Articles | Volume 24, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-179-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-179-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
24 Jan 2024
Research article |
| 24 Jan 2024
| 24 Jan 2024
Identifying vulnerable populations in urban society: a case study in a flood-prone district of Wuhan, China
School of Public Administration and Policy, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116081, China
Makoto Takahashi
Department of Social and Human Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Weifu Li
College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Related subject area
Risk Assessment, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies, Socioeconomic and Management Aspects
An assessment of potential improvements in social capital, risk awareness, and preparedness from digital technologies
Spatial accessibility of emergency medical services under inclement weather: a case study in Beijing, China
Review article: Current approaches and critical issues in multi-risk recovery planning of urban areas exposed to natural hazards
Estimating emergency costs for earthquakes and floods in Central Asia based on modelled losses
Compound flood impacts from Hurricane Sandy on New York City in climate-driven storylines
Regional-scale landslide risk assessment in Central Asia
Cost estimation for the monitoring instrumentation of landslide early warning systems
The role of response efficacy and self-efficacy in disaster preparedness actions for vulnerable households
Scientists as storytellers: the explanatory power of stories told about environmental crises
Back analysis of a building collapse under snow and rain loads in a Mediterranean area
Brief communication: On the environmental impacts of 2023 flood in Emilia-Romagna (Italy)
Assessment of building damage and risk under extreme flood scenarios in Shanghai
Towards a global impact-based forecasting model for tropical cyclones
Mangrove ecosystem properties regulate high water levels in a river delta
Analysis of flood warning and evacuation efficiency by comparing damage and life-loss estimates with real consequences related to the São Francisco tailings dam failure in Brazil
Anticipating a risky future: LSTM models for spatiotemporal extrapolation of population data in areas prone to earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, Peru
Analysis of the effects of urban micro-scale vulnerabilities on tsunami evacuation using and Agent-Based model. Case study in the city of Iquique, Chile
Criteria-based visualization design for hazard maps
Study on Seismic Risk Assessment Model of Water Supply System in Chinese Mainland
Low-regret climate change adaptation in coastal megacities – evaluating large-scale flood protection and small-scale rainwater detention measures for Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Modeling compound flood risk and risk reduction using a globally applicable framework: a pilot in the Sofala province of Mozambique
A regional scale approach to assess non-residential buildings, transportation and croplands exposure in Central Asia
Scenario-based multi-risk assessment from existing single-hazard vulnerability models. An application to consecutive earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, Peru
A new regionally consistent exposure database for Central Asia: population and residential buildings
Using machine learning algorithms to identify predictors of social vulnerability in the event of a hazard: Istanbul case study
Large-scale risk assessment on snow avalanche hazard in alpine regions
Probabilistic and machine learning methods for uncertainty quantification in power outage prediction due to extreme events
Public intention to participate in sustainable geohazard mitigation: an empirical study based on an extended theory of planned behavior
An assessment of short–medium-term interventions using CAESAR-Lisflood in a post-earthquake mountainous area
Review article: Design and evaluation of weather index insurance for multi-hazard resilience and food insecurity
Design and application of a multi-hazard risk rapid assessment questionnaire for hill communities in the Indian Himalayan region
Identifying the drivers of private flood precautionary measures in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Performance of the flood warning system in Germany in July 2021 – insights from affected residents
Differences in volcanic risk perception among Goma's population before the Nyiragongo eruption of May 2021, Virunga volcanic province (DR Congo)
Empirical tsunami fragility modelling for hierarchical damage levels
Quantifying the potential benefits of risk-mitigation strategies on future flood losses in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Review article: Potential of nature-based solutions to mitigate hydro-meteorological risks in sub-Saharan Africa
Invited perspectives: An insurer's perspective on the knowns and unknowns in natural hazard risk modelling
Classifying marine faults for hazard assessment offshore Israel: a new approach based on fault size and vertical displacement
Assessing agriculture's vulnerability to drought in European pre-Alpine regions
Tsunami risk perception in central and southern Italy
Brief communication: Critical infrastructure impacts of the 2021 mid-July western European flood event
Multi-scenario urban flood risk assessment by integrating future land use change models and hydrodynamic models
Building-scale flood loss estimation through vulnerability pattern characterization: application to an urban flood in Milan, Italy
Process-based flood damage modelling relying on expert knowledge: a methodological contribution applied to the agricultural sector
Dynamic risk assessment of compound hazards based on VFS–IEM–IDM: a case study of typhoon–rainstorm hazards in Shenzhen, China
Integrated seismic risk assessment in Nepal
Machine learning models to predict myocardial infarctions from past climatic and environmental conditions
Reliability of flood marks and practical relevance for flood hazard assessment in southwestern Germany
Invited perspectives: Managed realignment as a solution to mitigate coastal flood risks – optimizing success through knowledge co-production
Tommaso Piseddu, Mathilda Englund, and Karina Barquet
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 145–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-145-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-145-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Contributions to social capital, risk awareness, and preparedness constitute the parameters to test applications in disaster risk management. We propose an evaluation of four of these: mobile positioning data, social media crowdsourcing, drones, and satellite imaging. The analysis grants the opportunity to investigate how different methods to evaluate surveys' results may influence final preferences. We find that the different assumptions on which these methods rely deliver diverging results.
Yuting Zhang, Kai Liu, Xiaoyong Ni, Ming Wang, Jianchun Zheng, Mengting Liu, and Dapeng Yu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 63–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-63-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-63-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article is aimed at developing a method to quantify the influence of inclement weather on the accessibility of emergency medical services (EMSs) in Beijing, China, and identifying the vulnerable areas that could not get timely EMSs under inclement weather. We found that inclement weather could reduce the accessibility of EMSs by up to 40%. Furthermore, towns with lower baseline EMSs accessibility are more vulnerable when inclement weather occurs.
Soheil Mohammadi, Silvia De Angeli, Giorgio Boni, Francesca Pirlone, and Serena Cattari
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 79–107, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-79-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-79-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper critically reviews disaster recovery literature from a multi-risk perspective. Identified key challenges encompass the lack of approaches integrating physical reconstruction and socio-economic recovery, the neglect of multi-risk interactions, the limited exploration of recovery from a pre-disaster planning perspective, and the low consideration of disaster recovery as a non-linear process in which communities need change over time.
Emilio Berny, Carlos Avelar, Mario A. Salgado-Gálvez, and Mario Ordaz
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 53–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-53-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-53-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a methodology to estimate the total emergency costs based on modelled damages for earthquakes and floods, together with the demographic and building characteristics of the study area. The methodology has been applied in five countries in central Asia, the first time that these estimates are made available for the study area and are intended to be useful for regional and local stakeholders and decision makers.
Henrique M. D. Goulart, Irene Benito Lazaro, Linda van Garderen, Karin van der Wiel, Dewi Le Bars, Elco Koks, and Bart van den Hurk
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 29–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-29-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-29-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We explore how Hurricane Sandy (2012) could flood New York City under different scenarios, including climate change and internal variability. We find that sea level rise can quadruple coastal flood volumes, while changes in Sandy's landfall location can double flood volumes. Our results show the need for diverse scenarios that include climate change and internal variability and for integrating climate information into a modelling framework, offering insights for high-impact event assessments.
Francesco Caleca, Chiara Scaini, William Frodella, and Veronica Tofani
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 13–27, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-13-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-13-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Landslide risk analysis is a powerful tool because it allows us to identify where physical and economic losses could occur due to a landslide event. The purpose of our work was to provide the first regional-scale analysis of landslide risk for central Asia, and it represents an advanced step in the field of risk analysis for very large areas. Our findings show, per square kilometer, a total risk of about USD 3.9 billion and a mean risk of USD 0.6 million.
Marta Sapena, Moritz Gamperl, Marlene Kühnl, Carolina Garcia-Londoño, John Singer, and Hannes Taubenböck
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3913–3930, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3913-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3913-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A new approach for the deployment of landslide early warning systems (LEWSs) is proposed. We combine data-driven landslide susceptibility mapping and population maps to identify exposed locations. We estimate the cost of monitoring sensors and demonstrate that LEWSs could be installed with a budget ranging from EUR 5 to EUR 41 per person in Medellín, Colombia. We provide recommendations for stakeholders and outline the challenges and opportunities for successful LEWS implementation.
Dong Qiu, Binglin Lv, Yuepeng Cui, and Zexiong Zhan
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3789–3803, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3789-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3789-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper divides preparedness behavior into minimal and adequate preparedness. In addition to studying the main factors that promote families' disaster preparedness, we also study the moderating effects of response efficacy and self-efficacy on preparedness actions by vulnerable families. Based on the findings of this study, policymakers can target interventions and programs that can be designed to remedy the current lack of disaster preparedness education for vulnerable families.
Jenni Barclay, Richie Robertson, and M. Teresa Armijos
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3603–3615, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3603-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3603-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Stories create avenues for sharing the meanings and social implications of scientific knowledge. We explore their value when told between scientists during a volcanic eruption. They are important vehicles for understanding how risk is generated during volcanic eruptions and create new knowledge about these interactions. Stories explore how risk is negotiated when scientific information is ambiguous or uncertain, identify cause and effect, and rationalize the emotional intensity of a crisis.
Isabelle Ousset, Guillaume Evin, Damien Raynaud, and Thierry Faug
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3509–3523, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3509-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3509-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper deals with an exceptional snow and rain event in a Mediterranean region of France which is usually not prone to heavy snowfall and its consequences on a particular building that collapsed completely. Independent analyses of the meteorological episode are carried out, and the response of the building to different snow and rain loads is confronted to identify the main critical factors that led to the collapse.
Chiara Arrighi and Alessio Domeneghetti
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-184, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-184, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
This communication reflects on environmental flood impacts by analysing the reported environmental consequences of the 2023 Emilia-Romagna flood. The most frequently reported damages involve water resources and water-related ecosystems. Indirect effects in time and space, intrinsic recovery capacity, cascade impacts on socio-economic systems and lack of established monitoring activities appear as the most challenging aspects for future research.
Jiachang Tu, Jiahong Wen, Liang Emlyn Yang, Andrea Reimuth, Stephen S. Young, Min Zhang, Luyang Wang, and Matthias Garschagen
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3247–3260, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3247-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3247-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper evaluates the flood risk and the resulting patterns in buildings following low-probability, high-impact flood scenarios by a risk analysis chain in Shanghai. The results provide a benchmark and also a clear future for buildings with respect to flood risks in Shanghai. This study links directly to disaster risk management, e.g., the Shanghai Master Plan. We also discussed different potential adaptation options for flood risk management.
Mersedeh Kooshki Forooshani, Marc van den Homberg, Kyriaki Kalimeri, Andreas Kaltenbrunner, Yelena Mejova, Leonardo Milano, Pauline Ndirangu, Daniela Paolotti, Aklilu Teklesadik, and Monica L. Turner
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2205, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2205, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we improve an existing impact forecasting model for the Philippines by transforming the target variable (percentage of damaged houses) to a fine grid and using only features which are globally available. We show that our two-stage model conserves the performance of the original, and even has the potential of introducing savings in anticipatory action resources. Such model generalizability is important in increasing the applicability of such tools around the world.
Ignace Pelckmans, Jean-Philippe Belliard, Luis E. Dominguez-Granda, Cornelis Slobbe, Stijn Temmerman, and Olivier Gourgue
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3169–3183, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3169-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3169-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mangroves are increasingly recognized as a coastal protection against extreme sea levels. Their effectiveness in doing so, however, is still poorly understood, as mangroves are typically located in tropical countries where data on mangrove vegetation and topography properties are often scarce. Through a modelling study, we identified the degree of channelization and the mangrove forest floor topography as the key properties for regulating high water levels in a tropical delta.
André Felipe Rocha Silva and Julian Cardoso Eleutério
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3095–3110, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3095-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3095-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work evaluates the application of flood consequence models through their application in a real case related to a tailings dam failure. Furthermore, we simulated the implementation of less efficient alert systems on life-loss alleviation. The results revealed that the models represented the event well and were able to estimate the relevance of implementing efficient alert systems. They highlight that their use may be an important tool for new regulations for dam safety legislation.
Christian Geiß, Jana Maier, Emily So, Elisabeth Schoepfer, Sven Harig, Juan Camilo Gomez Zapata, and Yue Zhu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1794, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1794, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We establish a model of future geospatial population distributions to quantify the number of people living in earthquake-prone and tsunami-prone areas of Lima and Callao, Peru, for the year 2035. Areas of a high earthquake intensity will experience a population growth of almost 30 %. The population in the tsunami inundation area is estimated to grow by more than 60 %. Uncovering those relations can help urban planners and policy makers to develop effective risk mitigation strategies.
Rodrigo Cienfuegos, Gonzalo Álvarez, Jorge León, Alejandro Urrutia, and Sebastián Castro
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-139, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-139, 2023
Revised manuscript under review for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
This study carries out a detailed analysis of possible tsunami evacuation scenarios in the city of Iquique in Chile. Evacuation and tsunami modeling are integrated, allowing for an estimation of the potential number of people that the inundation may reach under different scenarios, by emulating the dynamics and behavior of the population and the decision making regarding the starting time of the evacuation.
Max Schneider, Fabrice Cotton, and Pia-Johanna Schweizer
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2505–2521, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2505-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2505-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Hazard maps are fundamental to earthquake risk reduction, but research is missing on how to design them. We review the visualization literature to identify evidence-based criteria for color and classification schemes for hazard maps. We implement these for the German seismic hazard map, focusing on communicating four properties of seismic hazard. Our evaluation finds that the redesigned map successfully communicates seismic hazard in Germany, improving on the baseline map for two key properties.
Tianyang Yu, Banghua Lu, Hui Jiang, and Zhi Liu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-84, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-84, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
A basic database for seismic risk assessment of 720 urban water supply systems in Chinese Mainland was established. The parameters of the seismic risk curves of 720 cities were calculated. The seismic fragility curves of various facilities in the water supply system were given based on the logarithmic normal distribution model.The seismic loss expectation and the loss rate expectation index of 720 urban water supply systems in Chinese Mainland in medium and long-term were given.
Leon Scheiber, Christoph Gabriel David, Mazen Hoballah Jalloul, Jan Visscher, Hong Quan Nguyen, Roxana Leitold, Javier Revilla Diez, and Torsten Schlurmann
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2333–2347, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2333-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2333-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Like many other megacities in low-elevation coastal zones, Ho Chi Minh City in southern Vietnam suffers from the convoluting impact of changing environmental stressors and rapid urbanization. This study assesses quantitative hydro-numerical results against the background of the low-regret paradigm for (1) a large-scale flood protection scheme as currently constructed and (2) the widespread implementation of small-scale rainwater detention as envisioned in the Chinese Sponge City Program.
Dirk Eilander, Anaïs Couasnon, Frederiek C. Sperna Weiland, Willem Ligtvoet, Arno Bouwman, Hessel C. Winsemius, and Philip J. Ward
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2251–2272, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2251-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2251-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a framework for assessing compound flood risk using hydrodynamic, impact, and statistical modeling. A pilot in Mozambique shows the importance of accounting for compound events in risk assessments. We also show how the framework can be used to assess the effectiveness of different risk reduction measures. As the framework is based on global datasets and is largely automated, it can easily be applied in other areas for first-order assessments of compound flood risk.
Chiara Scaini, Alberto Tamaro, Baurzhan Adilkhan, Satbek Sarzhanov, Zukhritdin Ergashev, Ruslan Umaraliev, Mustafo Safarov, Vladimir Belikov, Japar Karayev, and Ettore Fagà
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-95, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-95, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
Central Asia is prone to multiple hazards such as floods, landslides and earthquakes, which can affect a wide range of assets at risk. We develop the first regionally-consistent database of assets at risk for non-residential buildings, transportation and croplands in Central Asia. The database combines global and regional data sources and country-based information and supports the development of regional-scale disaster risk reduction strategies for the Central Asia region.
Juan Camilo Gómez Zapata, Massimiliano Pittore, Nils Brinckmann, Juan Lizarazo-Marriaga, Sergio Medina, Nicola Tarque, and Fabrice Cotton
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2203–2228, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2203-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2203-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate cumulative damage on extended building portfolios, we propose an alternative and modular method to probabilistically integrate sets of single-hazard vulnerability models that are being constantly developed by experts from various research fields to be used within a multi-risk context. We demonstrate its application by assessing the economic losses expected for the residential building stock of Lima, Peru, a megacity commonly exposed to consecutive earthquake and tsunami scenarios.
Chiara Scaini, Alberto Tamaro, Baurzhan Adilkhan, Satbek Sarzhanov, Vakhitkhan Ismailov, Ruslan Umaraliev, Mustafo Safarov, Vladimir Belikov, Japar Karayev, and Ettore Fagà
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-94, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-94, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
Central Asia is highly exposed to multiple hazards, including earthquakes, floods and landslides, for which risk reduction strategies are currently under development. We provide a regional-scale database of assets at risk, including population and residential buildings, based on existing information and recent data collected for each Central Asia country. Population and number of buildings are also estimated for the year 2080 to support the definition of disaster risk reduction strategies.
Oya Kalaycıoğlu, Serhat Emre Akhanlı, Emin Yahya Menteşe, Mehmet Kalaycıoğlu, and Sibel Kalaycıoğlu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2133–2156, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2133-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2133-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The associations between household characteristics and hazard-related social vulnerability in Istanbul, Türkiye, were assessed using machine learning techniques. The results indicated that less educated households with no social security and job insecurity that live in squatter houses are at a higher risk of social vulnerability. We present the findings in an open-access R Shiny web application, which can serve as a guidance for identifying the target groups in the interest of risk mitigation.
Gregor Ortner, Michael Bründl, Chahan M. Kropf, Thomas Röösli, Yves Bühler, and David N. Bresch
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2089–2110, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2089-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2089-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a new approach to assess avalanche risk on a large scale in mountainous regions. It combines a large-scale avalanche modeling method with a state-of-the-art probabilistic risk tool. Over 40 000 individual avalanches were simulated, and a building dataset with over 13 000 single buildings was investigated. With this new method, risk hotspots can be identified and surveyed. This enables current and future risk analysis to assist decision makers in risk reduction and adaptation.
Prateek Arora and Luis Ceferino
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1665–1683, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1665-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1665-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Power outage models can help utilities manage risks for outages from hurricanes. Our article reviews the existing outage models during hurricanes and highlights their strengths and limitations. Existing models can give erroneous estimates with outage predictions larger than the number of customers, can struggle with predictions for catastrophic hurricanes, and do not adequately represent infrastructure failure's uncertainties. We suggest models for the future that can overcome these challenges.
Huige Xing, Ting Que, Yuxin Wu, Shiyu Hu, Haibo Li, Hongyang Li, Martin Skitmore, and Nima Talebian
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1529–1547, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1529-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1529-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Disaster risk reduction requires public power. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the public's intention to participate in disaster risk reduction. An empirical study was conducted using structural equation modeling data analysis methods. The findings show that public attitudes, perceptions of those around them, ability to participate, and sense of participation are important factors.
Di Wang, Ming Wang, Kai Liu, and Jun Xie
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1409–1423, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1409-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1409-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The short–medium-term intervention effect on the post-earthquake area was analysed by simulations in different scenarios. The sediment transport patterns varied in different sub-regions, and the relative effectiveness in different scenarios changed over time with a general downward trend, where the steady stage implicated the scenario with more facilities performing better in controlling sediment output. Therefore, the simulation methods could support optimal rehabilitation strategies.
Marcos Roberto Benso, Gabriela Chiquito Gesualdo, Roberto Fray Silva, Greicelene Jesus Silva, Luis Miguel Castillo Rápalo, Fabricio Alonso Richmond Navarro, Patricia Angélica Alves Marques, José Antônio Marengo, and Eduardo Mario Mendiondo
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1335–1354, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1335-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1335-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This article is about how farmers can better protect themselves from disasters like droughts, extreme temperatures, and floods. The authors suggest that one way to do this is by offering insurance contracts that cover these different types of disasters. By having this insurance, farmers can receive financial support and recover more quickly. The article elicits different ideas about how to design this type of insurance and suggests ways to make it better.
Shivani Chouhan and Mahua Mukherjee
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1267–1286, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1267-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1267-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Himalayas are prone to multi-hazards. To minimise loss, proper planning and execution are necessary. Data collection is the basis of any risk assessment process. This enhanced survey form is easy to understand and pictorial and identifies high-risk components of any building (structural and non-structural) surrounded by multi-hazards. Its results can help to utilise the budget in a prioritised way. A SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities) analysis has been performed.
Thulasi Vishwanath Harish, Nivedita Sairam, Liang Emlyn Yang, Matthias Garschagen, and Heidi Kreibich
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1125–1138, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1125-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1125-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal Asian cities are becoming more vulnerable to flooding. In this study we analyse the data collected from flood-prone houses in Ho Chi Minh City to identify what motivates the households to adopt flood precautionary measures. The results revealed that educating the households about the available flood precautionary measures and communicating the flood protection measures taken by the government encourage the households to adopt measures without having to experience multiple flood events.
Annegret H. Thieken, Philip Bubeck, Anna Heidenreich, Jennifer von Keyserlingk, Lisa Dillenardt, and Antje Otto
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 973–990, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-973-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-973-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In July 2021 intense rainfall caused devastating floods in western Europe with 184 fatalities in the German federal states of North Rhine-Westphalia (NW) and Rhineland-Palatinate (RP), calling their warning system into question. An online survey revealed that 35 % of respondents from NW and 29 % from RP did not receive any warning. Many of those who were warned did not expect severe flooding, nor did they know how to react. The study provides entry points for improving Germany's warning system.
Blaise Mafuko Nyandwi, Matthieu Kervyn, François Muhashy Habiyaremye, François Kervyn, and Caroline Michellier
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 933–953, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-933-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-933-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Risk perception involves the processes of collecting, selecting and interpreting signals about the uncertain impacts of hazards. It may contribute to improving risk communication and motivating the protective behaviour of the population living near volcanoes. Our work describes the spatial variation and factors influencing volcanic risk perception of 2204 adults of Goma exposed to Nyiragongo. It contributes to providing a case study for risk perception understanding in the Global South.
Fatemeh Jalayer, Hossein Ebrahimian, Konstantinos Trevlopoulos, and Brendon Bradley
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 909–931, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-909-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-909-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Assessing tsunami fragility and the related uncertainties is crucial in the evaluation of incurred losses. Empirical fragility modelling is based on observed tsunami intensity and damage data. Fragility curves for hierarchical damage levels are distinguished by their laminar shape; that is, the curves should not intersect. However, this condition is not satisfied automatically. We present a workflow for hierarchical fragility modelling, uncertainty propagation and fragility model selection.
Carlos Mesta, Gemma Cremen, and Carmine Galasso
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 711–731, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-711-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-711-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Flood risk is expected to increase in many regions worldwide due to rapid urbanization and climate change. The benefits of risk-mitigation measures remain inadequately quantified for potential future events in some multi-hazard-prone areas such as Kathmandu Valley (KV), Nepal, which this paper addresses. The analysis involves modeling two flood occurrence scenarios and using four residential exposure inventories representing current urban system or near-future development trajectories for KV.
Kirk B. Enu, Aude Zingraff-Hamed, Mohammad A. Rahman, Lindsay C. Stringer, and Stephan Pauleit
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 481–505, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-481-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-481-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In sub-Saharan Africa, there is reported uptake of at least one nature-based solution (NBS) in 71 % of urban areas in the region for mitigating hydro-meteorological risks. These NBSs are implemented where risks exist but not where they are most severe. With these NBSs providing multiple ecosystem services and four out of every five NBSs creating livelihood opportunities, NBSs can help address major development challenges in the region, such as water and food insecurity and unemployment.
Madeleine-Sophie Déroche
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 251–259, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-251-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-251-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper proves the need to conduct an in-depth review of the existing loss modelling framework and makes it clear that only a transdisciplinary effort will be up to the challenge of building global loss models. These two factors are essential to capture the interactions and increasing complexity of the three risk drivers (exposure, hazard, and vulnerability), thus enabling insurers to anticipate and be equipped to face the far-ranging impacts of climate change and other natural events.
May Laor and Zohar Gvirtzman
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 139–158, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-139-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-139-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study aims to provide a practical and relatively fast solution for early-stage planning of marine infrastructure that must cross a faulted zone. Instead of investing huge efforts in finding whether each specific fault meets a pre-defined criterion of activeness, we map the subsurface and determine the levels of fault hazard based on the amount of displacement and the fault's plane size. This allows for choosing the least problematic infrastructure routes at an early planning stage.
Ruth Stephan, Stefano Terzi, Mathilde Erfurt, Silvia Cocuccioni, Kerstin Stahl, and Marc Zebisch
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 45–64, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-45-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-45-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study maps agriculture's vulnerability to drought in the European pre-Alpine regions of Thurgau (CH) and Podravska (SI). We combine region-specific knowledge with quantitative data mapping; experts of the study regions, far apart, identified a few common but more region-specific factors that we integrated in two vulnerability scenarios. We highlight the benefits of the participatory approach in improving the quantitative results and closing the gap between science and practitioners.
Lorenzo Cugliari, Massimo Crescimbene, Federica La Longa, Andrea Cerase, Alessandro Amato, and Loredana Cerbara
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4119–4138, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-4119-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-4119-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Tsunami Alert Centre of the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (CAT-INGV) has been promoting the study of tsunami risk perception in Italy since 2018. A total of 7342 questionnaires were collected in three survey phases (2018, 2020, 2021). In this work we present the main results of the three survey phases, with a comparison among the eight surveyed regions and between the coastal regions and some coastal metropolitan cities involved in the survey.
Elco E. Koks, Kees C. H. van Ginkel, Margreet J. E. van Marle, and Anne Lemnitzer
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3831–3838, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3831-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3831-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides an overview of the impacts to critical infrastructure and how recovery has progressed after the July 2021 flood event in Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands. The results show that Germany and Belgium were particularly affected, with many infrastructure assets severely damaged or completely destroyed. This study helps to better understand how infrastructure can be affected by flooding and can be used for validation purposes for future studies.
Qinke Sun, Jiayi Fang, Xuewei Dang, Kepeng Xu, Yongqiang Fang, Xia Li, and Min Liu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3815–3829, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3815-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3815-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Flooding by extreme weather events and human activities can lead to catastrophic impacts in coastal areas. The research illustrates the importance of assessing the performance of different future urban development scenarios in response to climate change, and the simulation study of urban risks will prove to decision makers that incorporating disaster prevention measures into urban development plans will help reduce disaster losses and improve the ability of urban systems to respond to floods.
Andrea Taramelli, Margherita Righini, Emiliana Valentini, Lorenzo Alfieri, Ignacio Gatti, and Simone Gabellani
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3543–3569, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3543-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3543-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work aims to support decision-making processes to prioritize effective interventions for flood risk reduction and mitigation for the implementation of flood risk management concepts in urban areas. Our findings provide new insights into vulnerability spatialization of urban flood events for the residential sector, demonstrating that the nature of flood pathways varies spatially and is influenced by landscape characteristics, as well as building features.
Pauline Brémond, Anne-Laurence Agenais, Frédéric Grelot, and Claire Richert
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3385–3412, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3385-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3385-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
It is impossible to protect all issues against flood risk. To prioritise protection, economic analyses are conducted. The French Ministry of the Environment wanted to make available damage functions that we have developed for several sectors. For this, we propose a methodological framework and apply it to the model we have developed to assess damage to agriculture. This improves the description, validation, transferability and updatability of models based on expert knowledge.
Wenwu Gong, Jie Jiang, and Lili Yang
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3271–3283, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3271-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3271-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a model named variable fuzzy set and information diffusion (VFS–IEM–IDM) to assess the dynamic risk of compound hazards, which takes into account the interrelations between the hazard drivers, deals with the problem of data sparsity, and considers the temporal dynamics of the occurrences of the compound hazards. To examine the efficacy of the proposed VFS–IEM–IDM model, a case study of typhoon–rainstorm risks in Shenzhen, China, is presented.
Sanish Bhochhibhoya and Roisha Maharjan
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3211–3230, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3211-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This is a comprehensive approach to risk assessment that considers the dynamic relationship between loss and damage. The study combines physical risk with social science to mitigate the disaster caused by earthquakes in Nepal, taking socioeconomical parameters into account such that the risk estimates can be monitored over time. The main objective is to recognize the cause of and solutions to seismic hazard, building the interrelationship between individual, natural, and built-in environments.
Lennart Marien, Mahyar Valizadeh, Wolfgang zu Castell, Christine Nam, Diana Rechid, Alexandra Schneider, Christine Meisinger, Jakob Linseisen, Kathrin Wolf, and Laurens M. Bouwer
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3015–3039, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3015-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3015-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Myocardial infarctions (MIs; heart attacks) are influenced by temperature extremes, air pollution, lack of green spaces and ageing population. Here, we apply machine learning (ML) models in order to estimate the influence of various environmental and demographic risk factors. The resulting ML models can accurately reproduce observed annual variability in MI and inter-annual trends. The models allow quantification of the importance of individual factors and can be used to project future risk.
Annette Sophie Bösmeier, Iso Himmelsbach, and Stefan Seeger
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2963–2979, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2963-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2963-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Encouraging a systematic use of flood marks for more comprehensive flood risk management, we collected a large number of marks along the Kinzig, southwestern Germany, and tested them for plausibility and temporal continuance. Despite uncertainty, the marks appeared to be an overall consistent and practical source that may also increase flood risk awareness. A wide agreement between the current flood hazard maps and the collected flood marks moreover indicated a robust local hazard assessment.
Mark Schuerch, Hannah L. Mossman, Harriet E. Moore, Elizabeth Christie, and Joshua Kiesel
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2879–2890, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2879-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2879-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal nature-based solutions to adapt to sea-level rise, such as managed realignments (MRs), are becoming increasingly popular amongst scientists and coastal managers. However, local communities often oppose these projects, partly because scientific evidence for their efficiency is limited. Here, we propose a framework to work with stakeholders and communities to define success variables of MR projects and co-produce novel knowledge on the projects’ efficiency to mitigate coastal flood risks.
Cited articles
Adger, W. N.: Social vulnerability to climate change and extremes in coastal Vietnam, World Dev., 27, 249–269, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00136-3, 1999.
Adger, W. N.: Vulnerability, Global Environ. Chang., 16, 268–281, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.02.006, 2006.
Adger, W. N. and Vincent, K.: Uncertainty in Adaptive Capacity, C. R. Geosci., 337, 399–410, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2004.11.004, 2005.
Aldrich, D. P.: Black wave: How networks and governance shaped Japan's 3/11 disasters, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press, the United States, ISBN 9780226638263, 2019.
Alexander, D.: Globalization of disaster: trends, problems and dilemmas, Journal of International Affairs Editorial Board, 59, 1–22, https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6665233 (last access: 21 June 2021), 2006.
Alzamil, S. W.: Evaluating Urban Status of Informal Settlements in Indonesia: A Comparative Analysis of Three Case Studies in North Jakarta, Journal of Sustainable Development, 11, 148–173, https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n4p148, 2018.
Awumbila, M., Owusu, G., and Teye, J. K.: Can Rural-Urban Migration into Slums Reduce Poverty? Evidence from Ghana, Migrating out of Poverty project, DFID, Working Paper 13, http://www.migratingoutofpoverty.org/files/file.php?name=wp-13—awumbila-owusu-teye-2014-can-rural-urban-migration-into-slums-reduce-poverty-final.pdf&site=354 (last access: 21 June 2021), 2014.
Balica, S. F.: Development and Application of Flood Vulnerability Indices for Various Spatial Scales, Water Science and Engineering, Delft, UNESCO-IHE MSc, http://unihefvi.free.fr/files/MSc_FVI_Stefania_Florina_BALICA.pdf (last access: 12 June 2021), 2007.
Balica, S. F., Wright, N. G., and van der Meulen, F.: A flood vulnerability index for coastal cities and its use in assessing climate change impacts, Nat. Hazards, 64, 73–105, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0234-1, 2012.
Barnett J., Lambert S., and Fry I.: The Hazards of Indicators: Insights from the Environmental Vulnerability Index, Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr., 98, 102–119, https://doi.org/10.1080/00045600701734315, 2008.
Bolin, B.: Race, Class, Ethnicity, and Disaster Vulnerability, in: Handbook of Disaster Research, edited by: Rodríguez, H., Quarantelli, E. L., and Dynes, R. R., 113–129, Springer, New York, ISBN 10 3319632558, 2007.
Burton, I., Kates, R. W., and White, G. F.: The Environment as Hazard, New York, Guilford Press, the United States, ISBN 10 0898621593, ISBN 13 978-0898621594, 1993.
Cannon, T.: Vulnerability, “innocent” disasters and the imperative of cultural understanding, Disast. Prev. Manag., 32, 350–357, https://doi.org/10.1108/09653560810887275, 2008.
Cassiers, T. and Kesteloot C.: Socio-Spatial Inequalities and Social Cohesion in European Cities, Urban Stud., 49, 1909–1924, https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098012444888, 2012.
Chambers, R. and Conway, G. R.: Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Practical Concepts for the 21st Century, https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle/20.500.12413/775/Dp296.pdf (last access: 15 May 2021), 1992.
Chan, K. W. and Zhang, L.: The Hukou System and Rural-Urban Migration in China: Processes and Changes, China Quart., 160, 818–855, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000001351, 1999.
Clark, W. C., Jager, J., Corell, R., Kasperson, R., McCarthy, J. J., Cash, D., Cohen, S. J., Desanker, P., Dickson, N. M., Epstein, P., Guston, D. H., Hall, J. M., Jaeger, C., Janetos, A., Leary, N., Levy, M. A., Luers, A., MacCracken, M., Melillo, J., Moss, R., Nigg, J. M., Parry, M. L., Parson, E. A., Ribot, J. C., Schellnhuber, H. J., Schrag, D. P., Seielstad, G. A., Shea, E., Vogel, C., and Wilbanks, T. J.: Assessing Vulnerability to Global Environmental Risks, Report of the Workshop on Vulnerability to Global Environmental Change: Challenges for Research, Assessment and Decision Making, https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/files/publication/Assessing Vulnerability to Global Environmental Risks 2000.pdf (last access: 18 July 2021), 2000.
Coulibaly, J. Y., Mbow, C., Sileshi, G. W., Beedy, T., Kundhlande, G., and Musau, J.: Mapping vulnerability to climate change in Malawi: Spatial and social differentiation in the Shire River basin, American Journal of Climate Change, 4, 282–294, https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2015.43023, 2015.
Cutter, S. L.: Vulnerability to environmental hazards, Prog. Human Geog., 20, 529–539, https://doi.org/10.1177/030913259602000407, 1996.
Cutter, S. L., Boruff, B. J., and Shirley, W. L.: Social vulnerability to environmental hazards, Soc. Sci. Quart., 84, 242–261, https://www.jstor.org/stable/42955868 (last access: 20 May 2021), 2003.
Donner, W. and Rodriguez, H.: Population Composition, Migration and Inequality: The Influence of Demographic Changes on Disaster Risk and Vulnerability, Soc. Forces, 87, 1089–1114, https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.0.0141, 2008.
Dvořák, M.: Measuring Yields: Arithmetic, Geometric and Horizon-Consistent Average. Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, 2016, 335–353, https://doi.org/10.18267/j.pep.563, 2016.
Flanagan, B. E., Gregory, E. W., Hallisey, E. J., Heitgerd, J. L., and Lewis, B.: A Social Vulnerability Index for Disaster Management, J. Homel. Secur. Emerg., 8, 1–22, https://doi.org/10.2202/1547-7355.1792, 2011.
Fischer, A. P. and Frazier, T. G.: Social vulnerability to climate change in temperate forest areas: New measures of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, Ann. Am. Assoc. Geogr., 108, 658–678, https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2017.1387046, 2018.
Fussel, H.: Vulnerability: A generally applicable conceptual framework for CC research, Global Environ. Chang., 17, 155–167, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.05.002, 2007.
Füssel, H. M. and Klein, R. J. T.: Climate change vulnerability assessments: An evolution of conceptual thinking, Climate Change, 75, 301–329, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-0329-3, 2006.
Gupta, E.: Oil vulnerability index of oil-importing countries, Energ. Policy, 36, 1195–1211, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.11.011, 2008.
Golub, G. H. and Van der Vorst, H. A.: Eigenvalue computation in the 20th century, J. Comput. Appl. Math., 1135–1165, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0427(00)00413-1, 2000.
Hahn, M. B., Riederer A. M., and Foster S. O.: The livelihood vulnerability index: A pragmatic approach to assessing risks from climate variability and change: A case study in Mozambique, Global Environ. Chang., 19, 74–88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.11.002, 2009.
Hardoy, J. E. and Satterthwaite, D.: Third world cities and the environment of poverty, World Health Forum, 8, 86–93, https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/47357 (last access: 25 July 2021), 1987.
Hardoy, J. E. and Satterthwaite, D.: Squatter Citizen: Life in the Urban Third World, London, Earthscan, the United Kingdom, ISBN 10 1853830208, 1989.
Hegde, V. A. and Reju, R. V.: Development of Coastal Vulnerability Index for Mangalore Coast, India, J. Coastal Res., 23, 1106–1111, https://doi.org/10.2112/04-0259.1, 2007.
Hewitt, K.: Interpretations of Calamity from the viewpoint of human ecology, London, Allen and Unwin, the United Kingdom, ISBN 0-04-301160-8, 1983.
Huang, X. J., Huang, X., and Cui, C. L.: The concept, analytical framework and assessment method of social vulnerability, Progress in Geography, 33, 1512–1525, 2014.
Huang, X. J., Wang, B., Liu, M. M., Guo, Y. H., and Li, Y. Y.: Characteristics of urban extreme heat and assessment of social vulnerability in China, Geogr. Res., 39, 1534–1547, https://doi.org/10.11821/dlyj020190608, 2020.
IPCC: Climate Change 2007, Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Parry, M. L., Canziani, O. F., Palutikof, J. P., Van Der Linde, P. J., and Hanson, C. E., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 7–22, ISBN 978 0521 70597-4, 2007.
IPCC: Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report, Geneva, Switzerland: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014, 151, ISBN 978-92-9169-143-2, 2014.
Klein, R. J. T., Nicholls, J. R., and Thomalla, F.: Resilience to natural hazards: How useful is this concept?, Environ. Hazards, 5, 35–45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazards.2004.02.001, 2003.
Lane, F. E. and Verdini, A. W.: Consistency Test for AHP Decision Makers, Decision Sci., 9, 575–590, 1989.
Lavell, A.: Local level risk management: concept and practices. CEPREDENAC-UNDP, Quito, Ecuador, https://www.desenredando.org/public/articulos/2003/llrmceca/llrmceca_abr-24-2003.pdf (last access: 25 July 2021), 2003.
Lin, C. S., Kou, G., and Ergu ,D.: Improved statistical approach for consistency testing in AHP, Ann. Oper. Res., 211, 289–299, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-013-1413-5, 2013.
Liu, C., Valentine, G., Vanderbeck, R. M., Diprose, K., and McQuaid, K.: Rural-urban inequality and the practice of promoting sustainability in contemporary China, Geo Journal, 84, 1187–1198, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-018-9915-y, 2019.
Liu, Z.: Institution and inequality: the hukou system in China, J. Comparat. Econ., 33, 133–157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2004.11.001, 2005.
Mao, Y. H., Yu, D. L., Zheng, J. H., and Wang, H. L.: Progress and research of urban vulnerability, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 97–103, 2017.
Marshall, N. A., Fenton, D. M., Marshall, P. A., and Sutton, S. G.: How resource dependency can infuence social resilience within a primary resource industry, Rural Sociol., 72, 359–390, https://doi.org/10.1526/003601107781799254, 2007.
McCarthy, J. J., Canziani, O. F., Leary, N. A., Dokken, D. J., and White, K. S.: Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, Cambridge,Cambridge University Press,the United Kingdom, ISBN 0-521-01500-6, ISBN 0-521-80768-9, 2001.
McEntire, D.: Understanding and reducing vulnerability: From the approach of liabilities and capabilities, Disast. Prev. Manag., 20, 294–313, https://doi.org/10.1108/09653561111141736, 2011.
Mehretu, A., Pigozzi, B. W., and Sommers, L. M.: Concepts in social and spatial margin, Geogr. Ann. B, 82, 89–101, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0435-3684.2000.00076.x, 2003.
Moss, R. H., Brenkert, A. L., and Malone, E. L.: Vulnerability toclimate change, A quantitative approach, https://www.ipcc.ch/apps/njlite/ar5wg2/njlite_download2.php?id=9186 (last access: 25 July 2021), 2001.
Mpanje, D., Gibbons, P., and McDermott, R.: Social capital in vulnerable urban settings: An analytical framework, Journal of International Humanitarian Action, 3, 4, https://doi.org/10.1186/s41018-018-0032-9, 2018.
National Bureau of Statistics (China): Report for Gini Coefficient, https://www.stats.gov.cn (last access: 18 October 2021), 2018.
O'Brien, G., O'Keefe, P., Meena, H., Rose, J., and Wilson, L.: Climate adaptation from a poverty perspective, Clim. Policy, 8, 194–201, https://doi.org/10.3763/cpol.2007.0430, 2008.
Parris, T. and Kates, R.: Characterizing and measuring sustainable development, Annu. Rev. Env. Resour., 28, 559–586, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105551, 2003.
Pelling, M.: The vulnerability of cities: natural disasters and social resilience, London, Earthscan Publications Ltd., the United Kingdom, ISBN 1-85383-830-6, 2003.
Perrow, C.: Disasters ever more? Reducing U.S. vulnerabilities, in: Handbook of Disaster Research, edited by: Rodríguez, H., Quarantelli, E. L., and Dynes, R. R., 113–129, Springer, New York, 2007.
Ramprasad, V.: Debt and vulnerability: indebtedness, institutions and smallholder agriculture in South India, J. Peasant Stud., 46, 1286–1307, https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2018.1460597, 2019.
Records of Hongshan District: Natural hazards, http://szfzg.wuhan.gov.cn/book/dfz/bookread/id/1016/category_id/375404.html (last access: 3 September 2021), 2009.
Records of Wuhan: Urban development, http://szfzg.wuhan.gov.cn/book/dfz/bookread/category_id/447308/id/1124.html (last access: 3 September 2021), 2000.
Rufat, S., Tate, E., Burton, C. G., and Maroof, A. S.: Social vulnerability to floods: Review of case studies and implications for measurement, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 14, 470–486, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.09.013, 2015.
Rygel, L., Sullivan, D. O., and Yarnal, B.: A method for constructing a social vulnerability index: An application to hurricane storm surges in a developed country, Mitig. Adapt. Strat. Gl., 11, 741–764, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-006-0265-6, 2006.
Saaty, T. L.: Analytic Hierarchy Process, New York, McGraw-Hill, ISBN 10 0070543712, 1980.
Sagar, A. D. and Najam, A.: The human development index: A critical review, Ecol. Econ., 25, 249–264, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(97)00168-7, 1998.
Sharma K.: The pandemic: Mirroring our fragilities, https://courier.unesco.org/en/articles/pandemic-mirroring-our-fragilities (last access: 3 May 2021), 2020.
Sicular, T., Yue, X. M., Gustafsson, B., and Li, S.: The urban-rural income gap and inequality in China, Rev. Income Wealth, 53, 93–126, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.2007.00219.x, 2007.
SOPAC: The Environmental Vulnerability Index, http://gsd.spc.int/sopac/evi/Files/EVI 2004 Technical Report.pdf (last access: 10 March 2021), 2004.
Teng, W. X., Xia, J. W., and Wan, B. L.: On Rainstorm Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Community: A Case Study on Yangpu District in Shanghai, Journal of Guangzhou University (Social Science Edition), 17, 20–26, 2018.
Timmerman, P.: Vulnerability, resilience and collapse of society, Toronto, Institute of Environmental Studies, Canada, https://www.ilankelman.org/miscellany/Timmerman1981.pdf (last access: 29 July 2021), 1981.
Turner, B. L., Kasperson, R. E., and Matson, P. A.: A Framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 8074–8079, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1231335100, 2003.
Villa, F. and McLeod, H.: Environmental vulnerability indicators for environmental planning and decision-making: guidelines and applications, Environ. Manage., 29, 335–348, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-001-0030-2, 2002.
Vincent, K.: Creating an index of social vulnerability to climate change for in Africa, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228809913_Creating_an_Index_of_Social_Vulnerability_to_Climate_Change_in_Africa (last access: 19 October 2021), 2004.
Weis, S. M., Agostini, V., Roth, L., Gilmer, B., Schill, S. R., Knowles, J., and Blyther, R.: Assessing vulnerability: An integrated approach for mapping adaptive capacity, sensitivity, and exposure, Climatic Change, 136, 615–629, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1642-0, 2016.
Wisner, B., Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., and Davis, I.: At Risk: Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability and Disasters, London, Routledge, the United Kingdom, ISBN 9780415084772, 2004.
Wuhan Municipal Bureau of Statistics: Bulletin of the Seventh National Population Census, https://tjj.wuhan.gov.cn/tjfw/tjgb/202105/t20210528_1707390.shtml (last access: 3 September 2021), 2021.
Xu, J. and Takahashi, M.: Progressing vulnerability of the immigrants in an urbanizing village in coastal China, Environ. Dev. Sustain., 23, 8012–8026, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00914-8, 2021.
Xu, J., Li, S. Z., Wu, Z., and Liu, W.: The vulnerability assessment of family support for the elderly in rural China: An empirical study based on data from Anhui, Population Research, 43, 91–101, https://rkyj.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2019/V43/I1/91 (last access: 20 May 2021), 2019.
Yang, J. H.: Research on the social Integration of China’s floating population, http://www.bjsci.ruc.edu.cn/xsyj/a582e5c2e67d43bd9af676838ac76c35.htm (last access: 16 June 2021), 2015.
You, W. J. and Zhang, Y. L.: Research on index system of social vulnerability for flood hazard, Journal of Catastrophology, 28, 215–220, 2013.
Zhang, Y. L. and You, W. J.: Assessment of social vulnerability to natural disasters of cities based on TOPSIS: A case study of Shanghai City, Journal of Catastrophology, 29, 109–114, 2014.
Zhang Z. S., Sun W., and Zhou Y. Z.: Quantitatively assessment of eco-environmental vulnerability in tropic coastal arid area: a case study of Leizhou peninsula, Journal of Desert Research, 28, 125–130, https://www.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFD2008&filename=ZGSS200801021&uniplatform=OVERSEA&v=u5P53eeUjRDZ54jkpm0N_E7BcF3FWlMd0lCepEzRt9qqGZHQf2LSyBuY1XVcEg65 (last access: 8 September 2021), 2008.
Short summary
Through the development of micro-individual social vulnerability indicators and cluster analysis, this study assessed the level of social vulnerability of 599 residents from 11 communities in the Hongshan District of Wuhan. The findings reveal three levels of social vulnerability: high, medium, and low. Quantitative assessments offer specific comparisons between distinct units, and the results indicate that different types of communities have significant differences in social vulnerability.
Through the development of micro-individual social vulnerability indicators and cluster...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint