Articles | Volume 21, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3749-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3749-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Lessons learned about the importance of raising risk awareness in the Mediterranean region (north Morocco and west Sardinia, Italy)
Ante Ivčević
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, LPED, Marseille, France
Priority Actions Programme/Regional Activity Centre (PAP/RAC), UN Environment Programme/Mediterranean Action Plan (UNEP/MAP), Split, Croatia
Hubert Mazurek
Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, LPED, Marseille, France
Lionel Siame
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
Raquel Bertoldo
Aix Marseille Univ, LPS, Aix-en-Provence, France
Vania Statzu
Mediterranean Sea and Coast Foundation (MEDSEA), Cagliari, Italy
Kamal Agharroud
Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tétouan, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan, Morocco
Isabel Estrela Rego
Research Institute for Volcanology and Risk Assessment (IVAR), University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
Nibedita Mukherjee
CBASS, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
Olivier Bellier
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ECCOREV, Aix-en-Provence, France
Related authors
No articles found.
Clément Desormeaux, Vincent Godard, Dimitri Lague, Guillaume Duclaux, Jules Fleury, Lucilla Benedetti, Olivier Bellier, and the ASTER Team
Earth Surf. Dynam., 10, 473–492, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-473-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-473-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Landscape evolution is highly dependent on climatic parameters, and the occurrence of intense precipitation events is considered to be an important driver of river incision. We compare the rate of erosion with the variability of river discharge in a mountainous landscape of SE France where high-magnitude floods regularly occur. Our study highlights the importance of the hypotheses made regarding the threshold that river discharge needs to exceed in order to effectively cut down into the bedrock.
Cited articles
Achterberg, P., De Koster, W., and Van der Waal, J.:
A science confidence gap: Education, trust in scientific methods, and trust in scientific institutions in the United States,
Public Underst. Sci.,
26, 704–7202017, 2014.
AlQahtany, A. M. and Abubakar, I. R.:
Public perception and attitudes to disaster risks in a coastal metropolis of Saudi Arabia,
Int. J. Disast. Risk Re.,
44, 101422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101422, 2020.
Antonioli, F., Anzidei, M., Amorosi, A., Presti, V. L., Mastronuzzi, G., Deiana, G., De Falco, G., Fontana, A., Fontolan, G., Lisco, S., and Marsico, A.:
Sea-level rise and potential drowning of the Italian coastal plains: Flooding risk scenarios for 2100,
Quaternary Sci. Rev.,
158, 29–43, 2017.
Benchekroun, S., Omira, R., Baptista, M. A., El Mouraouah, A., Brahim, A. I., and Toto, E. A.:
Tsunami impact and vulnerability in the harbour area of Tangier, Morocco,
Geomat. Nat. Haz. Risk,
6, 718–740, 2015.
Bertoldo, R.:
A comparative frame for a contextualised analysis of local natural risk management,
Int. J. Disast. Risk Re.,
52, 101945, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101945, 2021.
Bertoldo, R. and Castro, P.:
The outer influence inside us: Exploring the relation between social and personal norms,
Resour. Conserv. Recy.,
112, 45–53, 2016.
Bonaiuto, M., Alves, S., De Dominicis, S., and Petruccelli, I.:
Place attachment and natural hazard risk: Research review and agenda,
J. Environ. Psychol.,
48, 33–53, 2016.
Castellari, S., Venturini, S., Giordano, F., Ballarin Denti, A., Bigano, A., Bindi, M., Bosello, F., Carrera, L., Chiriacò, M. V., Danovaro, R., and Desiato, F.:
Elementi per una Strategia Nazionale di Adattamento ai Cambiamenti Climatici,
Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare, Roma, 245 p., 2014.
Cocco, G., Arras, F., Congiu, A., and Satta, G.:
Linee Guida per le Strategie Regionali di Adattamento ai Cambiamenti Climatici,
MASTER ADAPT, Roma, 97 p., 2019.
Covello, V. T.:
The perception of technological risks: A literature review,
Technol. Forecast. Soc.,
23, 285–297, 1983.
Cramer, W., Guiot, J., Fader, M., Garrabou, J., Gattuso, J. P., Iglesias, A., Lange, M. A., Lionello, P., Llasat, M. C., Paz, S., and Peñuelas, J.:
Climate change and interconnected risks to sustainable development in the Mediterranean,
Nat. Clim. Change,
8, 972–980, 2018.
Dauphiné, A.:
Risques et catastrophes. Observer, spatialiser, comprendre, gérer,
Armand Colin, Paris, 288 p., 2003.
Domingues, R. B., Santos, M. C., de Jesus, S. N., and Ferreira, Ó.:
How a coastal community looks at coastal hazards and risks in a vulnerable barrier island system (Faro Beach, southern Portugal),
Ocean Coast. Manage.,
157, 248–256, 2018.
El Abdellaoui, M., Chikhi, N. E., and Boulifa, A.:
Agriculture et dynamiques territoriales dans la zone spéciale de développement économique “Tanger–Méditerranée”,
Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan, 2008.
Giordano, F., Barbieri, L., Freixo Santos, T., Bono, L., Ballarin Denti, A., Lapi, M., Cozzi, L., Pregnolato, M., Oliveri, S., Marras, S., Maragno, D., Magni, F., Musco, F., Satta, G., Congiu, A., and Arras, F.:
Linee Guida, Principi e Procedure Standardizzate per l'Analisi Climatica a la Valutazione della Vulnerabilità a Livello Regionale e Locale,
MASTER ADAPT, Roma, 111 p., 2019.
Haut-commissariat au Plan: Données du Recensement général de la population et de l'habitat de 2014 – Niveau national, Rabat, 2018.
Istat: L'Italia del censimento: Struttura demografica e processo di rilevazione – Sardegna, Censimento generale della popolazione e delle abitazioni 2011, Roma, 2013.
Ivčević, A.:
Indicators in risk management: a fresh perspective between hazard analyses and societies' responses,
PhD dissertation,
Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France, 2020.
Ivčević, A.: Risk Awareness Morocco-Sardinia, OSF [code and data set], 9 October, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GMKYQ, 2021.
Ivčević, A., Bertoldo, R., Mazurek, H., Siame, L., Guignard, S., Ben Moussa, A., and Bellier, O.:
Local risk awareness and precautionary behaviour in a multi-hazard region of North Morocco.
Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 0, 101724, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101724, 2020.
Ivčević, A., Statzu, V., Satta, A., and Bertoldo, R.:
The future protection from the climate change-related hazards and the willingness to pay for home insurance in the coastal wetlands of West Sardinia, Italy,
Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 52, p.101956, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101956, 2021.
Joffe, H.:
Risk and 'the Other',
chapter 6 in: Social representations of risks,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999.
Joffe, H., Rossetto, T., Solberg, C., and O'Connor, C.:
Social representations of earthquakes: A study of people living in three highly seismic areas,
Earthq. Spectra,
29, 367–397, 2013.
Karadirek, I. E., Aktas, K., and Topkaya, B.:
Environmental Pollution of the Mediterranean Sea: Evaluation of Research Activities in the Mediterranean Sea Countries,
Fresen. Environ. Bull.,
28, 867–872, 2019.
Khan, A. A., Rana, I. A., and Nawaz, A.:
Gender-based approach for assessing risk perception in a multi-hazard environment: a study of high schools of Gilgit, Pakistan,
Int. J. Disast. Risk Re.,
44, 101427, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101427, 2020.
Langford, I. H.:
An existential approach to risk perception,
Risk Anal.,
22, 101–120, 2002.
Mondino, E., Scolobig, A., Borga, M., Albrecht, F., Mård, J., Weyrich, P., and Di Baldassarre, G.:
Exploring changes in hydrogeological risk awareness and preparedness over time: a case study in northeastern Italy,
Hydrolog. Sci. J.,
65, 1049–1059, 2020.
Neres, M., Carafa, M. M. C., Fernandes, R. M. S., Matias, L., Duarte, J. C., Barba, S., and Terrinha, P.:
Lithospheric deformation in the Africa-Iberia plate boundary: Improved neotectonic modeling testing a basal-driven Alboran plate,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
121, 6566–6596, 2016.
Papagiannaki, K., Diakakis, M., Kotroni, V., Lagouvardos, K., and Andreadakis, E.:
Hydrogeological and Climatological Risks Perception in a Multi-Hazard Environment: The Case of Greece,
Water,
11, 1770, https://doi.org/10.3390/w11091770, 2019a.
Papagiannaki, K., Kotroni, V., Lagouvardos, K., and Papagiannakis, G.: How awareness and confidence affect flood-risk precautionary behavior of Greek citizens: the role of perceptual and emotional mechanisms, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 1329–1346, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-1329-2019, 2019b.
Paradise, T. R.:
Islam and earthquakes: seismic risk perception in a Muslim city,
Journal of Islamic Law and Culture,
10, 216–233, 2008.
Plan Bleu:
Outsmart climate change: work with nature! Enhancing the Mediterranean's climate resilience through Nature-based Solutions, Plan Bleu Policy Paper, Marseille, 24, 2019.
Renn, O.:
The role of risk perception for risk management,
Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf.,
59, 49–62, 1998.
Rohrmann, B.: The risk notion: epistemological and empirical considerations,
in: Integrated Risk Assessment, edited by: Stewart, M. G. and Melchers, R. E., 39–46, Rotterdam, Balkema, 1998.
Salhi, A., Benabdelouahab, T., Martin-Vide, J., Okacha, A., El Hasnaoui, Y., El Mousaoui, M., El Morabit, A., Himi, M., Benabdelouahab, S., Lebrini, Y., and Boudhar, A.:
Bridging the gap of perception is the only way to align soil protection actions,
Sci. Total Environ.,
718, 137421, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137, 2020.
Satta, A., Snoussi, M., Puddu, M., Flayou, L., and Hout, R.:
An index-based method to assess risks of climate-related hazards in coastal zones: The case of Tetouan,
Estuar. Coast. Shelf S.,
175, 93–105, 2016.
Satta, A., Puddu, M., Venturini, S., and Giupponi, C.:
Assessment of coastal risks to climate change related impacts at the regional scale: The case of the Mediterranean region,
Int. J. Disast. Risk Re.,
24, 284–296, 2017.
Slovic, P.:
Perception of risk,
Science,
236, 280–285, 1987.
Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B., and Lichtenstein, S.:
Cognitive processes and societal risk taking,
in: Decision making and change in human affairs,
edited by: Jungermann, H. and De Zeeuw G.,
Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 7–36, 1976.
Snoussi, M., Niazi, S., Khouakhi, A., and Raji, O.:
Climate change and sea-level rise: a GIS-based vulnerability and impact assessment, the case of the Moroccan Coast,
in: Geomatic Solutions for Coastal Environments,
edited by: Maanan, M. and Robin, M.,
Nova Science Publishers Inc, Hauppauge, NY, 275–310, 2010.
Strategia Regionale di Adattamento ai Cambiamenti Climatici (Regional Strategy of Adaptation
to Climate Change),
Regione Autonoma della Sardegna, Assessorato della Difesa
dell’Ambiente, Adottata con Deliberazione della Giunta Regionale n. 6/50 del 5 febbraio 2019, 57 p., available at: https://delibere.regione.sardegna.it/protected/45523/0/def/ref/DBR45368/ (last access: 9 December 2021), 2019.
Tovar-Sánchez, A., Sánchez-Quiles, D., and Rodríguez-Romero, A.:
Massive coastal tourism influx to the Mediterranean Sea: The environmental risk of sunscreens,
Sci. Total Environ.,
656, 316–321, 2019.
Šakić Trogrlić, R., Duncan, M., Wright, G., van den Homberg, M., Adeloye, A., Mwale, F., and McQuistan, C.:
External stakeholders' attitudes towards and engagement with local knowledge in disaster risk reduction: are we only paying lip service?,
Int. J. Disast. Risk Re.,
58, 102196, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021, 2021.
United Nations:
Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction, 2015–2030, UNISDR, Geneva, Switzerland, available at: https://www.preventionweb.net/files/43291_sendaiframeworkfordrren.pdf (last access: 9 December 2021), 2015.
Vousdoukas, M. I., Mentaschi, L., Voukouvalas, E., Verlaan, M., and Feyen, L.:
Extreme sea levels on the rise along Europe's coasts,
Earths Future,
5, 304–323, 2017.
Zinn, J. O. (ed.):
Social theories of risk and uncertainty: An introduction,
John Wiley & Sons, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK, 2009.
Zinzula, P., Carpinelli, M., et al.:
Agreement on technical and scientific cooperation between the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, Department of Environmental Protection,
General Directorate for Environmental Defence (Director General Paola Zinzula) and University of Sassari
University of Sassari (Rector Massimo Carpinelli): Regione Autonoma della Sardegna, Metodi e Strumenti per la Strategia Regionale di Adattamento ai Cambiamenti Climatici (Methods and Tools for the Regional Strategy of Adaptation to Climate Change), Adottata con Deliberazione della Giunta Regionale n. 6/50 del 5 febbraio 2019, Regione Autonoma della Sardegna, Assessorato della Difesa dell’Ambiente, 662 pp., 2018.
Short summary
The results from two Mediterranean case studies, in north Morocco and west Sardinia, confirm the importance of interdisciplinarity and risk awareness sessions for risk management. The policy literature and interviews held with the administration, associations and scientists indicate that although recognised, the importance of risk awareness sessions is not necessarily put into practice. As a consequence, this could lead to a failure of risk management policy.
The results from two Mediterranean case studies, in north Morocco and west Sardinia, confirm the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint