Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Key Laboratory of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089, China
China Meteorological Administration Tornado Key Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
Zhixin He
Anhui Meteorological Observatory, Hefei 230000, China
Lu Yang
Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Dongmei Xu
Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Aiqing Shu
Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Jiajun Chen
Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Viewed
Total article views: 2,293 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
BibTeX
EndNote
1,511
678
104
2,293
82
116
HTML: 1,511
PDF: 678
XML: 104
Total: 2,293
BibTeX: 82
EndNote: 116
Views and downloads (calculated since 03 Feb 2025)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 03 Feb 2025)
Total article views: 1,290 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
BibTeX
EndNote
698
519
73
1,290
48
53
HTML: 698
PDF: 519
XML: 73
Total: 1,290
BibTeX: 48
EndNote: 53
Views and downloads (calculated since 13 Oct 2025)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 13 Oct 2025)
Total article views: 1,003 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
BibTeX
EndNote
813
159
31
1,003
34
63
HTML: 813
PDF: 159
XML: 31
Total: 1,003
BibTeX: 34
EndNote: 63
Views and downloads (calculated since 03 Feb 2025)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 03 Feb 2025)
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 2,293 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,225 with geography defined
and 68 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,290 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,226 with geography defined
and 64 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,003 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 999 with geography defined
and 4 with unknown origin.
When retrieving hydrometeors from reflectivity, there are two methods to allocate hydrometeor types: temperature-based and background hydrometer-dependent schemes. The temperature-based method divides hydrometeor proportions based on the background temperature, while the other scheme calculates average weights of each hydrometeor in various reflectivity intervals from background fields. The blending scheme adaptively combines these methods and is found to improve precipitation forecast accuracy.
When retrieving hydrometeors from reflectivity, there are two methods to allocate hydrometeor...