Hailstorms can cause severe damage to homes, crops, and infrastructure. Using high-resolution climate simulations, we tracked thousands of hailstorms across Europe to study future changes. Large hail will become more frequent, hail-covered areas will expand, and instances of extreme hail combined with heavy rain will double. These shifts could increase risks for communities and businesses, highlighting the need for better preparedness and adaptation.

Earthquakes are among the most disastrous natural calamities due to the release of accumulated strain energy from continuous tectonic movements. They have the potential to cause havoc in terms of both economic losses and loss of life. This paper presents a methodology to predict earthquakes in terms of seismic energy release globally using an ensemble machine learning technique, and then the approach is tested for one of the most seismically active regions of the world: the Western Himalayas.

This research investigates how seagrass meadows attenuate coastal waves. Our methodology integrates site measurements with numerical simulations, revealing that plant flexibility and seasonal growth cycles are crucial factors that enhance model fidelity for predicting wave damping. These insights aid ecosystem-based coastal protection and conservation of these vital habitats. Future work should address current–sediment–vegetation interactions for a more complete hydrodynamic understanding.