Articles | Volume 26, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-5389-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-5389-2026
Research article
 | 
30 Oct 2026
Research article |  | 30 Oct 2026

Residual error modelling for process-based flood frequency analysis

Jonathan Romero-Cuellar, James R. Craig, Bryan A. Tolson, and Rezgar Arabzadeh

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Cited articles

Andersen, C. B., Wright, D. B., and Thorndahl, S.: CON-SST-RAIN: Continuous Stochastic Space–Time Rainfall generation based on Markov chains and transposition of weather radar data, J. Hydrol. (Amst.), 637, 131385, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2024.131385, 2024. 
Apel, H., Thieken, A. H., Merz, B., and Blöschl, G.: Flood risk assessment and associated uncertainty, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 4, 295–308, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-4-295-2004, 2004. 
Arnaud, P. and Lavabre, J.: Coupled rainfall model and discharge model for flood frequency estimation, Water Resour. Res., 38, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000474, 2002. 
Arnaud, P., Cantet, P., and Odry, J.: Uncertainties of flood frequency estimation approaches based on continuous simulation using data resampling, J. Hydrol. (Amst.), 554, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.09.011, 2017. 
Baâ, K. M., Díaz-Delgado, C., and Caârsteanu, A.: Confidence intervals of quantiles in hydrology computed by an analytical method, Nat. Hazards, 24, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011101700032, 2001. 
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Short summary
Reliable flood estimates are difficult when river records are short. We developed a method that combines recorded weather and river flow with computer simulations of many possible years, while correcting errors in predicted flood peaks. Tests in three Canadian watersheds showed that estimates based on 30 years of data agreed with benchmarks from much longer records. The method could support clearer, more informed decisions about flood protection and infrastructure where data are limited.
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