Articles | Volume 26, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-4429-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-4429-2026
Research article
 | 
15 Sep 2026
Research article |  | 15 Sep 2026

Storm Gloria (2020): coexisting types of compound flooding in the West Mediterranean Region

Montserrat Llasat-Botija, Raül Marcos-Matamoros, Maria Aguilera-Vidal, José Antonio Jimenez, and María Carmen Llasat

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Cited articles

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AEMET: Borrascas con gran impacto de la temporada 2019–2020, https://www.aemet.es/ca/conocermas/borrascas/2019-2020, last access: 25 March 2025. 
Aguilera-Vidal, M., Sanuy, M., Ortego, M. I., and Jiménez, J. A.: Rainfall and wave storms interdependence in the western Spanish Mediterranean coast, J. Hydrol.: Reg. Stud., 62, 102873, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102873, 2025. 
Aguilera-Vidal, M., Sanuy, M., and Jiménez, J. A.: Beyond localized hotspots: hazard connectivity in spatially compound rainfall-coastal storm events, Environ. Res. Lett., 21, 144021, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae8a69, 2026. 
Amaro, J., Gayà, M., Aran, M., and Llasat, M. C.: Preliminary results of the Social Impact Research Group of MEDEX: the request database (2000–2002) of two Meteorological Services, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 10, 2643–2652, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-2643-2010, 2010. 
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Was Storm Gloria (19-25 January 2020) exceptional, and were its impacts greater because of its multi-compound character? We combined rainfall, wind, wave and insurance data along Spain’s Mediterranean coast to analyse it. Interacting river and coastal floods amplified impacts, simultaneous events widened the affected area, and consecutive floods hindered recovery. Highest losses where severe hazard conditions, but exposure, vulnerability and insurance coverage played a definitive role in them.
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