Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
NHESS
Articles | Volume 26, issue 6
Articles | Volume 26, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-2653-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-2653-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 26, issue 6
Research article
 | 
10 Jun 2026
Research article |  | 10 Jun 2026

Development of flood vulnerability functions for cultural heritage buildings and artworks for damage assessment in art cities

Claudia De Lucia and Chiara Arrighi

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Tangible and intangible ex post assessment of flood-induced damage to cultural heritage
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Cited articles

Amadio, M., Scorzini, A. R., Carisi, F., Essenfelder, A. H., Domeneghetti, A., Mysiak, J., and Castellarin, A.: Testing empirical and synthetic flood damage models: the case of Italy, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 661–678, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-661-2019, 2019. 
Arrighi, C.: A global scale analysis of river flood risk of UNESCO world heritage sites, Frontiers in Water, 3, 764459, https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2021.764459, 2021. 
Arrighi, C., Brugioni, M., Castelli, F., Franceschini, S., and Mazzanti, B.: Flood risk assessment in art cities: The exemplary case of Florence (Italy), J. Flood Risk Manag., 11, S616–S631, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12226, 2018a. 
Arrighi, C., Rossi, L., Trasforini, E., Rudari, R., Ferraris, L., Brugioni, M., Franceschini, S., and Castelli, F.: Quantification of flood risk mitigation benefits: A building-scale damage assessment through the RASOR platform, J. Environ. Manage., 207, 92–104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.11.017, 2018b. 
Arrighi, C., Carraresi, A., and Castelli, F.: Resilience of art cities to flood risk: A quantitative model based on depth-idleness correlation, J. Flood Risk Manag., 15, e12794, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12794, 2022. 
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Flood damage to cultural heritage is often overlooked, despite potentially severe impacts. A Florence case study estimated average losses exceeding EUR 5 million per site during a major flood. By assessing damage to both buildings and artworks, the study shows heritage sites can be more vulnerable than homes. Including them in flood risk planning is essential to protect their cultural and economic value.
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