Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
NHESS
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-4503-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-4503-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
Research article
 | 
13 Nov 2025
Research article |  | 13 Nov 2025

The EAWS matrix, a decision support tool to determine the regional avalanche danger level (Part A): conceptual development

Karsten Müller, Frank Techel, and Christoph Mitterer

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Short summary
This paper presents the updated EAWS (European Avalanche Warning Services) Matrix, developed to support consistent avalanche danger assessments across Europe. It links snowpack stability, its frequency, and avalanche size to the five danger levels. Based on expert surveys and operational testing, the Matrix supports expert judgment and aligns with the Conceptual Model of Avalanche Hazard while addressing known ambiguities in practice.
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