Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
NHESS
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-4375-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-4375-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 25, issue 11
Research article
 | 
07 Nov 2025
Research article |  | 07 Nov 2025

Machine learning for automated avalanche terrain exposure scale (ATES) classification

Kalin Markov, Andreas Huber, Momchil Panayotov, Christoph Hesselbach, Paula Spannring, Jan-Thomas Fischer, and Michaela Teich

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Latest update: 20 Jul 2026
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Short summary
With growing demand for decision support in recreational and professional use of avalanche terrain, we applied machine learning for automated Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale (AutoATES) mapping in Bulgaria. A Random Forest model, trained on expert-labelled data from the Pirin Mountains, accurately classifies avalanche terrain and reduces reliance on manual expert mapping, offering an effective and scalable solution for large-scale regional AutoATES applications.
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