Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated extreme water level in shallow and converging coastal systems

Deb, Mithun; Benedict, James J.; Sun, Ning; Yang, Zhaoqing; Hetland, Robert D.; Judi, David; Wang, Taiping

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2461-2024

Articles | Volume 24, issue 7

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2461-2024

© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2461-2024

© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 24, issue 7

Research article

|

19 Jul 2024

Research article |

| 19 Jul 2024

Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated extreme water level in shallow and converging coastal systems

Mithun Deb, James J. Benedict, Ning Sun, Zhaoqing Yang, Robert D. Hetland, David Judi, and Taiping Wang

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2461-2024-supplement

Data sets

ERA5 hourly data on pressure levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach, et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.bd0915c6

NOAA OI SST V2 High Resolution Dataset NOAA https://www.psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.noaa.oisst.v2.highres.html

Estuarine hurricane wind and Delaware Bay and River extreme water level Mithun Deb https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7988098

Model code and software

Energy Exascale Earth System Model v3.0.0 E3SM Project, DOE https://doi.org/10.11578/E3SM/dc.20240301.3

UMass Dartmouth, The Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model MEDM Lab https://github.com/FVCOM-GitHub/FVCOM

Betacast Colin M. Zarzycki https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6047091

ClimateGlobalChange/tempestextremes Paul Ullrich https://github.com/ClimateGlobalChange/tempestextremes

Model Evaluation Tools Tropical Cyclone (MET-TC) Developmental Testbed Center https://github.com/dtcenter/MET

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Short summary

We coupled earth system, hydrology, and hydrodynamic models to generate plausible and physically consistent ensembles of hurricane events and their associated water levels from the open coast to tidal rivers of Delaware Bay and River. Our results show that the hurricane landfall locations and the estuarine wind can significantly amplify the extreme surge in a shallow and converging system, especially when the wind direction aligns with the surge propagation direction.