Articles | Volume 23, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1465-2023
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1465-2023
Research article
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24 Apr 2023
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 24 Apr 2023

Rescuing historical weather observations improves quantification of severe windstorm risks

Ed Hawkins, Philip Brohan, Samantha N. Burgess, Stephen Burt, Gilbert P. Compo, Suzanne L. Gray, Ivan D. Haigh, Hans Hersbach, Kiki Kuijjer, Oscar Martínez-Alvarado, Chesley McColl, Andrew P. Schurer, Laura Slivinski, and Joanne Williams

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Cited articles

Anderson, J. L. and Anderson, S. L.: A Monte Carlo implementation of the nonlinear filtering problem to produce ensemble assimilations and forecasts, Mon. Weather Rev., 127, 2741–2758, 1999. 
Board of Trade: Furness Railway, https://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/BoT_LevenViaduct1903.pdf (last access: 20 September 2022), 1903. 
Brönnimann, S., Martius, O., Franke, J., Stickler, A., and Auchmann, R.: Historical weather extremes in the “Twentieth Century Reanalysis”, edited by: Brönnimann, S. and Martius, O., Weather extremes during the past 140 years, Reihe G Grundlagenforschung: Vol. G89 (pp. 7–17), Bern: Geographica Bernensia, https://doi.org/10.4480/GB2013.G89.01, 2013. 
Browning, K. A.: The sting at the end of the tail: damaging winds associated with extratropical cyclones, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 130, 375–399, https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.3889, 2004. 
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Executive editor
This paper clearly demonstrates the value of the rescue of historical meteorological data, as they help to come to a better assessment of the characteristics of events in the past. Using such data, the study is able to give evidence for physical processes of particular relevance for the intensity of an historical hazardous event. The approach makes an assessment of such events in the context of climate change and variability possible.
Short summary
We examine a severe windstorm that occurred in February 1903 and caused significant damage in the UK and Ireland. Using newly digitized weather observations from the time of the storm, combined with a modern weather forecast model, allows us to determine why this storm caused so much damage. We demonstrate that the event is one of the most severe windstorms to affect this region since detailed records began. The approach establishes a new tool to improve assessments of risk from extreme weather.
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