Articles | Volume 18, issue 4 
            
                
                    
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1079-2018
                    © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1079-2018
                    © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article: the use of remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) for natural hazards monitoring and management
Daniele Giordan
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
                                            
                                    
                                            Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle
Ricerche,
Torino, Italy
                                        
                                    Yuichi Hayakawa
                                            Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
                                        
                                    Francesco Nex
                                            University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC),  Enschede, the Netherlands
                                        
                                    Fabio Remondino
                                            3D Optical Metrology (3DOM) Unit, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy
                                        
                                    Paolo Tarolli
                                            Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
                                        
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Fabrizio Troilo, Niccolò Dematteis, Francesco Zucca, Martin Funk, and Daniele Giordan
                                    The Cryosphere, 18, 3891–3909, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3891-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3891-2024, 2024
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                                                The study of glacier sliding along slopes is relevant in many aspects of glaciology. We processed Sentinel-2 satellite optical images of Mont Blanc, obtaining surface velocities of 30 glaciers between 2016 and 2024. The study revealed different behaviours and velocity variations that have relationships with glacier morphology. A velocity anomaly was observed in some glaciers of the southern side in 2020–2022, but its origin needs to be investigated further.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Davide Notti, Martina Cignetti, Danilo Godone, and Daniele Giordan
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2625–2648, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2625-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2625-2023, 2023
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                                                We developed a cost-effective and user-friendly approach to map shallow landslides using free satellite data. Our methodology involves analysing the pre- and post-event NDVI variation to semi-automatically detect areas potentially affected by shallow landslides (PLs). Additionally, we have created Google Earth Engine scripts to rapidly compute NDVI differences and time series of affected areas. Datasets and codes are stored in an open data repository for improvement by the scientific community.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        D. Stroppiana, M. Pepe, M. Boschetti, A. Crema, G. Candiani, D. Giordan, M. Baldo, P. Allasia, and L. Monopoli
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 619–624, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-619-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-619-2019, 2019
                            Michele Santangelo, Massimiliano Alvioli, Marco Baldo, Mauro Cardinali, Daniele Giordan, Fausto Guzzetti, Ivan Marchesini, and Paola Reichenbach
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 325–335, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-325-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-325-2019, 2019
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                                                The paper discusses the use of rockfall modelling software and photogrammetry applied to images acquired by RPAS to provide support to civil protection agencies during emergency response. The paper focuses on a procedure that was applied to define the residual rockfall risk for a road that was hit by an earthquake-triggered rockfall that occurred during the seismic sequence that hit central Italy on 24 August 2016. Road reopening conditions were decided based on the results of this study.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Daniele Giordan, Yuichi S. Hayakawa, Francesco Nex, and Paolo Tarolli
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3085–3087, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-3085-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-3085-2018, 2018
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                                                In the special issue 
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        The use of remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) in monitoring applications and management of natural hazardswe propose a collection of papers that provide a critical description of the state of the art in the use of RPAS for different scenarios. In particular, the sequence of papers can be considered an exhaustive representation of the state of the art of the methodologies and approaches applied to the study and management of natural hazards.
Daniele Giordan, Davide Notti, Alfredo Villa, Francesco Zucca, Fabiana Calò, Antonio Pepe, Furio Dutto, Paolo Pari, Marco Baldo, and Paolo Allasia
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1493–1516, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1493-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1493-2018, 2018
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                                                We present a multiscale and multi-sensor methodology for flood mapping using free or low-cost data. We first mapped flooded areas at basin scale using free satellite data using both SAR and multispectral sensors. At local scale we refine mapping using very high-resolution images from Remotely Piloted Aerial System and terrestrial car camera, then we used these data to create 3-D model with structure from motion (SfM). All these data allowed creating accurate flooded area and water depth maps.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Federica Fiorucci, Daniele Giordan, Michele Santangelo, Furio Dutto, Mauro Rossi, and Fausto Guzzetti
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 405–417, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-405-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-405-2018, 2018
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                                                This paper describes the criteria for the optimal selection of remote sensing images to map event landslides, discussing the ability of monoscopic and stereoscopic VHR satellite images and ultra-high-resolution UAV images to resolve the landslide photographical and morphological signatures. The findings can be useful to decide on the optimal imagery and technique to be used when planning the production of a landslide inventory map.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        D. Giordan, A. Manconi, P. Allasia, and D. Bertolo
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2009–2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2009-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2009-2015, 2015
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                                                Straightforward communication of monitoring results is of major importance in emergency scenarios relevant to large slope instabilities. Here we describe the communication strategy developed for the Mont de La Saxe case study, a large rockslide threatening La Palud and Entrèves hamlets in the Courmayeur municipality (Aosta Valley, Italy).
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        A. Manconi and D. Giordan
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1639–1644, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1639-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1639-2015, 2015
                            D. Giordan, A. Manconi, A. Facello, M. Baldo, F. dell'Anese, P. Allasia, and F. Dutto
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 163–169, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-163-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-163-2015, 2015
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                                                In recent years, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in civilian/commercial contexts is becoming increasingly common, also for the applications concerning the anthropic and natural disasters. In this paper, we present the first results of a research project aimed at defining a possible methodology for the use of micro-UAVs in emergency scenarios relevant to rockfall phenomena.
                                            
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                                        Azim Zulhilmi, Yuichi S. Hayakawa, and Daniel R. Newman
                                    Geosci. Commun., 8, 197–211, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-197-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-197-2025, 2025
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                                                We conducted an immersive virtual reality (VR) lecture to teach geoscience topics to middle-school students at an international school in Japan. The lecture proved both engaging and motivational for the students, with its primary strength lying in its ability to captivate their attention and foster a sense of freedom. While the results suggest that VR has the potential to be integrated into the broader geoscience curricula, further refinement is necessary to maximize its effectiveness.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
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                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
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                            Luca Morelli, Giulio Perda, Francesco Ioli, Paweł Trybała, Andrea Sterpin, Simone Rigon, Neil Sutherland, Marco Medici, Fabio Remondino, and Alfonso Vitti
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W8-2024, 335–342, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W8-2024-335-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W8-2024-335-2024, 2024
                            Oscar Roman, Maarten Bassier, Sam De Geyter, Heinder De Winter, Elisa Mariarosaria Farella, and Fabio Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W8-2024, 403–410, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W8-2024-403-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W8-2024-403-2024, 2024
                            Maria Valasia Peppa, Luca Morelli, Fabio Remondino, and Jon P. Mills
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W7-2024, 97–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W7-2024-97-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W7-2024-97-2024, 2024
                            Giulio Perda, Luca Morelli, Fabio Remondino, Clive Fraser, and Thomas Luhmann
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W7-2024, 105–112, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W7-2024-105-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W7-2024-105-2024, 2024
                            Oscar Roman, Gabriele Mazzacca, Elisa Mariarosaria Farella, Fabio Remondino, Maarten Bassier, and Giorgio Agugiaro
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-4-2024, 287–294, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-2024-287-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-2024-287-2024, 2024
                            Fabrizio Troilo, Niccolò Dematteis, Francesco Zucca, Martin Funk, and Daniele Giordan
                                    The Cryosphere, 18, 3891–3909, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3891-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-3891-2024, 2024
                                    Short summary
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                                                The study of glacier sliding along slopes is relevant in many aspects of glaciology. We processed Sentinel-2 satellite optical images of Mont Blanc, obtaining surface velocities of 30 glaciers between 2016 and 2024. The study revealed different behaviours and velocity variations that have relationships with glacier morphology. A velocity anomaly was observed in some glaciers of the southern side in 2020–2022, but its origin needs to be investigated further.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Onur Can Bayrak, Zhenyu Ma, Elisa Mariarosaria Farella, Fabio Remondino, and Melis Uzar
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-2024, 25–32, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-25-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-25-2024, 2024
                            Marco Medici, Giulio Perda, Andrea Sterpin, Elisa Mariarosaria Farella, Stefano Settimo, and Fabio Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-2024, 249–256, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-249-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-249-2024, 2024
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                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-2024, 281–288, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-281-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-281-2024, 2024
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                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-2024, 379–386, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-379-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-379-2024, 2024
                            Shuang Song, Luca Morelli, Xinyi Wu, Rongjun Qin, Hessah Albanwan, and Fabio Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-2024, 393–400, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-393-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-393-2024, 2024
                            Paweł Trybała, Simone Rigon, Fabio Remondino, Aleksandra Banasiewicz, Adam Wróblewski, Arkadiusz Macek, Paulina Kujawa, Kinga Romańczukiewicz, Carlos Redondo, and Fran Espada
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-2024, 427–434, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-427-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-427-2024, 2024
                            M. Avena, G. Patrucco, F. Remondino, and A. Spanò
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 25–31, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-25-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-25-2024, 2024
                            M. Bassier, G. Mazzacca, R. Battisti, S. Malek, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 49–56, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-49-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-49-2024, 2024
                            M. Chizhova, J. Pan, T. Luhmann, A. Karami, F. Menna, F. Remondino, M. Hess, and T. Eißing
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 103–110, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-103-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-103-2024, 2024
                            M. Codiglione, G. Mazzacca, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 119–125, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-119-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-119-2024, 2024
                            A. Elalailyi, L. Perfetti, F. Fassi, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 189–195, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-189-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-189-2024, 2024
                            E. M. Farella, S. Rigon, F. Remondino, A. Stan, G. Ioannidis, S. Münster, M. Medici, F. Maietti, and A. Sánchez
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 197–204, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-197-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-197-2024, 2024
                            L. Morelli, F. Ioli, F. Maiwald, G. Mazzacca, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 309–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-309-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-309-2024, 2024
                            E. Oniga, B. Boroianu, L. Morelli, F. Remondino, and M. Macovei
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 333–339, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-333-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-333-2024, 2024
                            M. B. Trivi, G. Mazzacca, M. Griffo, S. Malek, R. Battisti, F. Remondino, C. Bianchini, and E. Chiavoni
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W4-2024, 445–451, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-445-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W4-2024-445-2024, 2024
                            Y. Yadav, B. Alsadik, F. Nex, F. Remondino, and P. Glira
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W2-2023, 633–640, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W2-2023-633-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W2-2023-633-2023, 2023
                            F. Ioli, F. Barbieri, F. Gaspari, F. Nex, and L. Pinto
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W2-2023, 1037–1044, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W2-2023-1037-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W2-2023-1037-2023, 2023
                            A. Masiero, L. Morelli, C. Toth, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W2-2023, 1127–1133, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W2-2023-1127-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W2-2023-1127-2023, 2023
                            S. M. Tilon and F. Nex
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-1-W1-2023, 431–437, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-1-W1-2023-431-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-1-W1-2023-431-2023, 2023
                            U. V. B. L. Udugama, G. Vosselman, and F. Nex
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-1-W1-2023, 439–445, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-1-W1-2023-439-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-1-W1-2023-439-2023, 2023
                            J. R. Bergado and F. Nex
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-1-W1-2023, 1027–1032, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-1-W1-2023-1027-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-1-W1-2023-1027-2023, 2023
                            O. C. Bayrak, F. Remondino, and M. Uzar
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-1-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-1-2023, 2023
                            R. Beber, G. Perda, N. Takhtkeshha, F. Remondino, T. Maffei, D. Poli, K. Moe, P. Cipriano, and M. Ciliberti
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 9–16, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-9-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-9-2023, 2023
                            E. M. Farella, F. Remondino, C. Cahalane, R. Qin, A. M. Loghin, M. Di Tullio, N. Haala, and J. Mills
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 47–54, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-47-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-47-2023, 2023
                            C. R. Fol, A. Murtiyoso, D. Kükenbrink, F. Remondino, and V. C. Griess
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 55–61, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-55-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-55-2023, 2023
                            F. Nex, N. Zhang, F. Remondino, E. M. Farella, R. Qin, and C. Zhang
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 123–130, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-123-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-123-2023, 2023
                            N. Padkan, P. Trybala, R. Battisti, F. Remondino, and C. Bergeret
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 137–144, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-137-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-137-2023, 2023
                            O. Roman, E. M. Farella, S. Rigon, F. Remondino, S. Ricciuti, and D. Viesi
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 175–182, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-175-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-175-2023, 2023
                            P. Trybała, P. Kujawa, K. Romańczukiewicz, A. Szrek, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 191–198, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-191-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-191-2023, 2023
                            Z. Yan, G. Mazzacca, S. Rigon, E. M. Farella, P. Trybala, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 219–226, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-219-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-219-2023, 2023
                            Davide Notti, Martina Cignetti, Danilo Godone, and Daniele Giordan
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2625–2648, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2625-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2625-2023, 2023
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                We developed a cost-effective and user-friendly approach to map shallow landslides using free satellite data. Our methodology involves analysing the pre- and post-event NDVI variation to semi-automatically detect areas potentially affected by shallow landslides (PLs). Additionally, we have created Google Earth Engine scripts to rapidly compute NDVI differences and time series of affected areas. Datasets and codes are stored in an open data repository for improvement by the scientific community.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        G. Mazzacca, A. Karami, S. Rigon, E. M. Farella, P. Trybala, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-M-2-2023, 1051–1058, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-1051-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-1051-2023, 2023
                            O. Roman, M. Avena, E. M. Farella, F. Remondino, and A. Spanò
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-M-2-2023, 1345–1352, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-1345-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-1345-2023, 2023
                            F. M. La Russa, E. Grilli, F. Remondino, C. Santagati, and M. Intelisano
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-M-2-2023, 903–910, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-903-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-2-2023-903-2023, 2023
                            F. Menna, R. Battisti, E. Nocerino, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 295–302, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-295-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-295-2023, 2023
                            L. Morelli, F. Ioli, R. Beber, F. Menna, F. Remondino, and A. Vitti
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 317–324, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-317-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-317-2023, 2023
                            V. E. Oniga, L. Morelli, M. Macovei, C. Chirila, A. I. Breaban, F. Remondino, and P. Sestraș
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 345–352, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-345-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-345-2023, 2023
                            N. Padkan, R. Battisti, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 363–370, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-363-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-363-2023, 2023
                            P. Trybała, D. Kasza, J. Wajs, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 517–524, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-517-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-517-2023, 2023
                            A. Karami, M. Varshosaz, F. Menna, F. Remondino, and T. Luhmann
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-4-W1-2022, 363–370, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-W1-2022-363-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-W1-2022-363-2023, 2023
                            F. Menna, A. Torresani, R. Battisti, E. Nocerino, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W1-2022, 153–162, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W1-2022-153-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W1-2022-153-2022, 2022
                            L. Morelli, F. Bellavia, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W1-2022, 163–170, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W1-2022-163-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W1-2022-163-2022, 2022
                            L. Morelli, F. Menna, A. Vitti, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W1-2022, 171–176, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W1-2022-171-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W1-2022-171-2022, 2022
                            L. Morelli, A. Karami, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W2-2022, 77–84, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W2-2022-77-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W2-2022-77-2022, 2022
                            P. Trybała, J. Szrek, F. Remondino, J. Wodecki, and R. Zimroz
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W2-2022, 135–142, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W2-2022-135-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W2-2022-135-2022, 2022
                            A. Nurunnabi, F. N. Teferle, D. F. Laefer, F. Remondino, I. R. Karas, and J. Li
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-4-W3-2022, 111–118, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W3-2022-111-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-4-W3-2022-111-2022, 2022
                            N. Zhang, F. Nex, G. Vosselman, and N. Kerle
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B3-2022, 1189–1196, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B3-2022-1189-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B3-2022-1189-2022, 2022
                            A. Yilmaz, J. D. Wegner, R. Qin, F. Remondino, T. Fuse, and I. Toschi
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 7–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-7-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-7-2022, 2022
                            A. Azimi, A. Hosseininaveh, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 9–14, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-9-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-9-2022, 2022
                            F. Remondino, L. Morelli, E. Stathopoulou, M. Elhashash, and R. Qin
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 77–84, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-77-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-77-2022, 2022
                            K. K. Mwangangi, P. O. Mc’Okeyo, S. J. Oude Elberink, and F. Nex
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 433–440, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-433-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-433-2022, 2022
                            M. Welponer, E. K. Stathopoulou, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 469–476, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-469-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-469-2022, 2022
                            A. Karami, R. Battisti, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 695–702, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-695-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-695-2022, 2022
                            F. Menna, E. Nocerino, S. Malek, F. Remondino, and S. Schiaparelli
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 935–943, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-935-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-935-2022, 2022
                            E. M. Farella, L. Morelli, F. Remondino, J. P. Mills, N. Haala, and J. Crompvoets
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 1175–1182, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-1175-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-1175-2022, 2022
                            M. V. Peppa, L. Morelli, J. P. Mills, N. T. Penna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2022, 1183–1190, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-1183-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2022-1183-2022, 2022
                            S. Karam, F. Nex, O. Karlsson, J. Rydell, E. Bilock, M. Tulldahl, M. Holmberg, and N. Kerle
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-1-2022, 203–210, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-1-2022-203-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-1-2022-203-2022, 2022
                            A. Yilmaz, J. D. Wegner, R. Qin, F. Remondino, T. Fuse, and I. Toschi
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-2-2022, 7–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2022-7-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2022-7-2022, 2022
                            F. Bellavia, L. Morelli, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVI-2-W1-2022, 73–80, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-73-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-73-2022, 2022
                            E. M. Farella, L. Morelli, E. Grilli, S. Rigon, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVI-2-W1-2022, 215–222, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-215-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-215-2022, 2022
                            S. Kyriakaki-Grammatikaki, E. K. Stathopoulou, E. Grilli, F. Remondino, and A. Georgopoulos
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVI-2-W1-2022, 291–298, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-291-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-291-2022, 2022
                            G. Mazzacca, E. Grilli, G. P. Cirigliano, F. Remondino, and S. Campana
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVI-2-W1-2022, 365–372, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-365-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-365-2022, 2022
                            Jonathan Rizzi, Ana M. Tarquis, Anne Gobin, Mikhail Semenov, Wenwu Zhao, and Paolo Tarolli
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3873–3877, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3873-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3873-2021, 2021
                            Pengzhi Zhao, Daniel Joseph Fallu, Sara Cucchiaro, Paolo Tarolli, Clive Waddington, David Cockcroft, Lisa Snape, Andreas Lang, Sebastian Doetterl, Antony G. Brown, and Kristof Van Oost
                                    Biogeosciences, 18, 6301–6312, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6301-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6301-2021, 2021
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                We investigate the factors controlling the soil organic carbon (SOC) stability and temperature sensitivity of abandoned prehistoric agricultural terrace soils. Results suggest that the burial of former topsoil due to terracing provided an SOC stabilization mechanism. Both the soil C : N ratio and SOC mineral protection regulate soil SOC temperature sensitivity. However, which mechanism predominantly controls SOC temperature sensitivity depends on the age of the buried terrace soils.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Mihai Ciprian Mărgărint, Mihai Niculiță, Giulia Roder, and Paolo Tarolli
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3251–3283, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3251-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3251-2021, 2021
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Local stakeholders' knowledge plays a deciding role in emergencies, supporting rescue officers in natural hazard events; coordinating; and assisting, both physically and psychologically, the affected populations. Their risk perception was assessed using a questionnaire for an area in north-eastern Romania. The results show low preparedness and reveal substantial distinctions among stakeholders and different risks based on their cognitive and behavioral roles in their communities.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        A. Torresani, S. Rigon, E. M. Farella, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVI-M-1-2021, 761–768, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-M-1-2021-761-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-M-1-2021-761-2021, 2021
                            S. Teruggi, E. Grilli, F. Fassi, and F. Remondino
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., VIII-M-1-2021, 155–162, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-VIII-M-1-2021-155-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-VIII-M-1-2021-155-2021, 2021
                            A. Masiero, P. Dabove, V. Di Pietra, M. Piragnolo, A. Vettore, S. Cucchiaro, A. Guarnieri, P. Tarolli, C. Toth, V. Gikas, H. Perakis, K.-W. Chiang, L. M. Ruotsalainen, S. Goel, and J. Gabela
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B1-2021, 111–116, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B1-2021-111-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B1-2021-111-2021, 2021
                            A. Yilmaz, J. D. Wegner, F. Remondino, T. Fuse, and I. Toschi
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 7–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-7-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-7-2021, 2021
                            E. Maset, E. Rupnik, M. Pierrot-Deseilligny, F. Remondino, and A. Fusiello
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 33–38, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-33-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-33-2021, 2021
                            V. Mousavi, M. Varshosaz, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 39–46, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-39-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-39-2021, 2021
                            E. K. Stathopoulou, S. Rigon, R. Battisti, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 391–398, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-391-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-391-2021, 2021
                            N. Zhang, F. Nex, N. Kerle, and G. Vosselman
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 427–432, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-427-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-427-2021, 2021
                            E. Grilli, F. Poux, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 471–478, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-471-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-471-2021, 2021
                            A. Karami, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 519–526, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-519-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-519-2021, 2021
                            F. Remondino, F. Menna, and L. Morelli
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 549–556, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-549-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-549-2021, 2021
                            F. Menna, E. Nocerino, B. Chemisky, F. Remondino, and P. Drap
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2021, 667–672, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-667-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2021-667-2021, 2021
                            A. Yilmaz, J. D. Wegner, F. Remondino, T. Fuse, and I. Toschi
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-2-2021, 7–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2021-7-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2021-7-2021, 2021
                            Faith E. Taylor, Paolo Tarolli, and Bruce D. Malamud
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2585–2590, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2585-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2585-2020, 2020
                            D. González-Aguilera, E. Ruiz de Oña, L. López-Fernandez, E. M. Farella, E. K. Stathopoulou, I. Toschi, F. Remondino, P. Rodríguez-Gonzálvez, D. Hernández-López, A. Fusiello, and F. Nex
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B5-2020, 213–219, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B5-2020-213-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B5-2020-213-2020, 2020
                            F. Matrone, A. Lingua, R. Pierdicca, E. S. Malinverni, M. Paolanti, E. Grilli, F. Remondino, A. Murtiyoso, and T. Landes
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2020, 1419–1426, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2020-1419-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2020-1419-2020, 2020
                            F. Remondino, T. Fuse, and I. Toschi
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2020, 7–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2020-7-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2020-7-2020, 2020
                            V. V. Kniaz, S. Y. Zheltov, F. Remondino, V. A. Knyaz, A. Bordodymov, and A. Gruen
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2020, 435–441, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2020-435-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2020-435-2020, 2020
                            O. Lanz, F. Sottsas, M. Conni, M. Boschetti, E. Nocerino, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B2-2020, 785–790, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2020-785-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B2-2020-785-2020, 2020
                            A. Masiero, G. Sofia, and P. Tarolli
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B1-2020, 259–264, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B1-2020-259-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B1-2020-259-2020, 2020
                            P. O. Mc’Okeyo, F. Nex, C. Persello, and A. Vrieling
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-1-2020, 309–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-1-2020-309-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-1-2020-309-2020, 2020
                            F. Remondino, T. Fuse, and I. Toschi
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-2-2020, 7–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2020-7-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2020-7-2020, 2020
                            L. Madhuanand, F. Nex, and M. Y. Yang
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-2-2020, 451–458, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2020-451-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2020-451-2020, 2020
                            S. M. Tilon, F. Nex, D. Duarte, N. Kerle, and G. Vosselman
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-2-2020, 573–582, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2020-573-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2020-573-2020, 2020
                            E.-K. Stathopoulou, M. Welponer, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W17, 331–338, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W17-331-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W17-331-2019, 2019
                            E. Grilli, E. Özdemir, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4-W18, 447–454, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-447-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-447-2019, 2019
                            E. Özdemir, F. Remondino, and A. Golkar
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4-W18, 843–849, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-843-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-843-2019, 2019
                            K. Bakuła, J. P. Mills, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-1-W2, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W2-1-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W2-1-2019, 2019
                            E. Özdemir, I. Toschi, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-1-W2, 53–60, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W2-53-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W2-53-2019, 2019
                            E.-K. Stathopoulou and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W15, 1135–1140, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-1135-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-1135-2019, 2019
                            A. Torresani and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W15, 1157–1162, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-1157-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-1157-2019, 2019
                            E. Nocerino, F. Menna, E. Farella, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W15, 857–864, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-857-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-857-2019, 2019
                            E. M. Farella, A. Torresani, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W15, 465–472, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-465-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-465-2019, 2019
                            E. Grilli, E. M. Farella, A. Torresani, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W15, 541–548, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-541-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-541-2019, 2019
                            N. Kerle, F. Nex, D. Duarte, and A. Vetrivel
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-3-W8, 187–194, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W8-187-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W8-187-2019, 2019
                            C. Bernard, J. P. Mills, J. Talaya, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 927–934, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-927-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-927-2019, 2019
                            P. Fanta-Jende, F. Nex, M. Gerke, J. Lijnen, and G. Vosselman
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 1649–1654, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-1649-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-1649-2019, 2019
                            S. Huang, F. Nex, Y. Lin, and M. Y. Yang
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 35–42, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-35-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-35-2019, 2019
                            E. Özdemir and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 103–110, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-103-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-103-2019, 2019
                            I. Toschi, D. Morabito, E. Grilli, F. Remondino, C. Carlevaro, A. Cappellotto, G. Tamagni, and M. Maffeis
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 119–126, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-119-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-119-2019, 2019
                            F. Nex
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 163–164, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-163-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-163-2019, 2019
                            H. K. Palanirajan, B. Alsadik, F. Nex, and S. Oude Elberink
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 495–502, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-495-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-495-2019, 2019
                            C. Stöcker, F. Nex, M. Koeva, and M. Gerke
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 613–617, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-613-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-613-2019, 2019
                            D. Stroppiana, M. Pepe, M. Boschetti, A. Crema, G. Candiani, D. Giordan, M. Baldo, P. Allasia, and L. Monopoli
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 619–624, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-619-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-619-2019, 2019
                            D. Duarte, F. Nex, N. Kerle, and G. Vosselman
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2-W5, 29–36, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-29-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-29-2019, 2019
                            F. Nex
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2-W5, 85–86, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-85-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-85-2019, 2019
                            F. Menna, A. Torresani, E. Nocerino, M. M. Nawaf, J. Seinturier, F. Remondino, P. Drap, and B. Chemisky
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W10, 127–134, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W10-127-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W10-127-2019, 2019
                            Michele Santangelo, Massimiliano Alvioli, Marco Baldo, Mauro Cardinali, Daniele Giordan, Fausto Guzzetti, Ivan Marchesini, and Paola Reichenbach
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 325–335, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-325-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-325-2019, 2019
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                The paper discusses the use of rockfall modelling software and photogrammetry applied to images acquired by RPAS to provide support to civil protection agencies during emergency response. The paper focuses on a procedure that was applied to define the residual rockfall risk for a road that was hit by an earthquake-triggered rockfall that occurred during the seismic sequence that hit central Italy on 24 August 2016. Road reopening conditions were decided based on the results of this study.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        E. M. Farella, A. Torresani, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W9, 339–346, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W9-339-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W9-339-2019, 2019
                            V. V. Kniaz, F. Remondino, and V. A. Knyaz
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W9, 403–408, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W9-403-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W9-403-2019, 2019
                            E.-K. Stathopoulou and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W9, 685–690, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W9-685-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W9-685-2019, 2019
                            Daniele Giordan, Yuichi S. Hayakawa, Francesco Nex, and Paolo Tarolli
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3085–3087, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-3085-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-3085-2018, 2018
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                In the special issue 
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        The use of remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) in monitoring applications and management of natural hazardswe propose a collection of papers that provide a critical description of the state of the art in the use of RPAS for different scenarios. In particular, the sequence of papers can be considered an exhaustive representation of the state of the art of the methodologies and approaches applied to the study and management of natural hazards.
I. Toschi, F. Remondino, R. Rothe, and K. Klimek
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-1, 437–444, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-437-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-437-2018, 2018
                            A. Nowacka and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4, 467–474, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-467-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-467-2018, 2018
                            E. Özdemir and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4-W10, 135–142, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W10-135-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W10-135-2018, 2018
                            Johnny Cusicanqui, Norman Kerle, and Francesco Nex
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1583–1598, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1583-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1583-2018, 2018
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Aerial multi-perspective images can be used for the effective assessment of post-disaster structural damage. Alternatively, rapidly available video data can be processed for the same purpose. However, video quality characteristics are different than those of images taken with still cameras. The use of video data in post-disaster damage assessment has not been demonstrated. Based on a comparative assessment, our findings support the application of video data in post-disaster damage assessment.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Daniele Giordan, Davide Notti, Alfredo Villa, Francesco Zucca, Fabiana Calò, Antonio Pepe, Furio Dutto, Paolo Pari, Marco Baldo, and Paolo Allasia
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1493–1516, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1493-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1493-2018, 2018
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                We present a multiscale and multi-sensor methodology for flood mapping using free or low-cost data. We first mapped flooded areas at basin scale using free satellite data using both SAR and multispectral sensors. At local scale we refine mapping using very high-resolution images from Remotely Piloted Aerial System and terrestrial car camera, then we used these data to create 3-D model with structure from motion (SfM). All these data allowed creating accurate flooded area and water depth maps.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        D. Abate, I. Toschi, C. Sturdy-Colls, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-1-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-1-2018, 2018
                            A. Dhanda, F. Remondino, and M. Santana Quintero
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 297–302, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-297-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-297-2018, 2018
                            E. Grilli, D. Dininno, G. Petrucci, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 399–406, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-399-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-399-2018, 2018
                            P. Jende, F. Nex, M. Gerke, and G. Vosselman
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 471–477, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-471-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-471-2018, 2018
                            S. Makuti, F. Nex, and M. Y. Yang
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 651–658, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-651-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-651-2018, 2018
                            F. Menna, E. Nocerino, P. Drap, F. Remondino, A. Murtiyoso, P. Grussenmeyer, and N. Börlin
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 699–705, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-699-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-699-2018, 2018
                            E. Nocerino, D. H. Rieke-Zapp, E. Trinkl, R. Rosenbauer, E. M. Farella, D. Morabito, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 773–780, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-773-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-773-2018, 2018
                            Y. Tefera, F. Poiesi, D. Morabito, F. Remondino, E. Nocerino, and P. Chippendale
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 1097–1103, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-1097-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-1097-2018, 2018
                            T. Zieher, I. Toschi, F. Remondino, M. Rutzinger, Ch. Kofler, A. Mejia-Aguilar, and R. Schlögel
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2, 1243–1250, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-1243-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-1243-2018, 2018
                            D. Duarte, F. Nex, N. Kerle, and G. Vosselman
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2, 89–96, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-89-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-89-2018, 2018
                            Y. Lin, F. Nex, and M. Y. Yang
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2, 209–216, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-209-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-209-2018, 2018
                            I. Toschi, M. Allocca, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-3-W4, 505–512, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W4-505-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W4-505-2018, 2018
                            Yuichi S. Hayakawa, Hidetsugu Yoshida, Hiroyuki Obanawa, Ryutaro Naruhashi, Koji Okumura, Masumi Zaiki, and Ryoichi Kontani
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 429–444, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-429-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-429-2018, 2018
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                                                This study assesses the applicability of the RPAS-based photogrammetric approach for a high-definition geomorphometry of hummocks, i.e., characteristic morphological features in the surface of debris avalanche deposits caused by a gigantic sector collapse of a volcanic mountain body. Satellite-based topographic data were also utilized to estimate the source volume of the sector collapse. We provide new, detailed insights into the characteristics of the debris avalanche and potential hazards.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Federica Fiorucci, Daniele Giordan, Michele Santangelo, Furio Dutto, Mauro Rossi, and Fausto Guzzetti
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 405–417, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-405-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-405-2018, 2018
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                                                This paper describes the criteria for the optimal selection of remote sensing images to map event landslides, discussing the ability of monoscopic and stereoscopic VHR satellite images and ultra-high-resolution UAV images to resolve the landslide photographical and morphological signatures. The findings can be useful to decide on the optimal imagery and technique to be used when planning the production of a landslide inventory map.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Fumitoshi Imaizumi, Yuichi S. Hayakawa, Norifumi Hotta, Haruka Tsunetaka, Okihiro Ohsaka, and Satoshi Tsuchiya
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1923–1938, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1923-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1923-2017, 2017
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                                                Debris flow characteristics in the initiation zones are poorly understood because of the difficulty in monitoring. We studied the relationship between the flow characteristics and the accumulation conditions of the storage in an initiation zone of debris flow. Our study clarified that both partly and fully saturated flows are important processes in the initiation zones of debris flow. The predominant type of flow varied temporally and was affected by the volume of storage and rainfall patterns.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        E. Nocerino, F. Poiesi, A. Locher, Y. T. Tefera, F. Remondino, P. Chippendale, and L. Van Gool
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W8, 187–194, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W8-187-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W8-187-2017, 2017
                            D. Abate, I. Toschi, C. Sturdy-Colls, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W8, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W8-1-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W8-1-2017, 2017
                            F. Menna, E. Nocerino, D. Morabito, E. M. Farella, M. Perini, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W8, 155–162, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W8-155-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W8-155-2017, 2017
                            E. Nocerino, M. Dubbini, F. Menna, F. Remondino, M. Gattelli, and D. Covi
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-3-W3, 149–156, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W3-149-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W3-149-2017, 2017
                            C. Stöcker, F. Nex, M. Koeva, and M. Gerke
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W6, 355–361, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W6-355-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W6-355-2017, 2017
                            F. Remondino, E. Nocerino, I. Toschi, and F. Menna
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W5, 591–599, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W5-591-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W5-591-2017, 2017
                            E. Nocerino, F. Menna, D. Morabito, F. Remondino, I. Toschi, D. Abate, D. Ebolese, E. Farella, F. Fiorillo, S. Minto, P. Rodríguez-Gonzálvez, C. Slongo, and M. G. Speraj
                                    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2-W2, 179–186, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W2-179-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W2-179-2017, 2017
                            K. Pawłuszek, A. Borkowski, and P. Tarolli
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-1-W1, 83–90, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-83-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-83-2017, 2017
                            P. Jende, F. Nex, M. Gerke, and G. Vosselman
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-1-W1, 317–323, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-317-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-317-2017, 2017
                            D. Poli, K. Moe, K. Legat, I. Toschi, F. Lago, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-1-W1, 493–498, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-493-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-493-2017, 2017
                            I. Toschi, E. Nocerino, F. Remondino, A. Revolti, G. Soria, and S. Piffer
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-1-W1, 527–534, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-527-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-1-W1-527-2017, 2017
                            E. Grilli, F. Menna, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W3, 339–344, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-339-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-339-2017, 2017
                            D. González-Aguilera, L. López-Fernández, P. Rodriguez-Gonzalvez, D. Guerrero, D. Hernandez-Lopez, F. Remondino, F. Menna, E. Nocerino, I. Toschi, A. Ballabeni, and M. Gaiani
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLI-B6, 31–38, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B6-31-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B6-31-2016, 2016
                            E. Farella, F. Menna, E. Nocerino, D. Morabito, F. Remondino, and M. Campi
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLI-B5, 255–262, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B5-255-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B5-255-2016, 2016
                            F. Remondino, I. Toschi, M. Gerke, F. Nex, D. Holland, A. McGill, J. Talaya Lopez, and A. Magarinos
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLI-B4, 639–645, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B4-639-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B4-639-2016, 2016
                            Livia Piermattei, Luca Carturan, Fabrizio de Blasi, Paolo Tarolli, Giancarlo Dalla Fontana, Antonio Vettore, and Norbert Pfeifer
                                    Earth Surf. Dynam., 4, 425–443, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-425-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-425-2016, 2016
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                                                We investigated the applicability of the SfM–MVS approach for calculating the geodetic mass balance of a glacier and for the detection of the surface displacement rate of an active rock glacier located in the eastern Italian Alps. The results demonstrate that it is possible to reliably quantify the investigated glacial and periglacial processes by means of a quick ground-based photogrammetric survey that was conducted using a consumer grade SRL camera and natural targets as ground control points.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        M. Gerke, F. Nex, and P. Jende
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XL-3-W4, 11–18, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XL-3-W4-11-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XL-3-W4-11-2016, 2016
                            E. Nocerino, F. Menna, F. Fassi, and F. Remondino
                                    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XL-3-W4, 127–134, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XL-3-W4-127-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XL-3-W4-127-2016, 2016
                            D. Giordan, A. Manconi, P. Allasia, and D. Bertolo
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2009–2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2009-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2009-2015, 2015
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                                                Straightforward communication of monitoring results is of major importance in emergency scenarios relevant to large slope instabilities. Here we describe the communication strategy developed for the Mont de La Saxe case study, a large rockslide threatening La Palud and Entrèves hamlets in the Courmayeur municipality (Aosta Valley, Italy).
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        A. Manconi and D. Giordan
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1639–1644, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1639-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1639-2015, 2015
                            D. Giordan, A. Manconi, A. Facello, M. Baldo, F. dell'Anese, P. Allasia, and F. Dutto
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 163–169, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-163-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-163-2015, 2015
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                                                In recent years, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in civilian/commercial contexts is becoming increasingly common, also for the applications concerning the anthropic and natural disasters. In this paper, we present the first results of a research project aimed at defining a possible methodology for the use of micro-UAVs in emergency scenarios relevant to rockfall phenomena.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        D. Penna, M. Borga, G. T. Aronica, G. Brigandì, and P. Tarolli
                                    Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2127–2139, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2127-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2127-2014, 2014
                            Related subject area
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                                Modeling regional production capacity loss rates considering response bias: insights from a questionnaire survey on the Zhengzhou flood
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Warnings based on risk matrices: a coherent framework with consistent evaluation
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Invited perspectives: Advancing knowledge co-creation in drought impact studies
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                How does perceived heat stress differ between urban forms and human vulnerability profiles? Case study Berlin
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
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        Lijiao Yang, Yan Luo, Zilong Li, and Xinyu Jiang
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2717–2730, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2717-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2717-2025, 2025
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                                                This study proposes a response-bias-tolerant methodology for estimating the production capacity loss rate (PCLR), which addresses response bias in extreme flood scenarios and considers the distribution characteristics of PCLR under different damage states. The core value of this study is to provide a competing and promising input in economic modeling, such as input–output and computable general equilibrium models.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Robert J. Taggart and David J. Wilke
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2657–2677, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2657-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2657-2025, 2025
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                                                Our research presents a new method for determining warning levels for any hazard. Using risk matrices, our framework addresses issues found in other approaches. Illustrative examples demonstrate how the approach works. A powerful method for evaluating warning accuracy is given, allowing for a cycle of continuous improvement in warning services. This research is relevant to a broad audience, from those who develop forecast systems to practitioners who issue or communicate warnings.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Silvia De Angeli, Lorenzo Villani, Giulio Castelli, Maria Rusca, Giorgio Boni, Elena Bresci, and Luigi Piemontese
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2571–2589, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2571-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2571-2025, 2025
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                                                Despite transdisciplinary approaches being increasingly explored to study droughts and their impacts, their depth and breadth are yet to be fully exploited. By integrating insights from different research fields, we present five key dimensions to deepen and broaden the knowledge co-creation process for drought impact studies. Emphasizing social dynamics and power imbalances, we support hydrologists in developing more integrated, power-sensitive, inclusive, situated, and reflexive studies.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Nimra Iqbal, Marvin Ravan, Zina Mitraka, Joern Birkmann, Sue Grimmond, Denise Hertwig, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Giorgos Somarakis, Angela Wendnagel-Beck, and Emmanouil Panagiotakis
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2481–2502, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2481-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2481-2025, 2025
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                                                This work deepens the understanding of how perceived heat stress, human vulnerability (e.g. age, income) and adaptive capacities (e.g. green, shaded spaces) are coupled with urban structures. The results show that perceived heat stress decreases with distance from the urban center, however, human vulnerability and adaptive capacities depend more strongly on inner variations and differences between urban structures. Planning policies and adaptation strategies should account for these differences.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Anna Buch, Dominik Paprotny, Kasra Rafiezadeh Shahi, Heidi Kreibich, and Nivedita Sairam
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2437–2453, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2437-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2437-2025, 2025
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                                                Many households in Vietnam depend on revenue from micro-businesses (shop houses). However, losses caused by regular flooding are not modelled. Business turnover, building age, and water depth were found to be the main drivers of flood losses of micro-businesses. We built and validated probabilistic models (non-parametric Bayesian networks) that estimate flood losses of micro-businesses. The results help with flood risk management and adaption decision making for micro-businesses.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Sébastien Dujardin, Dorian Arifi, Sebastian Schmidt, Catherine Linard, and Bernd Resch
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2351–2369, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2351-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2351-2025, 2025
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                                                Our research explores how social media can help understand public responses to floods, focusing on the 2021 western European flood. We found that discussions varied by location and flood impact: in-disaster concerns were more common in severely affected upstream areas, while post-disaster topics dominated downstream. Findings show the potential of social media for improving disaster coordination along cross-border rivers in time-sensitive situations.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Ilyas Masih
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2155–2178, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2155-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2155-2025, 2025
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                                                This study evaluates 12 sets of drought policy and planning guidelines for their alignment with the four priority areas of the SENDAI framework. The guidelines do not align very well with the contemporary disaster risk reduction agenda. The study highlights strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats and provides useful insights to develop the next generation of drought guidelines that are better aligned with contemporary science–policy–practice agendas.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Alessa Truedinger, Joern Birkmann, Mark Fleischhauer, and Celso Ferreira
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2097–2113, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2097-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2097-2025, 2025
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                                                In post-disaster reconstruction, emphasis should be placed on critical and sensitive infrastructures. In Germany, as in other countries, sensitive infrastructures have not yet been focused on; therefore, we developed a method for determining the risk that sensitive infrastructures are facing in the context of riverine and pluvial flooding. The easy-to-use assessment framework can be applied to various sensitive infrastructures, e.g., to qualify and accelerate decisions in the reconstruction process.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Mansi Nagpal, Jasmin Heilemann, Luis Samaniego, Bernd Klauer, Erik Gawel, and Christian Klassert
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2115–2135, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2115-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2115-2025, 2025
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                                                This study measures the direct effects of droughts in association with other extreme weather events on agriculture in Germany at the district level. Using a statistical yield model, we quantify the direct damage of extremes on crop yields and farm revenue. Extreme events during drought cause an average annual damage of EUR  781 million, accounting for 45 % of reported revenue losses. The insights herein can help develop better strategies for managing and mitigating the effects of future climate extremes.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Nicole van Maanen, Joël J.-F. G. De Plaen, Timothy Tiggeloven, Maria Luisa Colmenares, Philip J. Ward, Paolo Scussolini, and Elco Koks
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2075–2080, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2075-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2075-2025, 2025
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                                                Understanding coastal flood protection is vital for assessing risks from natural disasters and climate change. However, current global data on coastal flood protection are limited and based on simplified assumptions, leading to potential uncertainties in risk estimates. As a step in this direction, we propose a comprehensive dataset, COASTtal flood PROtection Standards within EUrope (COASTPROS-EU), which compiles coastal flood protection standards in Europe.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Bektaş Sarı
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2031–2043, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2031-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2031-2025, 2025
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                                                After the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, the Turkish Government mobilized all available resources, ensured regular information updates, and deployed a significant number of rescue personnel to the affected areas. However, the scale of this devastating disaster, resulting in the loss of over 50 000 lives, underscores the critical importance of building earthquake-resistant structures as the most effective means to mitigate such calamities.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Louise Cavalcante, David W. Walker, Sarra Kchouk, Germano Ribeiro Neto, Taís Maria Nunes Carvalho, Mariana Madruga de Brito, Wieke Pot, Art Dewulf, and Pieter R. van Oel
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1993–2005, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1993-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1993-2025, 2025
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                                            Drought affects not only water availability but also agriculture, the economy, and communities. This study explores how public policies help reduce these impacts in Ceará, Northeast Brazil. Using qualitative drought monitoring data, interviews, and policy analysis, we found that policies supporting local economies help lessen drought effects. However, most reported impacts are still related to water shortages, showing the need for broader strategies beyond water supply investment.
Sophie Kaashoek, Žiga Malek, Nadia Bloemendaal, and Marleen C. de Ruiter
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1963–1974, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1963-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1963-2025, 2025
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                                                Tropical storms are expected to get stronger all over the world, and this will have a big impact on people, buildings and important activities like growing bananas. Already, in different parts of the world, banana farms are being hurt by these storms, which makes banana prices go up and affects the people who grow them. We are not sure how these storms will affect bananas everywhere in the future. We assessed what happened to banana farms during storms in different parts of the world.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Nicoletta Nappo and Mandy Korff
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1811–1839, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1811-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1811-2025, 2025
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                                                Cities in coastal and delta areas need effective engineering techniques to counteract subsidence and its damage. This paper presents a framework for choosing these techniques using a decision tree and four performance parameters. This procedure was tested on various cases representative of different scenarios. This demonstrated the potential of this method for initial screenings of techniques which site-specific assessments should always follow.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Raquel Guimaraes, Reinhard Mechler, Stefan Velev, and Dipesh Chapagain
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1947, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1947, 2025
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                                                This study explores how communities can better protect people's lives and health during floods. By looking at 66 communities in seven countries, we found that strong social ties and preparedness before disasters helped reduce injuries and deaths. However, some environmental efforts didn't show clear health benefits, especially in degraded areas. Our research highlights how early planning and strong local networks can make a real difference during crises.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Annika Schubert, Anne von Streit, and Matthias Garschagen
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1621–1653, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1621-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1621-2025, 2025
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                                                Households play a crucial role in climate adaptation efforts. Yet, households require capacities to implement measures. We explore which capacities enable German households to adapt to flooding. Our results indicate that flood-related capacities such as risk perception, responsibility appraisal, and motivation are pivotal, whereas financial assets are secondary. Enhancing these specific capacities, e.g. through collaborations between households and municipalities, could promote local adaptation.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Joanna M. McMillan, Franziska Göttsche, Joern Birkmann, Rainer Kapp, Corinna Schmidt, Britta Weisser, and Ali Jamshed
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1573–1596, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1573-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1573-2025, 2025
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                                                Adapting to climate extremes is a challenge for spatial planning. Risk maps that include not just a consideration of hazards but also social vulnerability can help. We develop social vulnerability maps for the Stuttgart region, Germany. We show the maps, describe how and why we developed them, and provide an analysis of practitioners' needs and their feedback. Insights presented in this paper can help to improve map usability and to better link research and planning practice.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        André Felipe Rocha Silva, Julian Cardoso Eleutério, Heiko Apel, and Heidi Kreibich
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1501–1520, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1501-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1501-2025, 2025
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                                                This work uses agent-based modelling to evaluate the impact of flood warning and evacuation systems on human losses during the 2021 Ahr Valley flood in Germany. While the first flood warning with evacuation instructions is identified as timely, its lack of detail and effectiveness resulted in low public risk awareness. Better dissemination of warnings and improved risk perception and preparedness among the population could reduce casualties by up to 80 %.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Núria Pantaleoni Reluy, Marcel Hürlimann, and Nieves Lantada
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1009, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1009, 2025
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                                                Spain combines public funds with a state-backed insurance program for natural disaster recovery. Our study examines Storm Gloria, which struck Catalonia in 2020, causing severe damage. By systematically collecting and classifying direct losses, we offer insights into the role of government interventions in disaster response, define multi-hazard municipalities based on a loss database, and provide initial insights into loss assessments relative to annual occurrence probability.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Dina Vanessa Gomez Rave, Anna Scolobig, and Manuel del Jesus
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-262, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-262, 2025
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                                                This study examines how preparedness strategies for compound flooding in coastal areas are evolving. These events arise from the interaction of drivers such as storm surges, heavy rainfall, and river discharge, amplifying risks for communities. The research highlights advancements in technical, environmental, and social approaches, alongside the role of governance and collaboration. By addressing these complexities, the study identifies pathways to foster resilience.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Maurice W. M. L. Kalthof, Jens de Bruijn, Hans de Moel, Heidi Kreibich, and Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1013–1035, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1013-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-1013-2025, 2025
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                                                Our study explores how farmers in India's Bhima basin respond to consecutive droughts. We simulated farmers' individual choices – like changing crops or digging wells – and their effects on profits, yields, and water resources. Results show these adaptations, while improving incomes, ultimately increase drought vulnerability and damage. Such insights emphasize the need for alternative adaptations and highlight the value of socio-hydrological models in shaping policies to lessen drought impacts.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Gabriella Tocchi, Massimiliano Pittore, and Maria Polese
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-908, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-908, 2025
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                                                This study identifies different types of urban areas in Italy based on population, location, and economic conditions to understand their vulnerability to risks. Using public data and clustering methods, it defines 18 urban archetypes. These archetypes provide a structured understanding of urban vulnerability, helping policymakers assess disaster risk, allocate adaptation funding, and design targeted resilience strategies for urban settlements at regional and national scales.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Nadja Veigel, Heidi Kreibich, Jens A. de Bruijn, Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts, and Andrea Cominola
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 879–891, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-879-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-879-2025, 2025
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                                                This study explores how social media, specifically Twitter (X), can help us understand public reactions to floods in Germany from 2014 to 2021. Using large language models, we extract topics and patterns of behavior from flood-related tweets. The findings offer insights to improve communication and disaster management. Topics related to low-impact flooding contain descriptive hazard-related content, while the focus shifts to catastrophic impacts and responsibilities during high-impact events.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Fangyu Tian, Yun Su, Xudong Chen, and Le Tao
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 591–607, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-591-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-591-2025, 2025
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                                                This study developed a model of extreme drought-induced famine processes and response mechanisms in ancient China. The spatial distribution of drought and famine during the Chenghua drought and the Wanli drought was constructed. By categorizing drought-affected counties into three types, a comparative analysis of the differences in famine severity and response effectiveness between the Chenghua and Wanli droughts was conducted.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Gabriele Bertoli, Chiara Arrighi, and Enrica Caporali
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 565–580, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-565-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-565-2025, 2025
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                                                Environmental assets are crucial to sustaining and fulfilling life on Earth via ecosystem services (ESs). Studying their flood risk is thus seminal, in addition to being required by several norms. However, this field is not yet adequately developed. We studied the exposure component of flood risk and developed an evaluating methodology based on the ESs provided by environmental assets to discern assets and areas that are more important than others with metrics suitable to large-scale studies.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Duanyang Liu, Tian Jing, Mingyue Yan, Ismail Gultepe, Yunxuan Bao, Hongbin Wang, and Fan Zu
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 493–513, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-493-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-493-2025, 2025
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                                                Highway-blocking events are characterized by diurnal variation. A classification method of severity levels of highway blocking is catagorized into five levels. The severity levels of highway blocking due to high-impact weather are evaluated. A method for calculating the degree of highway load in China is proposed. A quantitative assessment of the losses of highway blocking due to dense fog is conducted. The highway losses caused by dense fog are concentrated in North, East, and Southwest China.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Alexandre Dunant, Tom R. Robinson, Alexander L. Densmore, Nick J. Rosser, Ragindra Man Rajbhandari, Mark Kincey, Sihan Li, Prem Raj Awasthi, Max Van Wyk de Vries, Ramesh Guragain, Erin Harvey, and Simon Dadson
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 267–285, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-267-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-267-2025, 2025
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                                                Natural hazards like earthquakes often trigger other disasters, such as landslides, creating complex chains of impacts. We developed a risk model using a mathematical approach called hypergraphs to efficiently measure the impact of interconnected hazards. We showed that it can predict broad patterns of damage to buildings and roads from the 2015 Nepal earthquake. The model's efficiency allows it to generate multiple disaster scenarios, even at a national scale, to support preparedness plans.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Cees Oerlemans, Martine van den Boomen, Ties Rijcken, and Matthijs Kok
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2910, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2910, 2025
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                                                This study analyzes flood exposure in Rotterdam's unembanked areas from 1970 to 2150, exploring the interplay between rising sea levels, urban development, and flood protection measures. Without measures, flood exposure will increase, especially after 2100. The Maeslant storm surge barrier had the most impact on flood exposure, followed by urban development and sea level rise. Varied exposure levels across neighborhoods suggest the need for localized adaptation strategies.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Harikesan Baskaran, Ioanna Ioannou, Tiziana Rossetto, Jonas Cels, Mathis Joffrain, Nicolas Mortegoutte, Aurelie Fallon Saint-Lo, and Catalina Spataru
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 49–76, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-49-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-49-2025, 2025
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                                                There is a global need for insuring green economy assets against natural hazard events. But their complexity and low exposure history mean the data required for vulnerability evaluation by the insurance industry are scarce. A systematic literature review is conducted in this study to determine the suitability of current published literature for this purpose. Knowledge gaps are charted, and a representative asset–hazard taxonomy is proposed to guide future quantitative research.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Neal Hughes, Donald Gaydon, Mihir Gupta, Andrew Schepen, Peter Tan, Geoffrey Brent, Andrew Turner, Sean Bellew, Wei Ying Soh, Christopher Sharman, Peter Taylor, John Carter, Dorine Bruget, Zvi Hochman, Ross Searle, Yong Song, Heidi Horan, Patrick Mitchell, Yacob Beletse, Dean Holzworth, Laura Guillory, Connor Brodie, Jonathon McComb, and Ramneek Singh
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3731, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3731, 2024
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                                                Droughts can impact agriculture and regional economies, and their severity is rising with climate change. Our research introduces a new system, the Australian Agricultural Drought Indicators (AADI), which measures droughts based on their effects on crops, livestock, and farm profits rather than traditional weather metrics. Using climate data and modelling, AADI predicts drought impacts more accurately, helping policymakers prepare and respond to financial and social challenges during droughts.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Gabriela Guimarães Nobre, Jamie Towner, Bernardino Nhantumbo, Célio João da Conceição Marcos Matuele, Isaias Raiva, Massimiliano Pasqui, Sara Quaresima, and Rogério Manuel Lemos Pereira Bonifácio
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4661–4682, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4661-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4661-2024, 2024
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                                                The 
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Ready, Set & Go!system, developed by the World Food Programme and partners, employs seasonal forecasts to tackle droughts in Mozambique. With the Maputo Declaration, efforts to expand early warning systems are aligning with global initiatives for universal protection by 2027. Through advanced forecasting and anticipatory action, it could cover 76 % of districts against severe droughts, reaching 87 % national coverage for the first months of the rainy season.
Elisabeth Schoepfer, Jörn Lauterjung, Torsten Riedlinger, Harald Spahn, Juan Camilo Gómez Zapata, Christian D. León, Hugo Rosero-Velásquez, Sven Harig, Michael Langbein, Nils Brinckmann, Günter Strunz, Christian Geiß, and Hannes Taubenböck
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4631–4660, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4631-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4631-2024, 2024
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                                                In this paper, we provide a brief introduction of the paradigm shift from managing disasters to managing risks, followed by single-hazard to multi-risk assessment. We highlight four global strategies that address disaster risk reduction and call for action. Subsequently, we present a conceptual approach for multi-risk assessment which was designed to serve potential users like disaster risk managers, urban planners or operators of critical infrastructure to increase their capabilities.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Luciano Pavesi, Elena Volpi, and Aldo Fiori
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4507–4522, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4507-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4507-2024, 2024
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                                                Several sources of uncertainty affect flood risk estimation for reliable assessment for investment, insurance and risk management. Here, we consider the uncertainty of large-scale flood hazard modeling, providing a range of risk values that show significant variability depending on geomorphic factors and land use types. This allows for identifying the critical points where single-value estimates may underestimate the risk and the areas of vulnerability for prioritizing risk reduction efforts.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Tzu-Hsin Karen Chen, Kuan-Hui Elaine Lin, Thung-Hong Lin, Gee-Yu Liu, Chin-Hsun Yeh, and Diana Maria Ceballos
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4457–4471, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4457-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4457-2024, 2024
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                                                This study shows migration patterns to be a critical factor in seismic fatalities. Analyzing the Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, we find that lower income and a higher indigenous population at migrants' origins are correlated with higher fatalities at their destinations. This underscores the need for affordable and safe housing on the outskirts of megacities, where migrants from lower-income and historically marginalized groups are more likely to reside due to precarious employment conditions.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Kushagra Pandey, Jens A. de Bruijn, Hans de Moel, W. J. Wouter Botzen, and Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4409–4429, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4409-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4409-2024, 2024
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                                                As sea levels rise, coastal areas will experience more frequent flooding, and salt water will start seeping into the soil, which is a serious issue for farmers who rely on good soil quality for their crops. Here, we studied coastal Mozambique to understand the risks from sea level rise and flooding by looking at how salt intrusion affects farming and how floods damage buildings. We find that 15 %–21 % of coastal households will adapt and 13 %–20 % will migrate to inland areas in the future.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Saskia Arndt and Stefan Heiland
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4369–4383, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4369-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4369-2024, 2024
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                                                This study provides an overview of the current status of climate change adaptation in plans for water management, spatial planning and landscape planning in the Spree river basin. Only 39 % of 28 plans analysed specify objectives and measures for adaptation to climate change. To fill this gap, more frequent updates of plans, a stronger focus on multifunctional measures, and the adaptation of best-practice examples for systematic integration of climate change impacts and adaptation are needed.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Laura T. Massano, Giorgia Fosser, Marco Gaetani, and Cécile Caillaud
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4293–4315, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4293-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4293-2024, 2024
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                                                Traditional wine-growing regions are threatened by expected climate change. Climate models and observations are used to calculate bioclimatic indices based on both temperature and precipitation. These indices are correlated with grape productivity in two wine-growing regions in Italy. This analysis paves the way for using climate models to study how climate change will affect wine production in the future.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        María-Paz Reyes-Hardy, Luigia Sara Di Maio, Lucia Dominguez, Corine Frischknecht, Sébastien Biass, Leticia Freitas Guimarães, Amiel Nieto-Torres, Manuela Elissondo, Gabriela Pedreros, Rigoberto Aguilar, Álvaro Amigo, Sebastián García, Pablo Forte, and Costanza Bonadonna
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4267–4291, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4267-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4267-2024, 2024
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                                                The Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes (CVZA) spans four countries with 59 volcanoes. We identify those with the most intense and frequent eruptions and the highest potential impact that require risk mitigation actions. Using multiple risk factors, we encourage the use of regional volcanic risk assessments to analyse the level of preparedness especially of transboundary volcanoes. We hope that our work will motivate further collaborative studies and promote cooperation between CVZA countries.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Mario A. Salgado-Gálvez, Mario Ordaz, Benjamín Huerta, Osvaldo Garay, Carlos Avelar, Ettore Fagà, Mohsen Kohrangi, Paola Ceresa, Georgios Triantafyllou, and Ulugbek T. Begaliev
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3851–3868, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3851-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3851-2024, 2024
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                                                Central Asia is prone to earthquake losses, which can heavily impact different types of assets. This paper presents the details of a probabilistic earthquake risk model which made use of a regionally consistent approach to assess feasible earthquake losses in five countries. Results are presented in terms of commonly used risk metrics, which are aimed at facilitating a policy dialogue regarding different disaster risk management strategies, from risk mitigation to disaster risk financing.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Zhuyu Yang, Bruno Barroca, Ahmed Mebarki, Katia Laffréchine, Hélène Dolidon, and Lionel Lilas
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3723–3753, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3723-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3723-2024, 2024
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                                                To integrate resilience assessment into practical management, this study designs a step-by-step guide that enables managers of critical infrastructure (CI)  to create specific indicator systems tailored to real cases. This guide considers the consequences of hazards to CI and the cost–benefit analysis and side effects of implementable actions. The assessment results assist managers, as they are based on a multi-criterion framework that addresses several factors valued in practical management.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Natalie Piazza, Luca Malanchini, Edoardo Nevola, and Giorgio Vacchiano
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3579–3595, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3579-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3579-2024, 2024
                                    Short summary
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                                                Natural disturbances are projected to intensify in the future, threatening our forests and their functions such as wood production, protection against natural hazards, and carbon sequestration. By assessing risks to forests from wind and fire damage, alongside the vulnerability of carbon, it is possible to prioritize forest stands at high risk. In this study, we propose a novel methodological approach to support climate-smart forest management and inform better decision-making.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Peng Zou, Gang Luo, Yuzhang Bi, and Hanhua Xu
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3497–3517, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3497-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3497-2024, 2024
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                                                The pile–slab retaining wall, an innovative rockfall shield, is widely used in China's western mountains. However, its dynamic impact response and resistance remain unclear due to structural complexity. A comprehensive dynamic analysis of the structure, under various impacts, was done using the finite-element method. The maximum impact energy that the structure can withstand is 905 kJ, and various indexes were obtained.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Tamir Grodek and Gerardo Benito
                                        Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2024-171, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2024-171, 2024
                                    Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS 
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                                                Check dams, terraces, and trees on steep basins serve to retain sediments, thereby protecting urbanized alluvial fan canals and levees from flooding. However, their effectiveness gradually decreases over time due to sedimentation and aging, which may lead to catastrophic breaching floods. To enhance urban resilience, we propose preserving natural mountain basins and allocating 20–30 % of the alluvial fan for channel migration and sediment deposition corridors.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Zezhao Liu, Jiahui Yang, and Cong Wu
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2343, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2343, 2024
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                                                We construct an indicator-based framework, and assess urban resilience to typhoon in China’s contexts for the seven major river basins. Results verified the heterogeneity, and the resilience level in certain circumstance was not matched with city strength of economy. The analysis is helpful for government to enhance capability of resilience in specific dimensions, and provides a reference in probing urban resilience assessment confronting typhoon.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Jamir Priesner, Boris Sakschewski, Maik Billing, Werner von Bloh, Sebastian Fiedler, Sarah Bereswill, Kirsten Thonicke, and Britta Tietjen
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3066, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3066, 2024
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                                                Our simulations suggest that increased drought frequencies lead to a drastic reduction in biomass in pine monoculture and mixed forest. Mixed forest eventually recovered, as long as drought frequencies was not too high. The higher resilience of mixed forests was due to higher adaptive capacity. After adaptation mixed forests were mainly composed of smaller, broad-leaved trees with higher wood density and slower growth.This would have strong implications for forestry and other ecosystem services.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Cassiano Bastos Moroz and Annegret H. Thieken
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3299–3314, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3299-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3299-2024, 2024
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                                                We evaluate the influence of urban processes on the impacts of the 2023 disaster that hit the North Coast of São Paulo, Brazil. The impacts of the disaster were largely associated with rapid urban expansion over the last 3 decades, with a recent occupation of risky areas. Moreover, lower-income neighborhoods were considerably more severely impacted, which evidences their increased exposure to such events. These results highlight the strong association between disaster risk and urban poverty.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Elin Stenfors, Malgorzata Blicharska, Thomas Grabs, and Claudia Teutschbein
                                        EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2726, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2726, 2024
                                    Short summary
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                                                Utilizing a survey including respondents from seven societal sectors, the role of water dependency for drought vulnerability was explored. Differences were found in the perceived impact of vulnerability factors on drought risk in relation to water dependency (i.e., dependency on either soil moisture, or groundwater and surface water). The results highlight the importance of accounting for water dependency, and to clearly define the drought hazard, in drought vulnerability or risk assessments.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Andra-Cosmina Albulescu and Iuliana Armaș
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2895–2922, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2895-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2895-2024, 2024
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                                                This study delves into the dynamics of vulnerability within a multi-hazard context, proposing an enhanced impact-chain-based framework that analyses the augmentation of vulnerability. The case study refers to the flood events and the COVID-19 pandemic that affected Romania (2020–2021). The impact chain shows that (1) the unforeseen implications of impacts, (2) the wrongful action of adaptation options, and (3) inaction can form the basis for increased vulnerability.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Marie-Luise Zenker, Philip Bubeck, and Annegret H. Thieken
                                    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2837–2856, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2837-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2837-2024, 2024
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                                                Despite the visible flood damage, mental health is a growing concern. Yet, there is limited data in Germany on mental health impacts after floods. A survey in a heavily affected region revealed that 28 % of respondents showed signs of post-traumatic stress disorder 1 year later. Risk factors include gender, serious injury or illness due to flooding, and feeling left alone to cope with impacts. The study highlights the need for tailored mental health support for flood-affected populations.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
                                        Kai Schröter, Pia-Johanna Schweizer, Benedikt Gräler, Lydia Cumiskey, Sukaina Bharwani, Janne Parviainen, Chahan Kropf, Viktor Wattin Hakansson, Martin Drews, Tracy Irvine, Clarissa Dondi, Heiko Apel, Jana Löhrlein, Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler, Stefano Bagli, Levente Huszti, Christopher Genillard, Silvia Unguendoli, and Max Steinhausen
                                        Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2024-135, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2024-135, 2024
                                    Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS 
                                    Short summary
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                                                With the increasing negative impacts of extreme weather events globally, it's crucial to align efforts to manage disasters with measures to adapt to climate change. We identify challenges in systems and organizations working together. We suggest that collaboration across various fields is essential and propose an approach to improve collaboration, including a framework for better stakeholder engagement and an open-source data system that helps gather and connect important information.
                                            
                                                This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
                                            
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                Short summary
                    Remotely piloted aerial systems can acquire on-demand ultra-high-resolution images that can be used for the identification of active processes like landslides or volcanic activities but also for the definition of effects of earthquakes, wildfires and floods. In this paper, we present a review of published literature that describes experimental methodologies developed for the study and monitoring of natural hazards.
                    Remotely piloted aerial systems can acquire on-demand ultra-high-resolution images that can be...
                    
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