Articles | Volume 26, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-5219-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-5219-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| 
23 Oct 2026
Review article |
| 23 Oct 2026
| 23 Oct 2026
Review article: Climate hazards in African cities – knowledge gaps and research needs
VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Environmental Intelligence Unit, Mol, Belgium
Mohammad H. Alobaidi
Hydraulics Lab, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada
Hossein Bonakdari
Hydraulics Lab, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada
Tomas Crols
VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Environmental Intelligence Unit, Mol, Belgium
Benjamin Lanssens
VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Environmental Intelligence Unit, Mol, Belgium
Jonathan Leon-Tavares
VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Environmental Intelligence Unit, Mol, Belgium
Alireza Naseri
Hydraulics Lab, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada
Ousmane Seidou
Hydraulics Lab, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada
Mohammad Shaheen
Hydraulics Lab, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada
Niels Souverijns
VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Environmental Intelligence Unit, Mol, Belgium
Inge Uljee
VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Environmental Intelligence Unit, Mol, Belgium
Nele Veldeman
VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Environmental Intelligence Unit, Mol, Belgium
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Clément Cherblanc, Charles Amory, Fredrik Boberg, Alexandra Gossart, Nicolaj Hansen, Marte Gé Hofsteenge, Christine Schøtt Hvidberg, Sylvain Marchi, Masashi Niwano, Florian Sauerland, Niels Souverijns, José Abraham Torres-Alavez, Baptiste Vandecrux, Christiaan van Dalum, Willem Jan van de Berg, Nicole van Lipzig, Maurice van Tiggelen, Kristiina Verro, and Ruth Mottram
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4690, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4690, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for The Cryosphere (TC).
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Regional Climate Models are known to improve the modelling of meteorological variables, like snow accumulation, in mountainous areas, relative to coarser global models. It was unclear whether they also improve the modelling over the Antarctic Ice Sheet, which is mostly a nearly flat, high-elevation plateau. We find that Regional Climate Models do perform better than global models on most metrics tested, building trust in the regional models for future Antarctic projections.
Philippe Gamet, Bimal K. Bhattacharya, Jean-Louis Roujean, Gilles Boulet, Corinne Salcedo, Albert Olioso, Kanishka Mallick, Marie Weiss, Emmanuelle Sarrazin, Emmanuelle Autret, Laure Roupioz, José Antonio Sobrino, Olivier Merlin, Ghislain Picard, Thomas H. G. Vidal, Mark Irvine, Rahul Nigam, Mehul Pandya, Simon Gascoin, Sébastien Marcq, Manoj K. Mishra, Emilie Delogu, Vincent Rivalland, Jordi Etchanchu, Jean-Louis Raynaud, Meenakshi Sarkar, Rishi K. Gangwar, Sushil K. Singh, Renaud Binet, Sara Arioli, Hervé Yésou, Isabelle Dadou, Alexei Kouraev, Julien Michel, Benoit Coudert, Samuel Mwangi, Nesrine Farhani, Ayan Das, Stéphane Saux-Picart, Thierry Tormos, Jean-François Piollé, Charles Verpoorter, Auline Rodler, Jonathan Leon Tavares, Jennifer Adams, Anand S. Sahadevan, Besavaraju Santhi Sree, Manikumar Vedantam, Dheeraj Adlakha, Laurence Buffet, Kathrin Naegeli, Itziar Barat, Jerome Demarty, Olivier Hagolle, and Philippe Maisongrande
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4492, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4492, 2026
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This paper highlights how the upcoming TRISHNA satellite mission (launching 2027) will transform Earth observation by providing high-resolution (60 m) thermal infrared imagery with sub-weekly revisits. It details the mission's design and its synergies with other future missions to significantly improve the monitoring of global surface temperature and its dynamics, water stress, and ecosystem energy processes.
Florian Sauerland, Niels Souverijns, Anna Possner, Heike Wex, Preben Van Overmeiren, Alexander Mangold, Kwinten Van Weverberg, and Nicole van Lipzig
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13751–13768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13751-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13751-2024, 2024
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We use a regional climate model, COSMO-CLM², enhanced with a module resolving aerosol processes, to study Antarctic clouds. We prescribe different concentrations of ice-nucleating particles to our model to assess how these clouds respond to concentration changes, validating results with cloud and aerosol observations from the Princess Elisabeth Antarctica station. Our results show that aerosol–cloud interactions vary with temperature, providing valuable insights into Antarctic cloud dynamics.
Zhijun Zhen, Jonathan León-Tavares, Abdelaziz Kallel, Yingjie Wang, Omar Regaieg, Eric Chavanon, Nicolas Lauret, Jordan Guilleux, Johan Hedman, Tiangang Yin, Romain Demoulin, and Jean-Philippe Gastellu-Etchegorry
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-3-2024, 453–461, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-3-2024-453-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-3-2024-453-2024, 2024
Catalina Poraicu, Jean-François Müller, Trissevgeni Stavrakou, Dominique Fonteyn, Frederik Tack, Felix Deutsch, Quentin Laffineur, Roeland Van Malderen, and Nele Veldeman
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 479–508, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-479-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-479-2023, 2023
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High-resolution WRF-Chem simulations are conducted over Antwerp, Belgium, in June 2019 and evaluated using meteorological data and in situ, airborne, and spaceborne NO2 measurements. An intercomparison of model, aircraft, and TROPOMI NO2 columns is conducted to characterize biases in versions 1.3.1 and 2.3.1 of the satellite product. A mass balance method is implemented to provide improved emissions for simulating NO2 distribution over the study area.
Nicolaj Hansen, Sebastian B. Simonsen, Fredrik Boberg, Christoph Kittel, Andrew Orr, Niels Souverijns, J. Melchior van Wessem, and Ruth Mottram
The Cryosphere, 16, 711–718, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-711-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-711-2022, 2022
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We investigate the impact of different ice masks when modelling surface mass balance over Antarctica. We used ice masks and data from five of the most used regional climate models and a common mask. We see large disagreement between the ice masks, which has a large impact on the surface mass balance, especially around the Antarctic Peninsula and some of the largest glaciers. We suggest a solution for creating a new, up-to-date, high-resolution ice mask that can be used in Antarctic modelling.
Charles Pelletier, Thierry Fichefet, Hugues Goosse, Konstanze Haubner, Samuel Helsen, Pierre-Vincent Huot, Christoph Kittel, François Klein, Sébastien Le clec'h, Nicole P. M. van Lipzig, Sylvain Marchi, François Massonnet, Pierre Mathiot, Ehsan Moravveji, Eduardo Moreno-Chamarro, Pablo Ortega, Frank Pattyn, Niels Souverijns, Guillian Van Achter, Sam Vanden Broucke, Alexander Vanhulle, Deborah Verfaillie, and Lars Zipf
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 553–594, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-553-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-553-2022, 2022
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We present PARASO, a circumpolar model for simulating the Antarctic climate. PARASO features five distinct models, each covering different Earth system subcomponents (ice sheet, atmosphere, land, sea ice, ocean). In this technical article, we describe how this tool has been developed, with a focus on the
coupling interfacesrepresenting the feedbacks between the distinct models used for contribution. PARASO is stable and ready to use but is still characterized by significant biases.
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Short summary
This review examined 272 publications on climate hazards in African cities from 2015 to 2025. Research is growing rapidly but concentrates on large cities, flooding and heat. Local observations and city-scale modelling remain limited, and few studies combine future climate change with urban growth. Broader coverage of cities and hazards, improved high-resolution observations and stronger integration of future urban development are needed to support adaptation planning.
This review examined 272 publications on climate hazards in African cities from 2015 to 2025....
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