Articles | Volume 25, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-541-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-541-2025
Research article
 | 
07 Feb 2025
Research article |  | 07 Feb 2025

Compound events in Germany in 2018: drivers and case studies

Elena Xoplaki, Florian Ellsäßer, Jens Grieger, Katrin M. Nissen, Joaquim G. Pinto, Markus Augenstein, Ting-Chen Chen, Hendrik Feldmann, Petra Friederichs, Daniel Gliksman, Laura Goulier, Karsten Haustein, Jens Heinke, Lisa Jach, Florian Knutzen, Stefan Kollet, Jürg Luterbacher, Niklas Luther, Susanna Mohr, Christoph Mudersbach, Christoph Müller, Efi Rousi, Felix Simon, Laura Suarez-Gutierrez, Svenja Szemkus, Sara M. Vallejo-Bernal, Odysseas Vlachopoulos, and Frederik Wolf

Data sets

Cropdata – spatial yield productivity data base for the ten most cultivated crops in Germany from 1989 to 2020 - version 1.0 F. Ellsäßer and E. Xoplaki https://doi.org/10.22029/jlupub-7177

Cropdata – yield anomaly catalogue for the ten most cultivated crops in Germany from 1989 to 2020 - version 1.0 F. Ellsäßer and E. Xoplaki https://doi.org/10.22029/jlupub-7176

Cropdata – supplementary data (for spatial yield productivity data base for the ten most cultivated crops in Germany from 1989 to 2020) - version 1.0 F. Ellsäßer and E. Xoplaki https://doi.org/10.22029/jlupub-7203

ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47

ISIMIP3a atmospheric climate input data (v1.0) S. Lange et al. https://doi.org/10.48364/ISIMIP.982724

ISIMIP3b N-deposition input data (v1.0) J. Yang and H. Tian https://doi.org/10.48364/ISIMIP.600567

ISIMIP3a atmospheric composition input data (v1.2) M. Büchner and C. Reyer https://doi.org/10.48364/ISIMIP.664235.2

E-OBS gridded dataset ECA&D https://www.ecad.eu/download/ensembles/download.php

Open Data Portal - Phenology DWD https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/observations_germany/phenology/

Open Data Portal - Observations DWD https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/observations_germany/climate/

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Short summary
Europe frequently experiences compound events, with major impacts. We investigate these events’ interactions, characteristics, and changes over time, focusing on socio-economic impacts in Germany and central Europe. Highlighting 2018’s extreme events, this study reveals impacts on water, agriculture, and forests and stresses the need for impact-focused definitions and better future risk quantification to support adaptation planning.
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