Articles | Volume 20, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2961-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2961-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Nov 2020
Research article |
| 06 Nov 2020
| 06 Nov 2020
Non-stationary extreme value analysis of ground snow loads in the French Alps: a comparison with building standards
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INRAE, UR ETNA, Grenoble, France
Guillaume Evin
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INRAE, UR ETNA, Grenoble, France
Nicolas Eckert
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INRAE, UR ETNA, Grenoble, France
Juliette Blanchet
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, CNRS, IRD, IGE, Grenoble, France
Samuel Morin
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, CNRM, CEN Grenoble, Grenoble, France
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Cited
25 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Preface: Advances in extreme value analysis and application to natural hazards Y. Hamdi et al. 10.5194/nhess-21-1461-2021
- High-resolution snow depth modeling in South Korea using radar-based precipitation data S. Kim et al. 10.1007/s00477-024-02902-0
- Estimating changes in extreme snow load in Europe as a function of global warming levels G. Evin et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104424
- GNSS signal-based snow water equivalent determination for different snowpack conditions along a steep elevation gradient A. Capelli et al. 10.5194/tc-16-505-2022
- On the nonstationary identification of climate-influenced loads for the semi-probabilistic approach using measured and projected data R. Arnold & M. Kraus 10.1080/23311916.2022.2143061
- Extreme Ground Snow Loads in Europe from 1951 to 2100 P. Croce et al. 10.3390/cli9090133
- Extreme snowfalls and atmospheric circulation patterns in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain) C. García-Hernández & J. López-Moreno 10.1016/j.coldregions.2024.104170
- Back analysis of a building collapse under snow and rain loads in a Mediterranean area I. Ousset et al. 10.5194/nhess-23-3509-2023
- Analysis of Roof Collapse Cases Caused by Snow Loads in Russia (2001–2021) V. Lobkina 10.3390/su132413580
- A non-stationary extreme-value approach for climate projection ensembles: application to snow loads in the French Alps E. Le Roux et al. 10.5194/esd-13-1059-2022
- Sustainable Development Goals and risks: The Yin and the Yang of the paths towards sustainability N. Eckert et al. 10.1007/s13280-022-01800-5
- Investigating Extreme Snowfall Changes in China Based on an Ensemble of High-Resolution Regional Climate Models J. Zhu et al. 10.3390/su15053878
- An Entropy-Based Validation of Threshold Selection Technique for Extreme Value Analysis and Risk Assessment K. Sakthivel & V. Nandhini 10.1134/S1995080224600043
- Analysis of ground snow load for greenhouse structures in Croatia I. Lukačević et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103697
- Methodology for Calculating the Spatial Distribution of Snow Depth in Complex Terrain with Insufficient Meteorological Information: A Case Study for the Anyuy Range G. Pigol’tsina & D. Fasol’ko 10.3103/S1068373922020042
- Projection of snowfall extremes in the French Alps as a function of elevation and global warming level E. Le Roux et al. 10.5194/tc-17-4691-2023
- Towards a reproducible snow load map – an example for Austria H. Schellander et al. 10.5194/asr-18-135-2021
- Semi-probabilistic methods for existing concrete structures under climate change: Review L. Casti et al. 10.1080/15732479.2025.2474691
- Evaluation of Current Trends of Climatic Actions in Europe Based on Observations and Regional Reanalysis P. Croce et al. 10.3390/rs13112025
- A stochastic approach to simulate realistic continuous snow depth time series J. Park & D. Kim 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128980
- Elevation-dependent trends in extreme snowfall in the French Alps from 1959 to 2019 E. Le Roux et al. 10.5194/tc-15-4335-2021
- Non-stationary evaluation of runoff peaks in response to climate variability and land use change in Ferson Creek, Illinois, USA N. Sadra et al. 10.1007/s10661-023-11238-1
- Climate change impacts on snow avalanche activity and related risks N. Eckert et al. 10.1038/s43017-024-00540-2
- Dual-phase threshold selection methodology for modelling extreme events K. Sakthivel & V. Nandhini 10.1177/1471082X241307286
- Climate change impact on snow loads in northern Europe O. Larsson Ivanov et al. 10.1016/j.strusafe.2022.102231
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Preface: Advances in extreme value analysis and application to natural hazards Y. Hamdi et al. 10.5194/nhess-21-1461-2021
- High-resolution snow depth modeling in South Korea using radar-based precipitation data S. Kim et al. 10.1007/s00477-024-02902-0
- Estimating changes in extreme snow load in Europe as a function of global warming levels G. Evin et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104424
- GNSS signal-based snow water equivalent determination for different snowpack conditions along a steep elevation gradient A. Capelli et al. 10.5194/tc-16-505-2022
- On the nonstationary identification of climate-influenced loads for the semi-probabilistic approach using measured and projected data R. Arnold & M. Kraus 10.1080/23311916.2022.2143061
- Extreme Ground Snow Loads in Europe from 1951 to 2100 P. Croce et al. 10.3390/cli9090133
- Extreme snowfalls and atmospheric circulation patterns in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain) C. García-Hernández & J. López-Moreno 10.1016/j.coldregions.2024.104170
- Back analysis of a building collapse under snow and rain loads in a Mediterranean area I. Ousset et al. 10.5194/nhess-23-3509-2023
- Analysis of Roof Collapse Cases Caused by Snow Loads in Russia (2001–2021) V. Lobkina 10.3390/su132413580
- A non-stationary extreme-value approach for climate projection ensembles: application to snow loads in the French Alps E. Le Roux et al. 10.5194/esd-13-1059-2022
- Sustainable Development Goals and risks: The Yin and the Yang of the paths towards sustainability N. Eckert et al. 10.1007/s13280-022-01800-5
- Investigating Extreme Snowfall Changes in China Based on an Ensemble of High-Resolution Regional Climate Models J. Zhu et al. 10.3390/su15053878
- An Entropy-Based Validation of Threshold Selection Technique for Extreme Value Analysis and Risk Assessment K. Sakthivel & V. Nandhini 10.1134/S1995080224600043
- Analysis of ground snow load for greenhouse structures in Croatia I. Lukačević et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103697
- Methodology for Calculating the Spatial Distribution of Snow Depth in Complex Terrain with Insufficient Meteorological Information: A Case Study for the Anyuy Range G. Pigol’tsina & D. Fasol’ko 10.3103/S1068373922020042
- Projection of snowfall extremes in the French Alps as a function of elevation and global warming level E. Le Roux et al. 10.5194/tc-17-4691-2023
- Towards a reproducible snow load map – an example for Austria H. Schellander et al. 10.5194/asr-18-135-2021
- Semi-probabilistic methods for existing concrete structures under climate change: Review L. Casti et al. 10.1080/15732479.2025.2474691
- Evaluation of Current Trends of Climatic Actions in Europe Based on Observations and Regional Reanalysis P. Croce et al. 10.3390/rs13112025
- A stochastic approach to simulate realistic continuous snow depth time series J. Park & D. Kim 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128980
- Elevation-dependent trends in extreme snowfall in the French Alps from 1959 to 2019 E. Le Roux et al. 10.5194/tc-15-4335-2021
- Non-stationary evaluation of runoff peaks in response to climate variability and land use change in Ferson Creek, Illinois, USA N. Sadra et al. 10.1007/s10661-023-11238-1
- Climate change impacts on snow avalanche activity and related risks N. Eckert et al. 10.1038/s43017-024-00540-2
- Dual-phase threshold selection methodology for modelling extreme events K. Sakthivel & V. Nandhini 10.1177/1471082X241307286
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 13 Jul 2025
Short summary
To minimize the risk of structure collapse due to extreme snow loads, structure standards rely on 50-year return levels of ground snow load (GSL), i.e. levels exceeded once every 50 years on average, that do not account for climate change. We study GSL data in the French Alps massifs from 1959 and 2019 and find that these 50-year return levels are decreasing with time between 900 and 4800 m of altitude, but they still exceed return levels of structure standards for half of the massifs at 1800 m.
To minimize the risk of structure collapse due to extreme snow loads, structure standards rely...
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