Articles | Volume 16, issue 4 
            
                
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-995-2016
                    © Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-995-2016
                    © Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Brief communication: On direct impact probability of landslides on vehicles
Pierrick Nicolet
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
                                            
                                    
                                            Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
                                        
                                    
                                            now at: Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Trondheim, Norway
                                        
                                    Michel Jaboyedoff
                                            Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
                                        
                                    Catherine Cloutier
                                            Laboratoire d'études sur les risques naturels, Département de géologie et de génie géologique, Université Laval,  Québec, Canada
                                        
                                    Giovanni B. Crosta
                                            Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
                                        
                                    Sébastien Lévy
                                            Direction Générale de L'Environnement, Etat de Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland
                                        
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Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Integrated rockfall hazard and risk assessment along highways: An example for Jiuzhaigou area after the 2017 Ms 7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake, China X. Li et al. 10.1007/s11629-018-5355-x
 - Railway geohazards: global perspectives on modes, risks, and mitigation strategies D. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108396
 - Quantitative analysis of risk from fragmental rockfalls J. Corominas et al. 10.1007/s10346-018-1087-9
 - Probabilistic framework for quantifying human flight failure rate to landslides S. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107723
 - Assessing the annual risk of vehicles being hit by a rainfall-induced landslide: a case study on Kennedy Road in Wan Chai, Hong Kong M. Lu et al. 10.5194/nhess-20-1833-2020
 - Discontinuity set extraction from 3D point clouds obtained by UAV Photogrammetry in a rockfall site M. Yakar et al. 10.1080/00396265.2022.2119747
 - MM3: Multimodal framework for regional-scale quantitative landslide risk analysis W. Pollock & J. Wartman 10.1016/j.mex.2025.103218
 - Integrated risk assessment due to slope instabilities in the roadway network of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country O. Mavrouli et al. 10.5194/nhess-19-399-2019
 - A catastrophic high-speed train crash caused by a small-scale debris flow in China S. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.trgeo.2023.101070
 - Revisiting landslide risk terms: IAEG commission C-37 working group on landslide risk nomenclature J. Corominas et al. 10.1007/s10064-023-03474-z
 - Semi-quantitative risk assessment: From rainfall-induced landslides to the risk of persons in buildings H. Nguyen et al. 10.1007/s10064-025-04420-x
 - Definitions and Concepts for Quantitative Rockfall Hazard and Risk Analysis D. Hantz et al. 10.3390/geosciences11040158
 
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Integrated rockfall hazard and risk assessment along highways: An example for Jiuzhaigou area after the 2017 Ms 7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake, China X. Li et al. 10.1007/s11629-018-5355-x
 - Railway geohazards: global perspectives on modes, risks, and mitigation strategies D. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.enggeo.2025.108396
 - Quantitative analysis of risk from fragmental rockfalls J. Corominas et al. 10.1007/s10346-018-1087-9
 - Probabilistic framework for quantifying human flight failure rate to landslides S. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107723
 - Assessing the annual risk of vehicles being hit by a rainfall-induced landslide: a case study on Kennedy Road in Wan Chai, Hong Kong M. Lu et al. 10.5194/nhess-20-1833-2020
 - Discontinuity set extraction from 3D point clouds obtained by UAV Photogrammetry in a rockfall site M. Yakar et al. 10.1080/00396265.2022.2119747
 - MM3: Multimodal framework for regional-scale quantitative landslide risk analysis W. Pollock & J. Wartman 10.1016/j.mex.2025.103218
 - Integrated risk assessment due to slope instabilities in the roadway network of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country O. Mavrouli et al. 10.5194/nhess-19-399-2019
 - A catastrophic high-speed train crash caused by a small-scale debris flow in China S. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.trgeo.2023.101070
 - Revisiting landslide risk terms: IAEG commission C-37 working group on landslide risk nomenclature J. Corominas et al. 10.1007/s10064-023-03474-z
 - Semi-quantitative risk assessment: From rainfall-induced landslides to the risk of persons in buildings H. Nguyen et al. 10.1007/s10064-025-04420-x
 - Definitions and Concepts for Quantitative Rockfall Hazard and Risk Analysis D. Hantz et al. 10.3390/geosciences11040158
 
Saved (preprint)
Latest update: 04 Nov 2025
Short summary
                    When calculating the risk of railway or road users being killed by a natural hazard, one has to calculate a temporal spatial probability, i.e. the probability of a vehicle being in the path of the falling mass when the mass falls, or the expected number of hit vehicles in the case of an event. This paper discusses different methods used to calculate this probability, in particular regarding the consideration of the dimensions of the falling mass and of the vehicles.
                    When calculating the risk of railway or road users being killed by a natural hazard, one has to...
                    
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