Birkmann, J., Jamshed, A., McMillan, J. M., Feldmeyer, D., Totin, E., Solecki, W., Ibrahim, Z. Z., Roberts, D., Kerr, R. B., Poertner, H.-O., Pelling, M., Djalante, R., Garschagen, M., Leal Filho, W., Guha-Sapir, D., and Alegría, A.: Understanding human vulnerability to climate change: A global perspective on index validation for adaptation planning, Sci. Total Environ., 803, 150065, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150065, 2022.
Bukvic, A., Gohlke, J., Borate, A., and Suggs, J.: Aging in Flood-Prone Coastal Areas: Discerning the Health and Well-Being Risk for Older Residents, Int. J. Env. Res. Pub. He., 15, 2900, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122900, 2018.
Campbell, K. A., Laurien, F., Czajkowski, J., Keating, A., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., and Montgomery, M.: First insights from the Flood Resilience Measurement Tool: A large-scale community flood resilience analysis, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 40, 101257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101257, 2019.
Chapagain, D., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., Velev, S., Keating, A., Hyun, J. H., Rubenstein, N., and Mechler, R.: A taxonomy-based understanding of community flood resilience, Ecol. Soc., 29, https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-15654-290436, 2024.
Chapagain, D., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., Velev, S., Keating, A., and Mechler, R.: Realized resilience after community flood events: A global empirical study, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 118, 105246, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105246, 2025.
Doocy, S., Daniels, A., Packer, C., Dick, A., and Kirsch, T. D.: The Human Impact of Earthquakes: a Historical Review of Events 1980–2009 and Systematic Literature Review, PLoS Curr., 16, no longer available online, 2013.
Escobar Carías, M. S., Johnston, D. W., Knott, R., and Sweeney, R.: Flood disasters and health among the urban poor, Health Econ., 31, 2072–2089, https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4566, 2022.
Hochrainer-Stigler, S., Laurien, F., Velev, S., Keating, A., and Mechler, R.: Standardized disaster and climate resilience grading: A global scale empirical analysis of community flood resilience, J. Environ. Manage., 276, 111332, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111332, 2020.
Hochrainer-Stigler, S., Velev, S., Laurien, F., Campbell, K., Czajkowski, J., Keating, A., and Mechler, R.: Differences in the dynamics of community disaster resilience across the globe, Sci. Rep.-UK, 11, 17625, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96763-0, 2021.
Hu, P., Zhang, Q., Shi, P., Chen, B., and Fang, J.: Flood-induced mortality across the globe: Spatiotemporal pattern and influencing factors, Sci. Total Environ., 643, 171–182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.197, 2018.
Jamshed, A., Rana, I. A., Mirza, U. M., and Birkmann, J.: Assessing relationship between vulnerability and capacity: An empirical study on rural flooding in Pakistan, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 36, 101109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101109, 2019.
Jamshed, A., Birkmann, J., Feldmeyer, D., and Rana, I. A.: A Conceptual Framework to Understand the Dynamics of Rural–Urban Linkages for Rural Flood Vulnerability, Sustainability, 12, 2894, https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072894, 2020a.
Jamshed, A., Birkmann, J., McMillan, J. M., Rana, I. A., and Lauer, H.: The Impact of Extreme Floods on Rural Communitie
s: Evidence from Pakistan, in: Climate Change, Hazards and Adaptation Options: Handling the Impacts of a Changing Climate, edited by: Leal Filho, W., Nagy, G. J., Borga, M., Chávez Muñoz, P. D., and Magnuszewski, A., Springer International Publishing, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37425-9_30, 585–613, 2020b.
Jamshed, A., Birkmann, J., McMillan, J. M., Rana, I. A., Feldmeyer, D., and Sauter, H.: How do rural-urban linkages change after an extreme flood event? Empirical evidence from rural communities in Pakistan, Sci. Total Environ., 750, 141462, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141462, 2021.
Jerin, T., Chowdhury, Md. A., Azad, M. A. K., Zaman, S., Mahmood, S., Islam, S. L. U., and Mohammad Jobayer, H.: Extreme weather events (EWEs)-Related health complications in Bangladesh: A gender-based analysis on the 2017 catastrophic floods, Nat. Hazards Res., 4, 434–447, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nhres.2023.10.006, 2024.
Keating, A., Campbell, K., Mechler, R., Erwann Michel-Kerjan, Mochizuki, J., Kunreuther, H., Bayer, J., Hanger, S., McCallum, I., Keith, L. S. W., Atreya, A., Botzen, W., Collier, B., Czajkowski, J., Stefan Hochrainer, C., and Egan, C.: Operationalizing Resilience Against Natural Disaster Risk: Opportunities, Barriers and a Way Forward, Zurich Flood Resil. Alliance,
https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/11191/ (last access: 1 October 2025), 2014.
Keating, A., Campbell, K., Szoenyi, M., McQuistan, C., Nash, D., and Burer, M.: Development and testing of a community flood resilience measurement tool, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 77–101, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-77-2017, 2017a.
Keating, A., Campbell, K., Mechler, R., Magnuszewski, P., Mochizuki, J., Liu, W., Szoenyi, M., and McQuistan, C.: Disaster resilience: what it is and how it can engender a meaningful change in development policy, Dev. Policy Rev., 35, 65–91, https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12201, 2017b.
Keating, A., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., Mechler, R., Laurien, F., Rubenstein, N., Deubelli, T., Velev, S., Szoenyi, M., and Nash, D.: Reflections on the large-scale application of a community resilience measurement framework across the globe, Clim. Serv., 38, 100562, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2025.100562, 2025.
Lan, T., Hu, Y., Cheng, L., Chen, L., Guan, X., Yang, Y., Guo, Y., and Pan, J.: Floods and diarrheal morbidity: Evidence on the relationship, effect modifiers, and attributable risk from Sichuan Province, China, J. Glob. Health, 12, 11007, https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.12.11007, 2022.
Laurien, F., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., Keating, A., Campbell, K., Mechler, R., and Czajkowski, J.: A typology of community flood resilience, Reg. Environ. Change, 20, 24, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-020-01593-x, 2020.
Lowe, D., Ebi, K. L., and Forsberg, B.: Factors Increasing Vulnerability to Health Effects before, during and after Floods, Int. J. Env. Res. Pub. He., 10, 7015–7067, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10127015, 2013.
Lynch, V. D., Sullivan, J. A., Flores, A. B., Xie, X., Aggarwal, S., Nethery, R. C., Kioumourtzoglou, M.-A., Nigra, A. E., and Parks, R. M.: Large floods drive changes in cause-specific mortality in the United States, Nat. Med., 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03358-z, 2025.
Mucherera, B. and Mavhura, E.: Flood survivors' perspectives on vulnerability reduction to floods in Mbire district, Zimbabwe, Jàmbá, J. Disaster Risk Stud., 12, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v12i1.663, 2020.
Paul, B. K. and Mahmood, S.: Selected physical parameters as determinants of flood fatalities in Bangladesh, 1972–2013, Nat. Hazards, 83, 1703–1715, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2384-z, 2016.
Penning-Rowsell, E., Floyd, P., Ramsbottom, D., and Surendran, S.: Estimating Injury and Loss of Life in Floods: A Deterministic Framework, Nat. Hazards, 36, 43–64, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-004-4538-7, 2005.
Petrucci, O.: Review article: Factors leading to the occurrence of flood fatalities: a systematic review of research papers published between 2010 and 2020, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 71–83, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-71-2022, 2022.
Rana, I. A., Asim, M., Aslam, A. B., and Jamshed, A.: Disaster management cycle and its application for flood risk reduction in urban areas of Pakistan, Urban Clim., 38, 100893, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2021.100893, 2021.
Shah, A. A., Ullah, A., Khan, N. A., Shah, M. H., Ahmed, R., Hassan, S. T., Tariq, M. A. U. R., and Xu, C.: Identifying obstacles encountered at different stages of the disaster management cycle (DMC) and its implications for rural flooding in Pakistan, Front. Environ. Sci., 11, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1088126, 2023.
Yang, Z., Huang, W., McKenzie, J. E., Xu, R., Yu, P., Ye, T., Wen, B., Gasparrini, A., Armstrong, B., Tong, S., Lavigne, E., Madureira, J., Kyselý, J., Guo, Y., and Li, S.: Mortality risks associated with floods in 761 communities worldwide: time series study, BMJ, 383, e075081, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-075081, 2023.
Yari, A., Ostadtaghizadeh, A., Ardalan, A., Zarezadeh, Y., Rahimiforoushani, A., and Bidarpoor, F.: Risk factors of death from flood: Findings of a systematic review, J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng., 18, 1643–1653, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-020-00511-x, 2020.
