Articles | Volume 25, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2751-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-2751-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
18 Aug 2025
Research article |
| 18 Aug 2025
| 18 Aug 2025
What can we learn about multi-hazard impacts from global disaster records?
Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Marleen C. de Ruiter
Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Timothy Tiggeloven
Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Philip J. Ward
Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Deltares, Delft, the Netherlands
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Cited
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Drought-induced disaster Chains: A global perspective of propagation probabilities and mitigation priorities H. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148519
- Multi-hazard risk assessment and management: pathways for the Sendai Framework and beyond T. Tiggeloven et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-9-185-2026
- Impact-Based Analysis of Weather-Related Hazards in Greece (2000–2025): Insights from the High-Impact Weather Events Database (HIWE-DB) K. Papagiannaki et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli14050105
- Compounding hazards increase flood economic losses across Europe M. Ronco et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73248-0
- Satellite earth observation for recovery from hydrometeorological hazards H. Friedrich et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100205
- Assessing the real-world economic value of weather forecasts for compounding extremes L. Olivetti et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae9327
- Exploring recovery complexity in the context of consecutive disasters S. Buijs et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-3559-2026
- Compound patterns and environmental drivers of typhoon disaster chains in southeast coastal China: a multiscale framework X. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2026.100706
- Bridging science and practice on multi-hazard risk drivers: stakeholder insights from five pilot studies in Europe N. van Maanen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-2295-2025
- Spatiotemporal assessment of multi-hazards to inform sustainable development and risk reduction planning in Dollo Ado Woreda, Somali Region, Ethiopia F. Semaw et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-025-07874-0
- Challenges and opportunities for understanding societal impacts of climate extremes G. Messori et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-199-2026
- Statistical dependence models for multi-hazard events: an application to the Danube Region G. Pflug et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10651-026-00721-w
- Interdisciplinary perspectives on multi-risk anticipatory action T. de Boer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2026.115618
- Towards a practical multi-hazard interrelation classification: implications for assessing their impacts T. Wenzel et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-025-07901-0
- Reducing risk together: moving towards a more holistic approach to multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment and management P. Ward et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-1325-2026
- Multi-hazard exposure disproportionately affects vulnerable populations globally T. Tiggeloven et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03652-3
- Associação entre fadiga por compaixão e o perfil dos bombeiros que atuam em desastres C. Vivian et al. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xpt230525
- How to better link landslide inventory mapping with loss and damage reporting D. Urueña et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106242
- Türkiye’de Bazı Büyükşehir İtfaiye Hizmetlerinin 2015–2024 Dönemindeki Gelişimi: Çoklu Afet Yönetimi Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirme H. Akyazı & M. Göroğlu https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1812056
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Drought-induced disaster Chains: A global perspective of propagation probabilities and mitigation priorities H. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148519
- Multi-hazard risk assessment and management: pathways for the Sendai Framework and beyond T. Tiggeloven et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-9-185-2026
- Impact-Based Analysis of Weather-Related Hazards in Greece (2000–2025): Insights from the High-Impact Weather Events Database (HIWE-DB) K. Papagiannaki et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli14050105
- Compounding hazards increase flood economic losses across Europe M. Ronco et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73248-0
- Satellite earth observation for recovery from hydrometeorological hazards H. Friedrich et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2026.100205
- Assessing the real-world economic value of weather forecasts for compounding extremes L. Olivetti et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae9327
- Exploring recovery complexity in the context of consecutive disasters S. Buijs et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-3559-2026
- Compound patterns and environmental drivers of typhoon disaster chains in southeast coastal China: a multiscale framework X. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2026.100706
- Bridging science and practice on multi-hazard risk drivers: stakeholder insights from five pilot studies in Europe N. van Maanen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-16-2295-2025
- Spatiotemporal assessment of multi-hazards to inform sustainable development and risk reduction planning in Dollo Ado Woreda, Somali Region, Ethiopia F. Semaw et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-025-07874-0
- Challenges and opportunities for understanding societal impacts of climate extremes G. Messori et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-199-2026
- Statistical dependence models for multi-hazard events: an application to the Danube Region G. Pflug et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10651-026-00721-w
- Interdisciplinary perspectives on multi-risk anticipatory action T. de Boer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2026.115618
- Towards a practical multi-hazard interrelation classification: implications for assessing their impacts T. Wenzel et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-025-07901-0
- Reducing risk together: moving towards a more holistic approach to multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment and management P. Ward et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-1325-2026
- Multi-hazard exposure disproportionately affects vulnerable populations globally T. Tiggeloven et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03652-3
- Associação entre fadiga por compaixão e o perfil dos bombeiros que atuam em desastres C. Vivian et al. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xpt230525
- How to better link landslide inventory mapping with loss and damage reporting D. Urueña et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106242
- Türkiye’de Bazı Büyükşehir İtfaiye Hizmetlerinin 2015–2024 Dönemindeki Gelişimi: Çoklu Afet Yönetimi Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirme H. Akyazı & M. Göroğlu https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1812056
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 04 Sep 2026
Short summary
Multiple hazards, occurring simultaneously or consecutively, can have more extreme impacts than single hazards. We examined the disaster records in the global emergency events database EM-DAT to better understand this phenomenon. We developed a method to identify such multi-hazards and analysed their reported impacts using statistics. Multi-hazards have accounted for a disproportionate number of the impacts, but there appear to be different archetypal patterns in which the impacts compound.
Multiple hazards, occurring simultaneously or consecutively, can have more extreme impacts than...
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