Ballesteros, M. M.: Rethinking Institutional Reforms in the Philippine Housing Sector, PIDS Discussion Paper Series, Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Makati City, Philippines, 2002.
Ballesteros, M. M.: Evaluating the Benefits and Costs of Resettlement Projects: A Case Study in the Philippines, in: Evaluation for Agenda 2030: Providing Evidence on Progress and Sustainability, edited by: van den Berg, R. D., Naidoo, I., and Tamondong, S. D., Exeter, 257–271, ISBN 978-1-9999329-1-6, 2017.
Ballesteros, M. M. and Egana, J. V.: Efficiency and Effectiveness Review of the National Housing Authority (NHA) Resettlement Program, PIDS Discussion Paper Series, Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Makati City, Philippines, 2013.
Birkmann, J. and Lauer, H.: Climate change: Mitigation and adaptation, in: Routledge handbook of environmental hazards and society, edited by: Penning-Rowsell, E. C. and McGee, T. K., Routledge, New York, NY, https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367854584-13, 2022.
Black, R., Adger, W. N., Arnell, N. W., Dercon, S., Geddes, A., and Thomas, D.: The effect of environmental change on human migration, Global Environ. Chang., 21, S3-S11, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.10.001, 2011.
Cao, A., Esteban, M., Valenzuela, V. P. B., Onuki, M., Takagi, H., Thao, N. D., and Tsuchiya, N.: Future of Asian Deltaic Megacities under sea level rise and land subsidence: current adaptation pathways for Tokyo, Jakarta, Manila, and Ho Chi Minh City, Curr. Opin. Env. Sust., 50, 87–97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2021.02.010, 2021.
Carey, J.: Core Concept: Managed retreat increasingly seen as necessary in response to climate change's fury, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 117, 13182–13185, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008198117, 2020.
Cernea, M.: The risks and reconstruction model for resettling displaced populations, World Dev., 25, 1569–1587, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(97)00054-5, 1997.
Dannenberg, A. L., Frumkin, H., Hess, J. J., and Ebi, K. L.: Managed retreat as a strategy for climate change adaptation in small communities: public health implications, Climatic Change, 153, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02382-0, 2019.
de Guzman, J. S.: Is the `Pabahay' target of one million houses a year realistic?, INQUIRER.net, 17 March 2023,
https://opinion.inquirer.net/161765/is-the-pabahay-target-of-one-million-houses-a-year-realistic (last access: 2 November 2023), 2023.
de Sherbinin, A., Castro, M., Gemenne, F., Cernea, M. M., Adamo, S., Fearnside, P. M., Krieger, G., Lahmani, S., Oliver-Smith, A., Pankhurst, A., Scudder, T., Singer, B., Tan, Y., Wannier, G., Boncour, P., Ehrhart, C., Hugo, G., Pandey, B., and Shi, G.: Climate change. Preparing for resettlement associated with climate change, Science, 334, 456–457, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1208821, 2011.
De Wet, C. J.: Introducing the issues, in: Development-induced displacement: Problems, policies and people, edited by: De Wet, C. J., Berghahn, New York, NY, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.3167/9781845450953, 2006.
Doberstein, B., Tadgell, A., and Rutledge, A.: Managed retreat for climate change adaptation in coastal megacities: A comparison of policy and practice in Manila and Vancouver, J. Environ. Manage., 253, 109753, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109753, 2020.
Du, J. and Greiving, S.: Reclaiming On-Site Upgrading as a Viable Resilience Strategy-Viabilities and Scenarios through the Lens of Disaster-Prone Informal Settlements in Metro Manila, Sustainability, 12, 10600, https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410600, 2020.
Ellao, J. A. J.: From danger zones to a death zone, Bulatlat, 22 October 2013, Bulatlat,
https://www.bulatlat.com/2013/10/22/from-danger-zones-to-a-death-zone/ (last access: 28 November 2023), 2013.
Ferris, E. and Weerasinghe, S.: Promoting Human Security: Planned Relocation as a Protection Tool in a Time of Climate Change, Journal on Migration and Human Security, 8, 134–149, https://doi.org/10.1177/2331502420909305, 2020.
Galuszka, J.: Co-Production as a Driver of Urban Governance Transformation? The Case of the Oplan LIKAS Programme in Metro Manila, Philippines, Planning Theory & Practice, 20, 395–419, https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2019.1624811, 2019.
Galuszka, J.: Civil society and public sector cooperation: Case of Oplan LIKAS, Policy Notes, Philippine Institue for Development Studies (PIDS), Quezon City, Philippines, 8 pp.,
https://www.pids.gov.ph/publication/policy-notes/civil-society-and-public-sector-cooperation-case-of-oplan-likas (last access: 1 July 2024), 2018.
Galuszka, J.: Adapting to informality: multistory housing driven by a co-productive process and the People's Plans in Metro Manila, Philippines, Int. Dev. Plann. Rev., 1–29, https://doi.org/10.14279/DEPOSITONCE-10072, 2020.
Glavovic, B. C., Dawson, R., Chow, W., Garschagen, M., Haasnoot, M., Singh, C., and Thomas, A.: Cities and Settlements by the Sea, in: Climate Change 2022 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, edited by: IPCC, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, New York, NY, USA, 2163–2194, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009325844.019, 2023.
Greiving, S., Du, J., and Puntub, W.: Managed Retreat — A Strategy for the Mitigation of Disaster Risks with International and Comparative Perspectives, J. Extr. Even., 05, 1–35, https://doi.org/10.1142/S2345737618500112, 2018.
Haasnoot, M., Lawrence, J., and Magnan, A. K.: Pathways to coastal retreat, Science, 372, 1287–1290, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi6594, 2021.
Hauer, M. E., Fussell, E., Mueller, V., Burkett, M., Call, M., Abel, K., McLeman, R., and Wrathall, D.: Sea-level rise and human migration, Nat. Rev. Earth Environ., 1, 28–39, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-019-0002-9, 2020.
Hino, M., Field, C. B., and Mach, K. J.: Managed retreat as a response to natural hazard risk, Nat. Clim. Change, 7, 364–370, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3252, 2017.
Hoang, T. and Noy, I.: Wellbeing after a managed retreat: Observations from a large New Zealand program, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 48, 101589, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101589, 2020.
Horton, R. M., Sherbinin, A. de, Wrathall, D., and Oppenheimer, M.: Assessing human habitability and migration, Science, 372, 1279–1283, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi8603, 2021.
IPCC (Ed.): Climate Change 2014: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability: Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, volumes
〈1–2
〉, 2014.
Jensen, S., Hapal, K., and Quijano, S.: Reconfiguring Manila: Displacement, Resettlement, and the Productivity of Urban Divides, Urban Forum, 31, 389–407, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12132-020-09399-0, 2020a.
Jensen, S., Hapal, K., and Quijano, S.: Reconfiguring Manila: Displacement, Resettlement, and the Productivity of Urban Divides, Springer, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12132-020-09399-0#citeas (last access: 6 November 2023), 2020b.
Jevrejeva, S., Jackson, L. P., Riva, R. E. M., Grinsted, A., and Moore, J. C.: Coastal sea level rise with warming above 2
°C, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 13342–13347, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1605312113, 2016.
Katigbak, T. K.: How to build one million houses a year, Manila Bulletin, 2 November 2023,
https://mb.com.ph/2023/02/20/how-to-build-one-million-houses-a-year/ (last access: 2 November 2023), 2023.
Kulp, S. A. and Strauss, B. H.: New elevation data triple estimates of global vulnerability to sea-level rise and coastal flooding, Nat. Commun., 10, 4844, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12808-z, 2019.
Lapidez, J. P., Tablazon, J., Dasallas, L., Gonzalo, L. A., Cabacaba, K. M., Ramos, M. M. A., Suarez, J. K., Santiago, J., Lagmay, A. M. F., and Malano, V.: Identification of storm surge vulnerable areas in the Philippines through the simulation of Typhoon Haiyan-induced storm surge levels over historical storm tracks, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1473–1481, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1473-2015, 2015.
Lauer, H., Delos Reyes, M., and Birkmann, J.: Managed Retreat as Adaptation Option: Investigating Different Resettlement Approaches and Their Impacts—Lessons from Metro Manila, Sustainability, 13, 829, https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020829, 2021.
Lorenzo Pérez, M. A. and Contreras, S.: Understanding the Impacts of Managed Retreat and Resettlement on Informal Communities, Natural Hazards Center, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, 2022.
Mach, K. J. and Siders, A. R.: Reframing strategic, managed retreat for transformative climate adaptation, Science, 372, 1294–1299, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh1894, 2021.
Maldonado, J. K., Shearer, C., Bronen, R., Peterson, K., and Lazrus, H.: The impact of climate change on tribal communities in the US: displacement, relocation, and human rights, Climatic Change, 120, 601–614, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0746-z, 2013.
Mateo, J.: In-city housing eyed for informal settlers, Philstar.com, 24 September 2022,
https://www.philstar.com/nation/2022/09/25/2212031/city-housing-eyed-informal-settlers (last access: 2 November 2023), 2022.
McLeman, R.: Thresholds in climate migration, Popul. Environ., 39, 319–338, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-017-0290-2, 2018.
McLeman, R., Wrathall, D., Gilmore, E., Thornton, P., Adams, H., and Gemenne, F.: Conceptual framing to link climate risk assessments and climate-migration scholarship, Climatic Change, 165, 24, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-021-03056-6, 2021.
Nicolas, G. M.: Do not forget Kasiglahan Village, INQUIRER.net, 13 February 2021,
https://opinion.inquirer.net/137689/do-not-forget-kasiglahan-village (last access: 28 November 2023), 2021.
Rahman, H. M. T. and Hickey, G. M.: What Does Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change Have to Teach Public Policy and Planning About Avoiding the Risks of Maladaptation in Bangladesh?, Front. Environ. Sci., 7, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00002, 2019.
Republic of the Philippines: Performance Audit Report on In-City Resettlement Housing Program (PAO Report No. 2017-02), Commission on audit, Quezon City, Philippines, 44 pp.,
https://www.coa.gov.ph/reports/performance-audit-reports/2017-2/in-city-resettlement-housing-program/# (last access: 1 July 2024), 2017.
Republic of the Philippines: National Resettlement Policy Framework, Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development, Quezon City, Philippines,
https://dhsud.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/National-Resettlement-Policy-Framework.pdf (last access: 1 July 2024), 2022.
Republic of the Philippines: Executive Order No. 34. 20230717-EO-34-FRM, President of the Philippines, The city of Manila, Philippines, 4 pp.,
https://lawphil.net/executive/execord/eo2023/eo_34_2023.html (last access: 1 July 2024), 2023a.
Republic of the Philippines: Operations Manual: Requirements, processes, and guidelines for the implementation of the 4PH Program, Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development, Quezon City, Philippines,
https://dhsud.gov.ph/services/4ph-program/ (last access: 1 July 2024), 2023b.
Rodolfo, K. S. and Siringan, F. P.: Global sea-level rise is recognised, but flooding from anthropogenic land subsidence is ignored around northern Manila Bay, Philippines, Disasters, 30, 118–139, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2006.00310.x, 2006.
Rogers, S. and Wilmsen, B.: Towards a critical geography of resettlement, Prog. Hum. Geog., 97, 256–275, https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132518824659, 2019.
Saguin, K. K. and Alvarez, M. K.: “Danger Zones,” “Death Zones,” and Paradoxes of Infrastructural Space-Making in Manila, J. Urban Technol., 29, 145–152, https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2009288, 2022.
Sakdapolrak, P., Borderon, M., and Sterly, H.: The limits of migration as adaptation. A conceptual approach towards the role of immobility, disconnectedness and simultaneous exposure in translocal livelihoods systems, Clim. Dev., 16, 87–96, https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2180318, 2023.
Scott, M., Lennon, M., Tubridy, F., Marchman, P., Siders, A. R., Main, K. L., Herrmann, V., Butler, D., Frank, K., Bosomworth, K., Blanchi, R., and Johnson, C.: Climate Disruption and Planning: Resistance or Retreat?, Planning Theory & Practice, 21, 125–154, https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2020.1704130, 2020.
Scudder, T.: Development-induced Relocation and Refugee Studies: 37 Years of Change and Continuity among Zambia's Gwembe Tonga, J. Refug. Stud., 6, 123–152, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/6.2.123, 1993.
Szaboova, L., Adger, W. N., Safra de Campos, R., Maharjan, A., Sakdapolrak, P., Sterly, H., Conway, D., Codjoe, S. N. A., and Abu, M.: Evaluating migration as successful adaptation to climate change: Trade-offs in well-being, equity, and sustainability, One Earth, 6, 620–631, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2023.05.009, 2023.
Tablazon, J., Caro, C. V., Lagmay, A. M. F., Briones, J. B. L., Dasallas, L., Lapidez, J. P., Santiago, J., Suarez, J. K., Ladiero, C., Gonzalo, L. A., Mungcal, M. T. F., and Malano, V.: Probabilistic storm surge inundation maps for Metro Manila based on Philippine public storm warning signals, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 557–570, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-557-2015, 2015.
Tadgell, A., Mortsch, L., and Doberstein, B.: Assessing the feasibility of resettlement as a climate change adaptation strategy for informal settlements in Metro Manila, Philippines, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 22, 447–457, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.01.005, 2017.
UN-Habitat: UN-Habitat Philippines Country Report 2023, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) Philippines, Mandaluyong City, Philippines, 32 pp., https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89 978449&url=https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2023/06/ 5._un-habitat_philippines_country_report_2023_final_compres sed.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjCuYSy9YWHAxURgf0HHUYgABc QFnoECBcQAQ&usg=AOvVaw3tQPNles5mylSy9oBkBWs1 (last access: 1 July 2024), 2023.
World Bank: Philippines Urbanization Review: Fostering Competitive, Sustainable and Inclusive Cities. Full Report, World Bank Publications, Washington, DC, USA, 196 pp., 2017.
