Agency for Roads, Bridges and Waters Hamburg, Sachsenfeld 3–5, 20097 Hamburg, Germany
Birgit Gerkensmeier
Agency for Roads, Bridges and Waters Hamburg, Sachsenfeld 3–5, 20097 Hamburg, Germany
Benedikt Bratz
Leichtweiß-Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water
Resources, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 51a,
38106 Braunschweig, Germany
Leichtweiß-Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water
Resources, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 51a,
38106 Braunschweig, Germany
Olaf Müller
Agency for Roads, Bridges and Waters Hamburg, Sachsenfeld 3–5, 20097 Hamburg, Germany
Leichtweiß-Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water
Resources, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 51a,
38106 Braunschweig, Germany
Coastal Research Center, Joint Research Facility of Leibniz University Hannover and Technische Universität Braunschweig, Merkurstraße 11, 30419 Hanover, Germany
Gabriele Gönnert
Agency for Roads, Bridges and Waters Hamburg, Sachsenfeld 3–5, 20097 Hamburg, Germany
Institute of Geography, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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Total article views: 2,446 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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External surges in the North Sea are caused by low-pressure cells travelling over the northeast Atlantic. They influence extreme water levels on the German coast and have to be considered in the design process of coastal defence structures. This study collects data about external surges from 1995–2020 and analyses their causes, behaviours and potential trends. External surges often occur less than 72 h apart, enabling a single storm surge to be influenced by more than one external surge.
External surges in the North Sea are caused by low-pressure cells travelling over the northeast...
