Tsunami heights and limits in 1945 along the Makran  coast estimated from testimony gathered 7 decades  later in Gwadar, Pasni and Ormara

Lodhi, Hira Ashfaq; Ahmed, Shoaib; Hasan, Haider

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3085-2021

Articles | Volume 21, issue 10

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3085-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3085-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 21, issue 10

Research article

|

14 Oct 2021

Research article |

| 14 Oct 2021

Tsunami heights and limits in 1945 along the Makran coast estimated from testimony gathered 7 decades later in Gwadar, Pasni and Ormara

Hira Ashfaq Lodhi, Shoaib Ahmed, and Haider Hasan

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Final revised paper (published on 14 Oct 2021)
Preprint (discussion started on 05 Mar 2021)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

RC1:
'Comment on nhess-2021-53', Emile Okal, 08 Apr 2021

The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2021-53/nhess-2021-53-RC1-supplement.pdf

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-RC1
- AC4: 'Reply on RC1', Hira Lodhi, 24 Jun 2021
  
  The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2021-53/nhess-2021-53-AC4-supplement.pdf
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-AC4
CC1:
'Comment on nhess-2021-53', Issa El-Hussain, 08 Apr 2021

The authors tried to estimate the inundation, wave height, and runup of the 1945 EQ in MSZ. The article is well written integrating testimonial (eyewitness=at night??) of survivors, government records, and newspaper accounts utilized to quantify the hazards in three towns in Pakistan. The article of benefit to planners and government agencies for risk estimation for the coasts of these towns. the references are adequate and follow the format of the journal. I recommend publishing the article when addressing the following minor corrections.
1. I would like to have seen a map showing the EQ location as well as the three town locations so that the reader see the relative distances between them.
2 . Figure 1, a, and b may need to redrawn while keeping the original copy so that the reader would be able to see what is written in them, also translate c.
3. Figure 3, authors may need to write the fuzzy words at the beginning of the paragraph to be able to understand the meaning (besides keeping the original).
4. The authors may need to say why the runup at Gwadar is very high relative to the wave height (ten times), is there energy focusing here? or eyewitness exaggeration? or....

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-CC1
- AC3: 'Reply on CC1', Hira Lodhi, 17 Apr 2021
  
  Thank you very much for the constructive comments.
  Figures 1, 2 and 3 will be revised and a paragraph on the high runup values at Gwadar will be added to the discussion section of revised manuscript.
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-AC3
CC2:
'Comment on nhess-2021-53', Mohammad Mokhtari, 10 Apr 2021

The paper is well written and contains some important topics especially the on-date newspaper and also a referral to the major interview done in recent years from the people who survived the catastrophe. Clip of Newspapers may be translated into separate boxes to make it more feasible to the future reader. Some figures need to be improved and the location of places mentioned in the text should be shown.
Runup values I feel need to check more carefully and or explain how the people that remember the 1945 tsunami have reached these values?

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-CC2
- AC1:
  'Reply on CC2', Hira Lodhi, 17 Apr 2021
  
  Thank you very muchfor the constructive comments.
  Figures 1, 2 and 3 will be revised and a paragraph on the high runup values at Gwadar will be added to the discussion section of revised manuscript.
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-AC1
  - CC3: 'Reply on AC1', Mohammad Mokhtari, 17 Apr 2021
    
    Thank you
    
    Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-CC3
- AC2: 'Reply on CC2', Hira Lodhi, 17 Apr 2021
  
  Thank you very much Mokhtari, for the comments. The changes in figures are also suggested by Issa El-Hussain and figures will be revised in the manuscript revision. Locations will also be provided in th revised version.
  The eyewitnesses had remembered the landmarks till where the water had reached during the 1945 event while the runup was quantized through a ground survey and Google Earth. The ground survey was conducted to get the lat/long of the landmarks and Google Earth was used to get the runup elevations. We wil recheck the values before the submission of revised manuscript.
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-AC2
RC2:
'Comment on nhess-2021-53', Issa El-Hussain, 25 Apr 2021
The authors tried to estimate the inundation, wave height, and runup of the 1945 EQ in MSZ. The article is well written integrating testimonial (eyewitness=at night?) of survivors, government records, and newspaper accounts utilized to quantify the hazards in three towns in Pakistan. The article of benefit to planners and government agencies for risk estimation for the coasts of these towns. The references are adequate and follow the format of the journal. I recommend publishing the article when addressing the following minor corrections.

I would like to have seen a map showing the EQ location as well as the three town locations so that the reader see the relative distances between them.

2 . Figure 1, a, and b may need to redraw while keeping the original copy so that the reader would be able to see what is written in them, also translate c.

Figure 3, authors may need to write the fuzzy words at the beginning of the paragraph to be able to understand the meaning (besides keeping the original).

The authors may need to say why the runup at Gwadar is very high relative to the wave height (ten times), is there energy focusing here? or eyewitness exaggeration? Or mixing with other flood events?
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-RC2
- AC5: 'Reply on RC2', Hira Lodhi, 24 Jun 2021
  
  The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2021-53/nhess-2021-53-AC5-supplement.pdf
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-53-AC5

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload

ED: Publish subject to minor revisions (review by editor) (14 Jul 2021) by Maria Ana Baptista

AR by Hira Lodhi on behalf of the Authors (28 Jul 2021) Author's response Author's tracked changes Manuscript

ED: Publish as is (06 Aug 2021) by Maria Ana Baptista

AR by Hira Lodhi on behalf of the Authors (05 Sep 2021) Manuscript

Short summary

The study summarizes historical accounts, eyewitness accounts and newspaper items to report the impact of the 1945 tsunami along the Makran coast of Pakistan. A field survey conducted in Gwadar, Pasni and Ormara quantifies inundation parameters in the three cities, using the landmarks reported in eyewitness accounts and newspaper items. The quantification of runup and inundation extents is based either on the field survey or on old maps.