Articles | Volume 19, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-1541-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-1541-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
31 Jul 2019
Research article |
| 31 Jul 2019
| 31 Jul 2019
The effect of cyclones crossing the Mediterranean region on sea level anomalies on the Mediterranean Sea coast
Piero Lionello
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Università del Salento, Di.S.Te.B.A., via per Monteroni 164, Lecce, Italy
CMCC, Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per i Cambiamenti Climatici, via Augusto Imperatore 16, Lecce, Italy
Dario Conte
CMCC, Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per i Cambiamenti Climatici, via Augusto Imperatore 16, Lecce, Italy
Marco Reale
Abdus Salam ICTP, Strada Costiera 11, Trieste, Italy
Istituto di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale – OGS, Via Beirut 2-4, Trieste, Italy
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Cited
27 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The consecutive disparity of precipitation in conterminous Spain J. Martin-Vide et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03877-6
- Storm surges and coastal inundation during extreme events in the Mediterranean Sea: the IANOS Medicane Y. Androulidakis et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-05890-6
- Unveiling the Role of Mediterranean Cyclones in North Africa’s Precipitation A. Pérez-Alarcón et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-025-00905-7
- How compound flood drivers have changed over time in the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean) M. Aguilera-Vidal et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2026.100917
- The impact of preceding convection on the development of Medicane Ianos and the sensitivity to sea surface temperature C. Sánchez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1429-2024
- The impact of climate change on the storm surges of the Mediterranean Sea: Coastal sea level responses to deep depression atmospheric systems C. Makris et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2022.102149
- Hydrological cycle of the Mediterranean-Black Sea system D. García-García et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06188-2
- The prediction of floods in Venice: methods, models and uncertainty (review article) G. Umgiesser et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2679-2021
- Tropical cyclone storm surge probabilities for the east coast of the United States: a cyclone-based perspective K. Towey et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1287-2022
- The contribution of a mesoscale cyclone and associated meteotsunami to the exceptional flood in Venice on November 12, 2019 C. Ferrarin et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4539
- Modeling of Future Extreme Storm Surges at the NW Mediterranean Coast (Spain) J. Lin-Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020472
- Extreme weather and societal impacts in the eastern Mediterranean A. Hochman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-749-2022
- Integration of microseism, wavemeter buoy, HF radar and hindcast data to analyze the Mediterranean cyclone Helios A. Borzì et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1-2024
- Non-stationary and multivariate spring floods estimation of the Saint John River (eastern Canada) N. Yousfi et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-025-03008-x
- Assessing the coastal hazard of Medicane Ianos through ensemble modelling C. Ferrarin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2273-2023
- Analysis of a coastal-trapped wave generated by the 2016 extra-tropical cyclonic system in the Southern Brazilian continental shelf with COAWST modeling system L. Mendonça et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2023.104522
- Extreme floods of Venice: characteristics, dynamics, past and future evolution (review article) P. Lionello et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2705-2021
- Characterization of the mean and extreme Mediterranean cyclones and their variability during the period 1500 BCE to 1850 CE O. Doensen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1305-2025
- Climatology of cyclones in western and northwestern Iran using reanalysis and remote sensing data E. Ghasemifar et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7770
- The Role of Ocean Penetrative Solar Radiation in the Evolution of Mediterranean Storm Daniel J. Karagiorgos et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17152684
- A case study of impacts of an extreme weather system on the Mediterranean Sea circulation features: Medicane Apollo (2021) M. Menna et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-29942-w
- Future projections of Mediterranean cyclone characteristics using the Med-CORDEX ensemble of coupled regional climate system models M. Reale et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-06018-x
- Assessing Climate Change Adaptation and Risk Management Programmes: Stakeholder Participation Process and Policy Implications for Transport, Energy and Tourism Sectors on the Island of Sicily C. Leon et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081206
- Climatology and process-oriented analysis of the Adriatic sea level extremes J. Šepić et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102908
- Mediterranean cyclones: current knowledge and open questions on dynamics, prediction, climatology and impacts E. Flaounas et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-173-2022
- Future changes in the wintertime cyclonic activity over the CORDEX-CORE southern hemisphere domains in a multi-model approach M. Reboita et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05317-z
- COVID-19 effects on travel choices under climate risks C. León et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2023.103663
27 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The consecutive disparity of precipitation in conterminous Spain J. Martin-Vide et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03877-6
- Storm surges and coastal inundation during extreme events in the Mediterranean Sea: the IANOS Medicane Y. Androulidakis et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-05890-6
- Unveiling the Role of Mediterranean Cyclones in North Africa’s Precipitation A. Pérez-Alarcón et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-025-00905-7
- How compound flood drivers have changed over time in the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean) M. Aguilera-Vidal et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2026.100917
- The impact of preceding convection on the development of Medicane Ianos and the sensitivity to sea surface temperature C. Sánchez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1429-2024
- The impact of climate change on the storm surges of the Mediterranean Sea: Coastal sea level responses to deep depression atmospheric systems C. Makris et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2022.102149
- Hydrological cycle of the Mediterranean-Black Sea system D. García-García et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06188-2
- The prediction of floods in Venice: methods, models and uncertainty (review article) G. Umgiesser et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2679-2021
- Tropical cyclone storm surge probabilities for the east coast of the United States: a cyclone-based perspective K. Towey et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1287-2022
- The contribution of a mesoscale cyclone and associated meteotsunami to the exceptional flood in Venice on November 12, 2019 C. Ferrarin et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4539
- Modeling of Future Extreme Storm Surges at the NW Mediterranean Coast (Spain) J. Lin-Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020472
- Extreme weather and societal impacts in the eastern Mediterranean A. Hochman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-749-2022
- Integration of microseism, wavemeter buoy, HF radar and hindcast data to analyze the Mediterranean cyclone Helios A. Borzì et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-1-2024
- Non-stationary and multivariate spring floods estimation of the Saint John River (eastern Canada) N. Yousfi et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-025-03008-x
- Assessing the coastal hazard of Medicane Ianos through ensemble modelling C. Ferrarin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2273-2023
- Analysis of a coastal-trapped wave generated by the 2016 extra-tropical cyclonic system in the Southern Brazilian continental shelf with COAWST modeling system L. Mendonça et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2023.104522
- Extreme floods of Venice: characteristics, dynamics, past and future evolution (review article) P. Lionello et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2705-2021
- Characterization of the mean and extreme Mediterranean cyclones and their variability during the period 1500 BCE to 1850 CE O. Doensen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-1305-2025
- Climatology of cyclones in western and northwestern Iran using reanalysis and remote sensing data E. Ghasemifar et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7770
- The Role of Ocean Penetrative Solar Radiation in the Evolution of Mediterranean Storm Daniel J. Karagiorgos et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17152684
- A case study of impacts of an extreme weather system on the Mediterranean Sea circulation features: Medicane Apollo (2021) M. Menna et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-29942-w
- Future projections of Mediterranean cyclone characteristics using the Med-CORDEX ensemble of coupled regional climate system models M. Reale et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-06018-x
- Assessing Climate Change Adaptation and Risk Management Programmes: Stakeholder Participation Process and Policy Implications for Transport, Energy and Tourism Sectors on the Island of Sicily C. Leon et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11081206
- Climatology and process-oriented analysis of the Adriatic sea level extremes J. Šepić et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102908
- Mediterranean cyclones: current knowledge and open questions on dynamics, prediction, climatology and impacts E. Flaounas et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-173-2022
- Future changes in the wintertime cyclonic activity over the CORDEX-CORE southern hemisphere domains in a multi-model approach M. Reboita et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05317-z
- COVID-19 effects on travel choices under climate risks C. León et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2023.103663
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 24 Jul 2026
Short summary
Large positive and negative sea level anomalies on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea are produced by cyclones moving along the Mediterranean storm track, which are mostly generated in the western Mediterranean. The wind around the cyclone center is the main cause of sea level anomalies when a shallow water fetch is present. The inverse barometer effect produces a positive anomaly near the cyclone pressure minimum and a negative anomaly at the opposite side of the Mediterranean Sea.
Large positive and negative sea level anomalies on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea are...
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