Articles | Volume 24, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2071-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2071-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
24 Jun 2024
Research article |
| 24 Jun 2024
| 24 Jun 2024
Hyper-resolution flood hazard mapping at the national scale
Günter Blöschl
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
TU Wien, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Andreas Buttinger-Kreuzhuber
TU Wien, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
VRVis Zentrum für Virtual Reality und Visualisierung Forschungs-GmbH, Donau-City-Strasse 11, 1220 Vienna, Austria
Daniel Cornel
VRVis Zentrum für Virtual Reality und Visualisierung Forschungs-GmbH, Donau-City-Strasse 11, 1220 Vienna, Austria
Julia Eisl
Ingenieurbüro Dipl.- Ing. Günter Humer GmbH – Ingenieurbüro für Kulturtechnik und Wasserwirtschaft, Geboltskirchen and Gmunden, Austria
Michael Hofer
Ingenieurbüro Dipl.- Ing. Günter Humer GmbH – Ingenieurbüro für Kulturtechnik und Wasserwirtschaft, Geboltskirchen and Gmunden, Austria
Markus Hollaus
TU Wien, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Research Area Photogrammetry, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Zsolt Horváth
TU Wien, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
VRVis Zentrum für Virtual Reality und Visualisierung Forschungs-GmbH, Donau-City-Strasse 11, 1220 Vienna, Austria
Jürgen Komma
TU Wien, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Artem Konev
VRVis Zentrum für Virtual Reality und Visualisierung Forschungs-GmbH, Donau-City-Strasse 11, 1220 Vienna, Austria
Juraj Parajka
TU Wien, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Norbert Pfeifer
TU Wien, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Research Area Photogrammetry, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Andreas Reithofer
Ingenieurbüro Dipl.- Ing. Günter Humer GmbH – Ingenieurbüro für Kulturtechnik und Wasserwirtschaft, Geboltskirchen and Gmunden, Austria
José Salinas
TU Wien, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Moody's RMS, Inland Flood Model Development, 21 Mincing Lane, London, EC3R 7AG, UK
Peter Valent
TU Wien, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Roman Výleta
STU Bratislava, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Land and Water Resources Management, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
Jürgen Waser
VRVis Zentrum für Virtual Reality und Visualisierung Forschungs-GmbH, Donau-City-Strasse 11, 1220 Vienna, Austria
Michael H. Wimmer
TU Wien, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Research Area Photogrammetry, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
Heinz Stiefelmeyer
Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Regions and Water Management, Stubenring 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria
Related authors
Hatice Türk, Christine Stumpp, Markus Hrachowitz, Karsten Schulz, Peter Strauss, Günter Blöschl, and Michael Stockinger
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 3935–3956, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3935-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3935-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Using advances in transit time estimation and tracer data, we tested if fast-flow transit times are controlled solely by soil moisture or if they are also controlled by precipitation intensity. We used soil-moisture-dependent and precipitation-intensity-conditional transfer functions. We showed that a significant portion of event water bypasses the soil matrix through fast flow paths (overland flow, tile drains, preferential-flow paths) in dry soil conditions for both low- and high-intensity precipitation.
Hatice Türk, Christine Stumpp, Markus Hrachowitz, Peter Strauss, Günter Blöschl, and Michael Stockinger
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2597, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2597, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows that stream flow isotope data (δ2H) were inadequate for distinguishing preferential groundwater flow. Large passive groundwater storage dampened δ2H variations, obscuring signals of fast groundwater flow and complicating the estimation of older water fractions in the streams. Further, weekly-resolution δ2H sampling yielded deceptively high model performance, highlighting the need for complementary and groundwater-level data to improve catchment-scale transit-time estimates.
Christopher Thoma, Borbala Szeles, Miriam Bertola, Elmar Schmaltz, Carmen Krammer, Peter Strauss, and Günter Blöschl
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2541, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2541, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS).
Short summary
Short summary
We studied how farming practices affect soil and sediment movement in a small Austrian catchment. By monitoring water and sediment during 55 rain events, we found that erosion control worked well in flat fields near the stream, but not in steep or distant fields. Our results show that reducing soil loss requires strategies that consider slope, distance to streams, and how water flows through the landscape.
Paolo Nasta, Günter Blöschl, Heye R. Bogena, Steffen Zacharias, Roland Baatz, Gabriëlle De Lannoy, Karsten H. Jensen, Salvatore Manfreda, Laurent Pfister, Ana M. Tarquis, Ilja van Meerveld, Marc Voltz, Yijian Zeng, William Kustas, Xin Li, Harry Vereecken, and Nunzio Romano
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 465–483, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-465-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-465-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Unsolved Problems in Hydrology (UPH) initiative has emphasized the need to establish networks of multi-decadal hydrological observatories to tackle catchment-scale challenges on a global scale. This opinion paper provocatively discusses two endmembers of possible future hydrological observatory (HO) networks for a given hypothesized community budget: a comprehensive set of moderately instrumented observatories or, alternatively, a small number of highly instrumented supersites.
Bruno Merz, Günter Blöschl, Robert Jüpner, Heidi Kreibich, Kai Schröter, and Sergiy Vorogushyn
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4015–4030, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4015-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4015-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Flood risk assessments help us decide how to reduce the risk of flooding. Since these assessments are based on probabilities, it is hard to check their accuracy by comparing them to past data. We suggest a new way to validate these assessments, making sure they are practical for real-life decisions. This approach looks at both the technical details and the real-world situations where decisions are made. We demonstrate its practicality by applying it to flood emergency planning.
Alberto Montanari, Bruno Merz, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 2603–2615, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2603-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2603-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Floods often take communities by surprise, as they are often considered virtually
impossibleyet are an ever-present threat similar to the sword suspended over the head of Damocles in the classical Greek anecdote. We discuss four reasons why extremely large floods carry a risk that is often larger than expected. We provide suggestions for managing the risk of megafloods by calling for a creative exploration of hazard scenarios and communicating the unknown corners of the reality of floods.
Mohammad Ghoreishi, Amin Elshorbagy, Saman Razavi, Günter Blöschl, Murugesu Sivapalan, and Ahmed Abdelkader
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1201–1219, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1201-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1201-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study proposes a quantitative model of the willingness to cooperate in the Eastern Nile River basin. Our results suggest that the 2008 food crisis may account for Sudan recovering its willingness to cooperate with Ethiopia. Long-term lack of trust among the riparian countries may have reduced basin-wide cooperation. The model can be used to explore the effects of changes in future dam operations and other management decisions on the emergence of basin cooperation.
Enrico Bonanno, Günter Blöschl, and Julian Klaus
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 6003–6028, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6003-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6003-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
There is an unclear understanding of which processes regulate the transport of water, solutes, and pollutants in streams. This is crucial since these processes control water quality in river networks. Compared to other approaches, we obtained clearer insights into the processes controlling solute transport in the investigated reach. This work highlights the risks of using uncertain results for interpreting the processes controlling water movement in streams.
Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5015–5033, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5015-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5015-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
There is serious concern that river floods are increasing. Starting from explanations discussed in public, the article addresses three hypotheses: land-use change, hydraulic structures, and climate change increase floods. This review finds that all three changes have the potential to not only increase floods, but also to reduce them. It is crucial to consider all three factors of change in flood risk management and communicate them to the general public in a nuanced way.
Shengping Wang, Borbala Szeles, Carmen Krammer, Elmar Schmaltz, Kepeng Song, Yifan Li, Zhiqiang Zhang, Günter Blöschl, and Peter Strauss
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3021–3036, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3021-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3021-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study explored the quantitative contribution of agricultural intensification and climate change to the sediment load of a small agricultural watershed. Rather than a change in climatic conditions, changes in the land structure notably altered sediment concentrations under high-flow conditions, thereby contributing most to the increase in annual sediment loads. More consideration of land structure improvement is required when combating the transfer of soil from land to water.
Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2469–2480, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2469-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2469-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Sound understanding of how floods come about allows for the development of more reliable flood management tools that assist in mitigating their negative impacts. This article reviews river flood generation processes and flow paths across space scales, starting from water movement in the soil pores and moving up to hillslopes, catchments, regions and entire continents. To assist model development, there is a need to learn from observed patterns of flood generation processes at all spatial scales.
Rui Tong, Juraj Parajka, Borbála Széles, Isabella Greimeister-Pfeil, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Jürgen Komma, Peter Valent, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1779–1799, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The role and impact of using additional data (other than runoff) for the prediction of daily hydrographs in ungauged basins are not well understood. In this study, we assessed the model performance in terms of runoff, soil moisture, and snow cover predictions with the existing regionalization approaches. Results show that the best transfer methods are the similarity and the kriging approaches. The performance of the transfer methods differs between lowland and alpine catchments.
Wouter Dorigo, Irene Himmelbauer, Daniel Aberer, Lukas Schremmer, Ivana Petrakovic, Luca Zappa, Wolfgang Preimesberger, Angelika Xaver, Frank Annor, Jonas Ardö, Dennis Baldocchi, Marco Bitelli, Günter Blöschl, Heye Bogena, Luca Brocca, Jean-Christophe Calvet, J. Julio Camarero, Giorgio Capello, Minha Choi, Michael C. Cosh, Nick van de Giesen, Istvan Hajdu, Jaakko Ikonen, Karsten H. Jensen, Kasturi Devi Kanniah, Ileen de Kat, Gottfried Kirchengast, Pankaj Kumar Rai, Jenni Kyrouac, Kristine Larson, Suxia Liu, Alexander Loew, Mahta Moghaddam, José Martínez Fernández, Cristian Mattar Bader, Renato Morbidelli, Jan P. Musial, Elise Osenga, Michael A. Palecki, Thierry Pellarin, George P. Petropoulos, Isabella Pfeil, Jarrett Powers, Alan Robock, Christoph Rüdiger, Udo Rummel, Michael Strobel, Zhongbo Su, Ryan Sullivan, Torbern Tagesson, Andrej Varlagin, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Jeffrey Walker, Jun Wen, Fred Wenger, Jean Pierre Wigneron, Mel Woods, Kun Yang, Yijian Zeng, Xiang Zhang, Marek Zreda, Stephan Dietrich, Alexander Gruber, Peter van Oevelen, Wolfgang Wagner, Klaus Scipal, Matthias Drusch, and Roberto Sabia
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5749–5804, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN) is a community-based open-access data portal for soil water measurements taken at the ground and is accessible at https://ismn.earth. Over 1000 scientific publications and thousands of users have made use of the ISMN. The scope of this paper is to inform readers about the data and functionality of the ISMN and to provide a review of the scientific progress facilitated through the ISMN with the scope to shape future research and operations.
David Lun, Alberto Viglione, Miriam Bertola, Jürgen Komma, Juraj Parajka, Peter Valent, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5535–5560, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5535-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5535-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate statistical properties of observed flood series on a European scale. There are pronounced regional patterns, for instance: regions with strong Atlantic influence show less year-to-year variability in the magnitude of observed floods when compared with more arid regions of Europe. The hydrological controls on the patterns are quantified and discussed. On the European scale, climate seems to be the dominant driver for the observed patterns.
Concetta Di Mauro, Renaud Hostache, Patrick Matgen, Ramona Pelich, Marco Chini, Peter Jan van Leeuwen, Nancy K. Nichols, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4081–4097, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4081-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4081-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluates how the sequential assimilation of flood extent derived from synthetic aperture radar data can help improve flood forecasting. In particular, we carried out twin experiments based on a synthetically generated dataset with controlled uncertainty. Our empirical results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed data assimilation framework, as forecasting errors are substantially reduced as a result of the assimilation.
Lovrenc Pavlin, Borbála Széles, Peter Strauss, Alfred Paul Blaschke, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2327–2352, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2327-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2327-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We compared the dynamics of streamflow, groundwater and soil moisture to investigate how different parts of an agricultural catchment in Lower Austria are connected. Groundwater is best connected around the stream and worse uphill, where groundwater is deeper. Soil moisture connectivity increases with increasing catchment wetness but is not influenced by spatial position in the catchment. Groundwater is more connected to the stream on the seasonal scale compared to the event scale.
Rui Tong, Juraj Parajka, Andreas Salentinig, Isabella Pfeil, Jürgen Komma, Borbála Széles, Martin Kubáň, Peter Valent, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Wolfgang Wagner, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1389–1410, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1389-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1389-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We used a new and experimental version of the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) soil water index data set and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) C6 snow cover products for multiple objective calibrations of the TUWmodel in 213 catchments of Austria. Combined calibration to runoff, satellite soil moisture, and snow cover improves runoff (40 % catchments), soil moisture (80 % catchments), and snow (~ 100 % catchments) simulation compared to traditional calibration to runoff only.
Miriam Bertola, Alberto Viglione, Sergiy Vorogushyn, David Lun, Bruno Merz, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1347–1364, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1347-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1347-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We estimate the contribution of extreme precipitation, antecedent soil moisture and snowmelt to changes in small and large floods across Europe.
In northwestern and eastern Europe, changes in small and large floods are driven mainly by one single driver (i.e. extreme precipitation and snowmelt, respectively). In southern Europe both antecedent soil moisture and extreme precipitation significantly contribute to flood changes, and their relative importance depends on flood magnitude.
Hatice Türk, Christine Stumpp, Markus Hrachowitz, Karsten Schulz, Peter Strauss, Günter Blöschl, and Michael Stockinger
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 3935–3956, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3935-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3935-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Using advances in transit time estimation and tracer data, we tested if fast-flow transit times are controlled solely by soil moisture or if they are also controlled by precipitation intensity. We used soil-moisture-dependent and precipitation-intensity-conditional transfer functions. We showed that a significant portion of event water bypasses the soil matrix through fast flow paths (overland flow, tile drains, preferential-flow paths) in dry soil conditions for both low- and high-intensity precipitation.
Hatice Türk, Christine Stumpp, Markus Hrachowitz, Peter Strauss, Günter Blöschl, and Michael Stockinger
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2597, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2597, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows that stream flow isotope data (δ2H) were inadequate for distinguishing preferential groundwater flow. Large passive groundwater storage dampened δ2H variations, obscuring signals of fast groundwater flow and complicating the estimation of older water fractions in the streams. Further, weekly-resolution δ2H sampling yielded deceptively high model performance, highlighting the need for complementary and groundwater-level data to improve catchment-scale transit-time estimates.
Christopher Thoma, Borbala Szeles, Miriam Bertola, Elmar Schmaltz, Carmen Krammer, Peter Strauss, and Günter Blöschl
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2541, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2541, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS).
Short summary
Short summary
We studied how farming practices affect soil and sediment movement in a small Austrian catchment. By monitoring water and sediment during 55 rain events, we found that erosion control worked well in flat fields near the stream, but not in steep or distant fields. Our results show that reducing soil loss requires strategies that consider slope, distance to streams, and how water flows through the landscape.
Florian Pöppl, Andrea Spitzer, Andreas Ullrich, and Norbert Pfeifer
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W4-2025, 109–114, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W4-2025-109-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W4-2025-109-2025, 2025
Paolo Nasta, Günter Blöschl, Heye R. Bogena, Steffen Zacharias, Roland Baatz, Gabriëlle De Lannoy, Karsten H. Jensen, Salvatore Manfreda, Laurent Pfister, Ana M. Tarquis, Ilja van Meerveld, Marc Voltz, Yijian Zeng, William Kustas, Xin Li, Harry Vereecken, and Nunzio Romano
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 465–483, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-465-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-465-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Unsolved Problems in Hydrology (UPH) initiative has emphasized the need to establish networks of multi-decadal hydrological observatories to tackle catchment-scale challenges on a global scale. This opinion paper provocatively discusses two endmembers of possible future hydrological observatory (HO) networks for a given hypothesized community budget: a comprehensive set of moderately instrumented observatories or, alternatively, a small number of highly instrumented supersites.
Martin Wieser, Geert Verhoeven, Benjamin Wild, and Norbert Pfeifer
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W8-2024, 463–470, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W8-2024-463-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W8-2024-463-2024, 2024
Thirawat Bannakulpiphat, Wilfried Karel, Camillo Ressl, and Norbert Pfeifer
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2-W7-2024, 17–24, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W7-2024-17-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-W7-2024-17-2024, 2024
Bruno Merz, Günter Blöschl, Robert Jüpner, Heidi Kreibich, Kai Schröter, and Sergiy Vorogushyn
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4015–4030, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4015-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4015-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Flood risk assessments help us decide how to reduce the risk of flooding. Since these assessments are based on probabilities, it is hard to check their accuracy by comparing them to past data. We suggest a new way to validate these assessments, making sure they are practical for real-life decisions. This approach looks at both the technical details and the real-world situations where decisions are made. We demonstrate its practicality by applying it to flood emergency planning.
Alberto Montanari, Bruno Merz, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 2603–2615, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2603-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2603-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Floods often take communities by surprise, as they are often considered virtually
impossibleyet are an ever-present threat similar to the sword suspended over the head of Damocles in the classical Greek anecdote. We discuss four reasons why extremely large floods carry a risk that is often larger than expected. We provide suggestions for managing the risk of megafloods by calling for a creative exploration of hazard scenarios and communicating the unknown corners of the reality of floods.
Matteo Pesce, Alberto Viglione, Jost von Hardenberg, Larisa Tarasova, Stefano Basso, Ralf Merz, Juraj Parajka, and Rui Tong
Proc. IAHS, 385, 65–69, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-385-65-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-385-65-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The manuscript describes an application of PArameter Set Shuffling (PASS) approach in the Alpine region. A machine learning decision-tree algorithm is applied for the regional calibration of a conceptual semi-distributed hydrological model. Regional model efficiencies don't decrease significantly when moving in space from catchments used for the regional calibration (training) to catchments used for the procedure validation (test) and, in time, from the calibration to the verification period.
Moritz Altmann, Madlene Pfeiffer, Florian Haas, Jakob Rom, Fabian Fleischer, Tobias Heckmann, Livia Piermattei, Michael Wimmer, Lukas Braun, Manuel Stark, Sarah Betz-Nutz, and Michael Becht
Earth Surf. Dynam., 12, 399–431, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-399-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-399-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We show a long-term erosion monitoring of several sections on Little Ice Age lateral moraines with derived sediment yield from historical and current digital elevation modelling (DEM)-based differences. The first study period shows a clearly higher range of variability of sediment yield within the sites than the later periods. In most cases, a decreasing trend of geomorphic activity was observed.
F. Pöppl, G. Mandlburger, and N. Pfeifer
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W3-2023, 161–166, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-161-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W3-2023-161-2023, 2023
B. Wild, G. Verhoeven, and N. Pfeifer
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-M-1-2023, 285–292, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-M-1-2023-285-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-M-1-2023-285-2023, 2023
I. Cortesi, A. Masiero, N. Pfeifer, and G. Tucci
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 101–106, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-101-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-101-2023, 2023
F. Pöppl, H. Teufelsbauer, A. Ullrich, and N. Pfeifer
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-1-W1-2023, 403–410, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-403-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-1-W1-2023-403-2023, 2023
Livia Piermattei, Tobias Heckmann, Sarah Betz-Nutz, Moritz Altmann, Jakob Rom, Fabian Fleischer, Manuel Stark, Florian Haas, Camillo Ressl, Michael H. Wimmer, Norbert Pfeifer, and Michael Becht
Earth Surf. Dynam., 11, 383–403, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-383-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-11-383-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Alpine rivers have experienced strong changes over the last century. In the present study, we explore the potential of historical multi-temporal elevation models, combined with recent topographic data, to quantify 66 years (from 1953 to 2019) of river changes in the glacier forefield of an Alpine catchment. Thereby, we quantify the changes in the river form as well as the related sediment erosion and deposition.
Mohammad Ghoreishi, Amin Elshorbagy, Saman Razavi, Günter Blöschl, Murugesu Sivapalan, and Ahmed Abdelkader
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1201–1219, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1201-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1201-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study proposes a quantitative model of the willingness to cooperate in the Eastern Nile River basin. Our results suggest that the 2008 food crisis may account for Sudan recovering its willingness to cooperate with Ethiopia. Long-term lack of trust among the riparian countries may have reduced basin-wide cooperation. The model can be used to explore the effects of changes in future dam operations and other management decisions on the emergence of basin cooperation.
Enrico Bonanno, Günter Blöschl, and Julian Klaus
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 6003–6028, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6003-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6003-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
There is an unclear understanding of which processes regulate the transport of water, solutes, and pollutants in streams. This is crucial since these processes control water quality in river networks. Compared to other approaches, we obtained clearer insights into the processes controlling solute transport in the investigated reach. This work highlights the risks of using uncertain results for interpreting the processes controlling water movement in streams.
N. Homainejad, S. Zlatanova, S. M. E. Sepasgozar, and N. Pfeifer
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-4-W2-2022, 113–119, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-W2-2022-113-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-W2-2022-113-2022, 2022
Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5015–5033, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5015-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5015-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
There is serious concern that river floods are increasing. Starting from explanations discussed in public, the article addresses three hypotheses: land-use change, hydraulic structures, and climate change increase floods. This review finds that all three changes have the potential to not only increase floods, but also to reduce them. It is crucial to consider all three factors of change in flood risk management and communicate them to the general public in a nuanced way.
Shengping Wang, Borbala Szeles, Carmen Krammer, Elmar Schmaltz, Kepeng Song, Yifan Li, Zhiqiang Zhang, Günter Blöschl, and Peter Strauss
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3021–3036, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3021-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3021-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study explored the quantitative contribution of agricultural intensification and climate change to the sediment load of a small agricultural watershed. Rather than a change in climatic conditions, changes in the land structure notably altered sediment concentrations under high-flow conditions, thereby contributing most to the increase in annual sediment loads. More consideration of land structure improvement is required when combating the transfer of soil from land to water.
R. Arav, F. Pöppl, and N. Pfeifer
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-2-2022, 95–102, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2022-95-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2022-95-2022, 2022
N. Homainejad, S. Zlatanova, and N. Pfeifer
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-3-2022, 697–704, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-3-2022-697-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-3-2022-697-2022, 2022
Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2469–2480, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2469-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2469-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Sound understanding of how floods come about allows for the development of more reliable flood management tools that assist in mitigating their negative impacts. This article reviews river flood generation processes and flow paths across space scales, starting from water movement in the soil pores and moving up to hillslopes, catchments, regions and entire continents. To assist model development, there is a need to learn from observed patterns of flood generation processes at all spatial scales.
Rui Tong, Juraj Parajka, Borbála Széles, Isabella Greimeister-Pfeil, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Jürgen Komma, Peter Valent, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1779–1799, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The role and impact of using additional data (other than runoff) for the prediction of daily hydrographs in ungauged basins are not well understood. In this study, we assessed the model performance in terms of runoff, soil moisture, and snow cover predictions with the existing regionalization approaches. Results show that the best transfer methods are the similarity and the kriging approaches. The performance of the transfer methods differs between lowland and alpine catchments.
G. Verhoeven, B. Wild, J. Schlegel, M. Wieser, N. Pfeifer, S. Wogrin, L. Eysn, M. Carloni, B. Koschiček-Krombholz, A. Molada-Tebar, J. Otepka-Schremmer, C. Ressl, M. Trognitz, and A. Watzinger
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVI-2-W1-2022, 513–520, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-513-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-2-W1-2022-513-2022, 2022
Fabian Fleischer, Florian Haas, Livia Piermattei, Madlene Pfeiffer, Tobias Heckmann, Moritz Altmann, Jakob Rom, Manuel Stark, Michael H. Wimmer, Norbert Pfeifer, and Michael Becht
The Cryosphere, 15, 5345–5369, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-5345-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-5345-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the long-term (1953–2017) morphodynamic changes in rock glaciers in Kaunertal valley, Austria. Using a combination of historical aerial photographs and laser scanning data, we derive information on flow velocities and surface elevation changes. We observe a loss of volume and an acceleration from the late 1990s onwards. We explain this by changes in the meteorological forcing. Individual rock glaciers react to these changes to varying degrees.
Wouter Dorigo, Irene Himmelbauer, Daniel Aberer, Lukas Schremmer, Ivana Petrakovic, Luca Zappa, Wolfgang Preimesberger, Angelika Xaver, Frank Annor, Jonas Ardö, Dennis Baldocchi, Marco Bitelli, Günter Blöschl, Heye Bogena, Luca Brocca, Jean-Christophe Calvet, J. Julio Camarero, Giorgio Capello, Minha Choi, Michael C. Cosh, Nick van de Giesen, Istvan Hajdu, Jaakko Ikonen, Karsten H. Jensen, Kasturi Devi Kanniah, Ileen de Kat, Gottfried Kirchengast, Pankaj Kumar Rai, Jenni Kyrouac, Kristine Larson, Suxia Liu, Alexander Loew, Mahta Moghaddam, José Martínez Fernández, Cristian Mattar Bader, Renato Morbidelli, Jan P. Musial, Elise Osenga, Michael A. Palecki, Thierry Pellarin, George P. Petropoulos, Isabella Pfeil, Jarrett Powers, Alan Robock, Christoph Rüdiger, Udo Rummel, Michael Strobel, Zhongbo Su, Ryan Sullivan, Torbern Tagesson, Andrej Varlagin, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Jeffrey Walker, Jun Wen, Fred Wenger, Jean Pierre Wigneron, Mel Woods, Kun Yang, Yijian Zeng, Xiang Zhang, Marek Zreda, Stephan Dietrich, Alexander Gruber, Peter van Oevelen, Wolfgang Wagner, Klaus Scipal, Matthias Drusch, and Roberto Sabia
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5749–5804, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN) is a community-based open-access data portal for soil water measurements taken at the ground and is accessible at https://ismn.earth. Over 1000 scientific publications and thousands of users have made use of the ISMN. The scope of this paper is to inform readers about the data and functionality of the ISMN and to provide a review of the scientific progress facilitated through the ISMN with the scope to shape future research and operations.
David Lun, Alberto Viglione, Miriam Bertola, Jürgen Komma, Juraj Parajka, Peter Valent, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5535–5560, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5535-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5535-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate statistical properties of observed flood series on a European scale. There are pronounced regional patterns, for instance: regions with strong Atlantic influence show less year-to-year variability in the magnitude of observed floods when compared with more arid regions of Europe. The hydrological controls on the patterns are quantified and discussed. On the European scale, climate seems to be the dominant driver for the observed patterns.
Concetta Di Mauro, Renaud Hostache, Patrick Matgen, Ramona Pelich, Marco Chini, Peter Jan van Leeuwen, Nancy K. Nichols, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4081–4097, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4081-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4081-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluates how the sequential assimilation of flood extent derived from synthetic aperture radar data can help improve flood forecasting. In particular, we carried out twin experiments based on a synthetically generated dataset with controlled uncertainty. Our empirical results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed data assimilation framework, as forecasting errors are substantially reduced as a result of the assimilation.
Paul C. Astagneau, Guillaume Thirel, Olivier Delaigue, Joseph H. A. Guillaume, Juraj Parajka, Claudia C. Brauer, Alberto Viglione, Wouter Buytaert, and Keith J. Beven
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3937–3973, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3937-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3937-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The R programming language has become an important tool for many applications in hydrology. In this study, we provide an analysis of some of the R tools providing hydrological models. In total, two aspects are uniformly investigated, namely the conceptualisation of the models and the practicality of their implementation for end-users. These comparisons aim at easing the choice of R tools for users and at improving their usability for hydrology modelling to support more transferable research.
A. Iglseder, M. Bruggisser, A. Dostálová, N. Pfeifer, S. Schlaffer, W. Wagner, and M. Hollaus
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B3-2021, 567–574, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B3-2021-567-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B3-2021-567-2021, 2021
J. Otepka, G. Mandlburger, W. Karel, B. Wöhrer, C. Ressl, and N. Pfeifer
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., V-2-2021, 35–42, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2021-35-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-V-2-2021-35-2021, 2021
Lovrenc Pavlin, Borbála Széles, Peter Strauss, Alfred Paul Blaschke, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2327–2352, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2327-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2327-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We compared the dynamics of streamflow, groundwater and soil moisture to investigate how different parts of an agricultural catchment in Lower Austria are connected. Groundwater is best connected around the stream and worse uphill, where groundwater is deeper. Soil moisture connectivity increases with increasing catchment wetness but is not influenced by spatial position in the catchment. Groundwater is more connected to the stream on the seasonal scale compared to the event scale.
Rui Tong, Juraj Parajka, Andreas Salentinig, Isabella Pfeil, Jürgen Komma, Borbála Széles, Martin Kubáň, Peter Valent, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Wolfgang Wagner, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1389–1410, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1389-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1389-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We used a new and experimental version of the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) soil water index data set and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) C6 snow cover products for multiple objective calibrations of the TUWmodel in 213 catchments of Austria. Combined calibration to runoff, satellite soil moisture, and snow cover improves runoff (40 % catchments), soil moisture (80 % catchments), and snow (~ 100 % catchments) simulation compared to traditional calibration to runoff only.
Miriam Bertola, Alberto Viglione, Sergiy Vorogushyn, David Lun, Bruno Merz, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1347–1364, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1347-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1347-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We estimate the contribution of extreme precipitation, antecedent soil moisture and snowmelt to changes in small and large floods across Europe.
In northwestern and eastern Europe, changes in small and large floods are driven mainly by one single driver (i.e. extreme precipitation and snowmelt, respectively). In southern Europe both antecedent soil moisture and extreme precipitation significantly contribute to flood changes, and their relative importance depends on flood magnitude.
Mattia Neri, Juraj Parajka, and Elena Toth
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5149–5171, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5149-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5149-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
One of the most informative ways to gain information on ungauged river sections is through the implementation of a rainfall-runoff model, exploiting the information collected in gauged catchments in the study area. This study analyses how the performances of different model regionalisation approaches are influenced by the informative content of the available regional data set, in order to identify the methods that are more suitable for the data availability in the region.
Cited articles
Alfieri, L., Salamon, P., Bianchi, A., Neal, J., Bates, P., and Feyen, L.: Advances in pan – European flood hazard mapping, Hydrol. Process., 28, 4067–4077, 2014.
Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung: Local flood hazard maps, Open Government Data [data set], https://data-tiris.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/ueberflutungsflaechen-1 (last access: 19 June 2024), 2024.
Annis, A., Nardi, F., Volpi, E., and Fiori, A.: Quantifying the relative impact of hydrological and hydraulic modelling parameterizations on uncertainty of inundation maps, Hydrol. Sc. J., 65, 507–523, 2020.
Arcement, G. J. and Schneider, V. R.: Guide for selecting Manning’s roughness coefficients for natural channels and flood plains, U.S. Government Printing Office, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2339, 1989.
Aronica, G., Bates, P. D., and Horritt, M. S.: Assessing the uncertainty in distributed model predictions using observed binary pattern information within GLUE, Hydrol. Process., 16, 2001–2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.398, 2002.
Assteerawatt A., Tsaknias D., Azemar F., Ghosh S., and Hilberts A.: Large-scale and high-resolution flood risk model for Japan. FLOODrisk 2016 – 3rd European conference on flood risk management, 11009, 1–5, https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20160711009, 2016.
Ayalew, T. B., Krajewski, W. F., and Mantilla, R.: Exploring the effect of reservoir storage on peak discharge frequency, J. Hydrol. Eng., 18, 1697–1708, 2013.
Bates, P. D., Quinn, N., Sampson, C., Smith, A., Wing, O., Sosa, J., Savage, J., Olcese, G., Neal, J., Schumann, G., Giustarini, L., Coxon, G., Porter, J. R., Amodeo, M. F., Chu, Z., Lewis-Gruss, S., Freeman, N. B., Houser, T., Delgado, M., Hamidi, A., Bolliger, I., McCusker, K. E., Emanuel, K., Ferreira, C. M., Khalid, A., Haigh, I. D., Couasnon, A., Kopp, R. E., Hsiang, S., and Krajewski, W. F.: Combined modeling of us fluvial, pluvial, and coastal flood hazard under current and future climates, Water Resour. Res., 57, e2020WR028673, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028673, 2021.
Blöschl, G.: Flood generation: process patterns from the raindrop to the ocean, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2469–2480, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2469-2022, 2022a.
Blöschl, G.: Three hypotheses on changing river flood hazards, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5015–5033, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5015-2022, 2022b.
Blöschl, G. and Sivapalan, M.: Scale issues in hydrological modelling: a review, Hydrol. Process., 9, 251–290, 1995.
Blöschl, G. and Sivapalan, M.: Process controls on regional flood frequency: Coefficient of variation and basin scale, Water Resour. Res., 33, 2967–2980, 1997.
Blöschl, G., Sivapalan, M., Wagener, T., Viglione, A., and Savenije, H. H. G.: Runoff Prediction in Ungauged Basins – Synthesis across Processes, Places and Scales, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 465, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139235761, 2013.
Blöschl, G., Hall, J., Parajka, J., Perdigão, R. A. P., Merz, B., Arheimer, B., Aronica, G. T., Bilibashi, A., Boháč, M. Bonacci, O., Borga, M., Čanjevac, I., Castellarin, A., Chirico, G. B., Claps, P., Fiala, K., Frolova, N., Gorbachova, L., Gül, A., Hannaford, J., Harrigan, S., Kireeva, M., Kiss, A., Kjeldsen, T. R., Kohnová, S., Koskela, J. J., Ledvinka, O., Macdonald, N., Mavrova- Guirguinova, M., Mediero, L., Merz, R., Molnar, P., Montanari, A., Murphy, C., Osuch, M., Ovcharuk, V., Radevski, I., Rogger, M., Salinas, J. L., Sauquet, E., Šraj, M., Szolgay, J., Viglione, A., Volpi, E.,Wilson, D., Zaimi, K., and Živković, N.: Changing climate both increases and decreases European river floods, Nature, 573, 108–111, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1495-6, 2019.
BML: Federal guidelines for dam safety – floods, in German [Leitfaden zum Nachweis der Hochwassersicherheit von Talsperren] Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Regions and Water Management, Stubenring 1, 1010 Wien, Austria, 2024.
Breinl, K., Lun, D., Müller-Thomy, H., and Blöschl, G.: Understanding the relationship between rainfall and flood probabilities through combined intensity-duration-frequency analysis, J. Hydrol., 602, 126759, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126759, 2021.
Buttinger-Kreuzhuber, A., Horváth, Z., Noelle, S., Blöschl, G., and Waser, J.: A fast second-order shallow water scheme on two-dimensional structured grids over abrupt topography, Adv. Water Resour., 127, 89–108, 2019.
Buttinger-Kreuzhuber, A., Konev, A., Horváth, Z., Cornel, D., Schwerdorf, I., Blöschl, G., and Waser, J.: An integrated GPU-accelerated modeling framework for high-resolution simulations of rural and urban flash floods, Environ. Modell. Softw., 105480, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2022.105480, 2022a.
Buttinger-Kreuzhuber, A., Waser, J., Cornel, D., Horvath, Z., Konev, A., Wimmer, M. H., Komma, J., and Blöschl, G.: High-resolution locally relevant hydrodynamic modeling of river floods at the country scale, Water Resour. Res., 58, e2021WR030820, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR030820, 2022b.
Chow, V. T.: Open-channel hydraulics, McGraw-Hill, ISBN-10 0070107769, 1959.
Connaughton, J., King, N., Dong, L., Ji, P., and Lund, J.: Comparing simple flood reservoir operation rules, Water, 6, 2717–2731, 2014.
Cornel D., Konev, A., Sadransky, B., Horvath, Z., Gröller, E., and Waser, J.: Visualization of Object-Centered Vulnerability to Possible Flood Hazards, Comput. Graph. Forum, 34, 331–341, https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12645, 2015.
Díez-Herrero, A., Huerta, L. L., and Isidro, M. L.: A handbook on flood hazard mapping methodologies, Vol. 2, IGME, ISBN-10 8478408134, 2009.
Domeneghetti, A., Vorogushyn, S., Castellarin, A., Merz, B., and Brath, A.: Probabilistic flood hazard mapping: effects of uncertain boundary conditions, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 3127–3140, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3127-2013, 2013.
Domeneghetti, A., Schumann, G. J. P., and Tarpanelli, A.: Preface: remote sensing for flood mapping and monitoring of flood dynamics, Remote Sens., 11, 943, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11080943, 2019.
Dottori, F., Di Baldassarre, G., and Todini, E.: Detailed data is welcome, but with a pinch of salt: Accuracy, precision, and uncertainty in flood inundation modeling, Water Resour. Res., 49, 6079–6085, 2013.
DWA: Estimation of flood probabilities, Guideline DWA-M 552, in German [Ermittlung von Hochwasserwahrscheinlichkeiten], German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste (DWA) Hennef, Germany, ISBN 978-3-942964-25-8, 2012.
eHYD: Flood peak data and discharge data, eHYD [data set], https://ehyd.gv.at (last access: 19 June 2024), 2024.
Falter, D., Schröter, K., Dung, N. V., Vorogushyn, S., Kreibich, H., Hundecha, Y., Apel, H., and Merz, B.: Spatially coherent flood risk assessment based on long-term continuous simulation with a coupled model chain, J. Hydrol., 524, 182–193, 2015.
Falter, D., Dung, N. V., Vorogushyn, S., Schröter, K., Hundecha, Y., Kreibich, H., Apel, H., Theisselmann, F., and Merz, B.: Continuous, large – scale simulation model for flood risk assessments: proof – of – concept, J. Flood Risk Manag., 9, 3–21, 2016.
FEH: Flood Estimation Handbook, Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK, ISBN-10: 0948540923, 1999.
Gaál, L., Szolgay, J., Kohnová, S., Parajka, J., Merz, R., Viglione, A., and Blöschl, G.: Flood timescales: Understanding the interplay of climate and catchment processes through comparative hydrology, Water Resour. Res., 48, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011509, 2012.
Grayson, R. B., Blöschl, G., Western, A. W., and McMahon, T. A.: Advances in the use of observed spatial patterns of catchment hydrological response, Adv. Water Resour., 25, 1313–1334, 2002.
Guillot, P.: Application of the method of gradex, in: Floods and droughts, edited by: Schulz, E. F., Koelzer, V. A., and Mahmood, K., Proceedings of the Second International Symposium in Hydrology, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, Water Resources Publications, 44–49, 1972.
Hoch, J. M. and Trigg, M. A.: Advancing global flood hazard simulations by improving comparability, benchmarking, and integration of global flood models, Environ. Res. Lett., 14, 034001, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf3d3, 2019.
Horváth, Z., Perdigao, R. A. P., Waser, J., Cornel, D., Konev, A., and Blöschl, G.: Kepler Shuffle for Real-World Flood Simulations on GPUs, Int. J. High Perform. C., https://doi.org/10.1177/1094342016630800, 2016.
Horváth, Z., Buttinger-Kreuzhuber, A., Konev, A., Cornel, D., Komma, J., Blöschl, G., Noelle, S., and Waser, J.: Comparison of fast shallow-water schemes on real-world floods, J. Hydraul. Eng., 146, 05019005, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001657, 2020.
Jankowfsky, S., Hilberts, A., Mortgat, C., Li, S., Xu, N., Mei, Y., Tillmanns, S., Tian Y., and Yang, Y.: The RMS US inland flood model, E3S Web of Conferences, vol. 7, 04014, EDP Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20160704014, 2016.
Lun, D., Viglione, A., Bertola, M., Komma, J., Parajka, J., Valent, P., and Blöschl, G.: Characteristics and process controls of statistical flood moments in Europe – a data-based analysis, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5535–5560, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5535-2021, 2021.
Mandlburger, G.: Verdichtung von Echolot-Querprofilen unter Berücksichtigung der Flussmorphologie, Österr. Zeitschrift für Vermessung and Geoinformation, 88, 211–214, 2000.
Merz, R. and Blöschl, G.: Flood Frequency Regionalisation – spatial proximity vs. catchment attributes, J. Hydrol., 302, 283–306, 2005.
Merz, R. and Blöschl, G.: Flood frequency hydrology: 1. Temporal, spatial, and causal expansion of information, Water Resour. Res., 44, W08432, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006744, 2008a.
Merz R. and Blöschl, G.: Flood frequency hydrology: 2. Combining data evidence, Water Resour. Res., 44, W08433, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006745, 2008b.
Merz, R. and Blöschl, G.: Process controls on the statistical flood moments – a data based analysis, Hydrol. Process., 23, 675–696, 2009.
Merz, R., Blöschl, G., and Humer, G.: National flood discharge mapping in Austria, Nat. Hazards, 46, 53–72, 2008.
Mudashiru, R. B., Sabtu, N., Abustan, I., and Waheed, B.: Flood hazard mapping methods: A review, J. Hydrol., 126846, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126846, 2021.
ÖWAV: Rainfall-runoff modelling, Guideline 220 [Niederschlag-Abfluss-Modellierung], Austrian Water and Waste Management Association (ÖWAV), Vienna, Austria, https://www.oewav.at/Publikationen?current=372330&mode=form (last access: 26 April 2024), 2019 (in German).
Persiano, S., Salinas, J. L., Stedinger, J. R., Farmer, W. H., Lun, D., Viglione, A., Blöschl, G., and Castellarin, A.: A comparison between generalized least squares regression and top-kriging for homogeneous cross-correlated flood regions, Hydrolog. Sci. J., 66, 565–579, 2021.
Pfeifer, N. and Mandlburger, G.: LiDAR data filtering and DTM generation, in: Topographic Laser Ranging and Scanning, 307–334, CRC Press, ISBN 9781032476292, 2017.
Reszler, C., Komma, J., Stadler, H., Strobl, E., and Blöschl, G.: A propensity index for surface runoff on a karst plateau, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 6147–6161, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6147-2018, 2018.
Rogger, M., Kohl, B., Pirkl, H., Viglione, A., Komma, J., Kirnbauer, R., Merz, R., and Blöschl, G.: Runoff models and flood frequency statistics for design flood estimation in Austria – Do they tell a consistent story?, J. Hydrol., 456–457, 30–43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.05.068, 2012a.
Rogger, M., Pirkl, H., Viglione, A., Komma, J., Kohl, B., Kirnbauer, R., Merz, R., and Blöschl, G.: Step changes in the flood frequency curve: Process controls, Water Resour. Res., 48, W05544, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011187, 2012b.
Rosbjerg, D., Blöschl, G., Burn, D. H., Castellarin, A., Croke, B., DiBaldassarre, G., Iacobellis, V., Kjeldsen, T. R., Kuczera, G., Merz, R., Montanari, A., Morris, D., Ouarda, T. B. M. J., Ren, L., Rogger, M., Salinas, J. L., Toth, E., and Viglione, A.: Prediction of floods in ungauged basins, in: Runoff Prediction in Ungauged Basins, Synthesis across Processes, Places and Scales, Chap. 9, edited by: Blöschl, G., Sivapalan, M., Wagener, T., Viglione, A., and Savenije, H., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 135–162, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139235761, 2013.
Salinas, J. L., Laaha, G., Rogger, M., Parajka, J., Viglione, A., Sivapalan, M., and Blöschl, G.: Comparative assessment of predictions in ungauged basins – Part 2: Flood and low flow studies, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2637–2652, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2637-2013, 2013.
Savage, J. T. S., Bates, P., Freer, J., Neal, J., and Aronica, G.: When does spatial resolution become spurious in probabilistic flood inundation predictions?, Hydrol. Process., 30, 2014–2032, 2016.
Sayers, P., Yuanyuan, L., Galloway, G., Penning-Rowsell, E., Fuxin, S., Kang, W., Yiwei, C., and Quesne, T.: Flood Risk Management: A Strategic Approach, Asian Development Bank, GIWP, UNESCO and WWF-UK, ISBN 978-92-3-001159-8, 2013.
Schmid, F., Neuhold, C., and Wenk, M.: Die Gefahrenzonenplanung als Fachgrundlage zum integralen Hochwasserrisikomanagement, Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, 74, 129–133, 2022.
Schumann, G. J. P., Stampoulis, D., Smith, A. M., Sampson, C. C., Andreadis, K. M., Neal, J. C., and Bates, P. D.: Rethinking flood hazard at the global scale, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 10–249, 2016.
Sithole, G. and Vosselman, G.: Bridge detection in airborne laser scanner data, ISPRS J. Photogrammetry Remote Sensing, 61, 33–46, 2006.
Skøien, J. O., Merz, R., and Blöschl, G.: Top-kriging – geostatistics on stream networks, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 10, 277–287, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-277-2006, 2006.
Skoien, J. and Koffler, D.: rtop package, R-Forge [code], https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/rtop (last access: 19 June 2024), 2024.
Syme, W. J. and McColm, G. A.: Integration of Numerical Flood Modelling into Geographic lnformation Systems, Conference on Hydraulics in Civil Engineering, 4th, Sydney, N.S.W., Institution of Engineers, Australia, 172–176, ISBN 9780858255005, 1990.
Trigg, M. A., Birch, C. E., Neal, J. C., Bates, P. D., Smith, A., Sampson, C. C., Yamazaki, D., Hirabayashi, Y., Pappenberger, F., and Dutra, E.: The credibility challenge for global fluvial flood risk analysis, Environ. Res. Lett., 11, 094014, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/9/094014, 2016.
Viglione, A., Merz, R., and Blöschl, G.: On the role of the runoff coefficient in the mapping of rainfall to flood return periods, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 577–593, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-577-2009, 2009.
Viglione, A., Merz, R., Salinas, J. S., and Blöschl, G.: Flood frequency hydrology: 3. A Bayesian analysis, Water Resour. Res., 49, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010782, 2013.
Vorogushyn, S., Bates, P. D., de Bruijn, K., Castellarin, A., Kreibich, H., Priest, S., Schröter, K., Bagli, S., Blöschl, G., Domeneghetti, A., Gouldby, B., Klijn, F., Lammersen, R., Neal, J. C., Ridder, N., Terink, W., Viavattene, C., Viglione, A., Zanardo, S., and Merz, B.: Evolutionary leap in large – scale flood risk assessment needed, WIRES Water, 5, e1266, https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1266, 2018.
Wang, W., Li, H.-Y., Leung, L. R., Yigzaw, W., Zhao, J., Lu, H., Deng, Z., Demisie Y., and Blöschl, G.: Nonlinear filtering effects of reservoirs on flood frequency curves at the regional scale, Water Resour. Res., 53, 8277–8292, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020871, 2017.
Ward, P. J., Jongman, B., Salamon, P., Simpson, A., Bates, P., De Groeve, T., Muis, S., de Perez, E. C., Rudari, R., Trigg, M. A., and Winsemius, H. C.: Usefulness and limitations of global flood risk models, Nat. Clim. Change, 5, 712–715, 2015.
Waser, J., Ribičić, H., Fuchs, R., Hirsch, C., Schindler, B., Blöschl, G., and Gröller E.,: Nodes on Ropes: A Comprehensive Data and Control Flow for Steering Ensemble Simulations, IEEE T. Vis. Comput. Gr., 17, 1872–1881, https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2011.225, 2011.
Wimmer, M. H., Hollaus, M., Blöschl, G., Buttinger-Kreuzhuber, A., Komma, J,. Waser, J., and Pfeifer, N.: Processing of nationwide topographic data for ensuring consistent river network representation, J. Hydrol., 13, 100106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2021.100106, 2021.
Wing, O. E., Bates, P. D., Sampson, C. C., Smith, A. M., Johnson, K. A., and Erickson, T. A.: Validation of a 30 m resolution flood hazard model of the conterminous United States, Water Resour. Res., 53, 7968–7986, 2017.
Short summary
A methodology of regional flood hazard mapping is proposed, based on data in Austria, which combines automatic methods with manual interventions to maximise efficiency and to obtain estimation accuracy similar to that of local studies. Flood discharge records from 781 stations are used to estimate flood hazard patterns of a given return period at a resolution of 2 m over a total stream length of 38 000 km. The hazard maps are used for civil protection, risk awareness and insurance purposes.
A methodology of regional flood hazard mapping is proposed, based on data in Austria, which...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint