Articles | Volume 23, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-507-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-507-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Feb 2023
Research article |
| 06 Feb 2023
| 06 Feb 2023
Tsunami scenario triggered by a submarine landslide offshore of northern Sumatra Island and its hazard assessment
Haekal A. Haridhi
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Research Center for Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center, Universitas Syiah
Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Institute of Earth Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Kuo Liang Wen
Department of Earth Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan,
Taiwan
Arif Mirza
Ocean Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Syamsul Rizal
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Research Center for Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Syahrul Purnawan
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Research Center for Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Ilham Fajri
Department of Capture Fisheries, Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic
Aceh, Great Aceh, Indonesia
Frauke Klingelhoefer
Ifremer, Department of Marine Geosciences, Plouzané, France
Char Shine Liu
Ocean Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Chao Shing Lee
Institute of Geosciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
Crispen R. Wilson
ENC, Washington, D.C., USA
Tso-Ren Wu
Graduate Institute of Hydrological and Oceanic Sciences, National
Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Ichsan Setiawan
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Research Center for Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas
Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Van Bang Phung
Institute of Earth Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Cited
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Understanding the triggering mechanisms, movement processes, tsunami generation potential, and disaster impacts of submarine landslides: Recent progress (2000–2025) Y. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.26599/OCEAN.2025.9470014
- Geo-hazards in the North Arabian Sea with special emphasis on Makran Subduction Zone S. Gardezi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104846
- Global Historical Megatsunamis Catalog (GHMCat) M. Ferrer & L. González-de-Vallejo https://doi.org/10.3390/geohazards5030048
- Sediment deformation and structures formed by gas migration and seafloor exudation: An experimental approach G. Pimentel et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107501
- Risk assessment for regional submarine landslides integrating AutoML with AHP-EWM approach: a case study from the South-West Iberian sea D. Zheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17499518.2026.2619867
- Review on tsunami research and risk mitigation: from prediction models to resilient coastal communities T. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44304-026-00195-7
- Revealing Submarine Landslide Signatures in South Western Palu Bay: Insights from New Shallow Bathymetric Data H. Haridhi et al. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202565101010
- Topographic Inversion and Shallow Gas Risk Analysis in the Canyon Area of Southeastern Qiongdong Basin Based on Multi-Source Data Fusion H. Tao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13101897
- Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island H. Haridhi et al. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344701012
- Quantitative and visual analysis of tsunami warning research: A bibliometric study using web of science and VOSviewer N. Huang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104307
- An efficient two-dimensional non-hydrostatic model for simulating submarine landslide-generated tsunamis D. Tarwidi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.118750
- Compounding impacts of the earthquake and submarine landslide on the Toyama Bay tsunami during the January 2024 Noto Peninsula event I. Mulia et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.118698
- Mid-to late-Holocene fluvial and coastal evolution in the Aceh River delta, Sumatra: effects of sea-level change, sediment supply, wave climate, tectonics and tsunamis S. Chapkanski et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100290
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Understanding the triggering mechanisms, movement processes, tsunami generation potential, and disaster impacts of submarine landslides: Recent progress (2000–2025) Y. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.26599/OCEAN.2025.9470014
- Geo-hazards in the North Arabian Sea with special emphasis on Makran Subduction Zone S. Gardezi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104846
- Global Historical Megatsunamis Catalog (GHMCat) M. Ferrer & L. González-de-Vallejo https://doi.org/10.3390/geohazards5030048
- Sediment deformation and structures formed by gas migration and seafloor exudation: An experimental approach G. Pimentel et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107501
- Risk assessment for regional submarine landslides integrating AutoML with AHP-EWM approach: a case study from the South-West Iberian sea D. Zheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17499518.2026.2619867
- Review on tsunami research and risk mitigation: from prediction models to resilient coastal communities T. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44304-026-00195-7
- Revealing Submarine Landslide Signatures in South Western Palu Bay: Insights from New Shallow Bathymetric Data H. Haridhi et al. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202565101010
- Topographic Inversion and Shallow Gas Risk Analysis in the Canyon Area of Southeastern Qiongdong Basin Based on Multi-Source Data Fusion H. Tao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13101897
- Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island H. Haridhi et al. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344701012
- Quantitative and visual analysis of tsunami warning research: A bibliometric study using web of science and VOSviewer N. Huang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104307
- An efficient two-dimensional non-hydrostatic model for simulating submarine landslide-generated tsunamis D. Tarwidi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.118750
- Compounding impacts of the earthquake and submarine landslide on the Toyama Bay tsunami during the January 2024 Noto Peninsula event I. Mulia et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.118698
- Mid-to late-Holocene fluvial and coastal evolution in the Aceh River delta, Sumatra: effects of sea-level change, sediment supply, wave climate, tectonics and tsunamis S. Chapkanski et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100290
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 30 May 2026
Short summary
Near the northern end of Sumatra, the horizontal movement Sumatran fault zone extended to its northern offshore. The movement of offshore fault segments trigger submarine landslides and induce tsunamis. Scenarios of a significant tsunami caused by the combined effect of an earthquake and its triggered submarine landslide at the coast were proposed in this study. Based on our finding, the landslide tsunami hazard assessment and early warning systems in this region should be urgently considered.
Near the northern end of Sumatra, the horizontal movement Sumatran fault zone extended to its...
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