The climatology and nature of warm-season convective  cells in cold-frontal environments over Germany

Pacey, George; Pfahl, Stephan; Schielicke, Lisa; Wapler, Kathrin

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3703-2023

Articles | Volume 23, issue 12

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3703-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3703-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 23, issue 12

Research article

|

30 Nov 2023

Research article |

| 30 Nov 2023

The climatology and nature of warm-season convective cells in cold-frontal environments over Germany

George Pacey, Stephan Pfahl, Lisa Schielicke, and Kathrin Wapler

Viewed

Total article views: 2,395 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	Supplement	BibTeX	EndNote
1,840	476	79	2,395	60	124	132

HTML: 1,840
PDF: 476
XML: 79
Total: 2,395
Supplement: 60
BibTeX: 124
EndNote: 132

Views and downloads (calculated since 28 Mar 2023)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Mar 2023	94	27	5	126
Apr 2023	179	25	4	208
May 2023	55	20	5	80
Jun 2023	38	10	7	55
Jul 2023	34	17	1	52
Aug 2023	17	8	2	27
Sep 2023	27	16	0	43
Oct 2023	42	13	1	56
Nov 2023	18	4	1	23
Dec 2023	162	13	4	179
Jan 2024	87	17	2	106
Feb 2024	48	13	6	67
Mar 2024	39	26	1	66
Apr 2024	52	14	6	72
May 2024	33	18	5	56
Jun 2024	37	12	1	50
Jul 2024	66	14	6	86
Aug 2024	37	14	4	55
Sep 2024	47	7	3	57
Oct 2024	88	8	2	98
Nov 2024	66	5	2	73
Dec 2024	44	10	0	54
Jan 2025	32	12	1	45
Feb 2025	23	11	1	35
Mar 2025	25	13	0	38
Apr 2025	26	12	1	39
May 2025	48	15	2	65
Jun 2025	82	33	1	116
Jul 2025	44	22	2	68
Aug 2025	47	15	0	62
Sep 2025	153	18	0	171
Oct 2025	50	14	3	67

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 28 Mar 2023)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Mar 2023	94	27	5	126
Apr 2023	179	25	4	208
May 2023	55	20	5	80
Jun 2023	38	10	7	55
Jul 2023	34	17	1	52
Aug 2023	17	8	2	27
Sep 2023	27	16	0	43
Oct 2023	42	13	1	56
Nov 2023	18	4	1	23
Dec 2023	162	13	4	179
Jan 2024	87	17	2	106
Feb 2024	48	13	6	67
Mar 2024	39	26	1	66
Apr 2024	52	14	6	72
May 2024	33	18	5	56
Jun 2024	37	12	1	50
Jul 2024	66	14	6	86
Aug 2024	37	14	4	55
Sep 2024	47	7	3	57
Oct 2024	88	8	2	98
Nov 2024	66	5	2	73
Dec 2024	44	10	0	54
Jan 2025	32	12	1	45
Feb 2025	23	11	1	35
Mar 2025	25	13	0	38
Apr 2025	26	12	1	39
May 2025	48	15	2	65
Jun 2025	82	33	1	116
Jul 2025	44	22	2	68
Aug 2025	47	15	0	62
Sep 2025	153	18	0	171
Oct 2025	50	14	3	67

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 2,395 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 2,332 with geography defined and 63 with unknown origin.

Country	#	Views	%

1

1

Cited

Latest update: 29 Oct 2025

Download

The requested paper has a corresponding corrigendum published. Please read the corrigendum first before downloading the article.

Article (5839 KB)
Full-text XML

Short summary

Cold fronts are often associated with areas of intense precipitation (cells) and sometimes with hazards such as flooding, hail and lightning. We find that cold-frontal cell days are associated with higher cell frequency and cells are typically more intense. We also show both spatially and temporally where cells are most frequent depending on their cell-front distance. These results are an important step towards a deeper understanding of cold-frontal storm climatology and improved forecasting.