Articles | Volume 21, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3439-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3439-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 Nov 2021
Research article |
| 12 Nov 2021
| 12 Nov 2021
Multiple hazards and risk perceptions over time: the availability heuristic in Italy and Sweden under COVID-19
Giuliano Di Baldassarre
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Centre of Natural Hazards and Disaster Science, Department of Earth
Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Invited contribution by Giuliano Di Baldassarre, recipient of the EGU Plinius Medal 2021.
Elena Mondino
Centre of Natural Hazards and Disaster Science, Department of Earth
Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Maria Rusca
Centre of Natural Hazards and Disaster Science, Department of Earth
Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Emanuele Del Giudice
Psychiatry Northwest, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
Johanna Mård
Centre of Natural Hazards and Disaster Science, Department of Earth
Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Elena Ridolfi
Centre of Natural Hazards and Disaster Science, Department of Earth
Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Anna Scolobig
Environmental Governance and Territorial Development Institute,
University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Vienna, Austria
Elena Raffetti
Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Cited
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Natural multi-hazard risk perception and educational insights among Geography and Tourism students and graduates amid the Covid-19 pandemic M. Mărgărint et al.
- Extreme heat risk perceptions and readiness in schools P. Hudson et al.
- Smoking and risk perception of natural and biological hazards: Challenging risk classification in public health G. Tiecco et al.
- Learning from COVID-19: A roadmap for integrated risk assessment and management across shocks of pandemics, biodiversity loss, and climate change A. Scolobig et al.
- Climate Action Failure Highlighted as Leading Global Risk by Both Scientists and Business Leaders S. Wynes et al.
- Public risk perception of air pollution in the general population of Italy and Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic: Environmental and socio-demographic drivers G. Pignocchino et al.
- Natural hazards and earthquake science: Gender matters G. Rubbia
- Living in a pandemic: A review of COVID-19 integrated risk management E. Mondino et al.
- Modelling the role of multiple risk attitudes in implementing adaptation measures to reduce drought and flood losses M. Mazzoleni et al.
- Exploring public risk perception of multiple hazards through network analysis B. Paniello-Castillo et al.
- Global determinants of coastal migration under climate change S. Duijndam et al.
- Rethinking housing recovery policy evaluation through assessing satisfaction K. Apil et al.
- Towards a Disaster Risk Management Pathways Framework for Complex and Dynamic Multi-Risk: DAPP-MR J. Schlumberger et al.
- Navigating the definition of urban flooding: A conceptual and systematic review of the literature P. Alves et al.
- Exploring drought‐to‐flood interactions and dynamics: A global case review M. Barendrecht et al.
- The dual-risks context: A systematic literature review for the integrated management of flood and drought risks P. Alves et al.
- Water justice needs careful interdisciplinary research M. Rusca et al.
- Crisis‐Ready or Crisis‐Prone? Segmenting Public Risk Perception Patterns for Multi‐Hazard Crisis Communication in Korea D. Noh
- An empirical study of the effect of a flooding event caused by extreme rainfall on preventive behaviors against COVID-19 C. Liu et al.
- Proposing DAPP-MR as a disaster risk management pathways framework for complex, dynamic multi-risk J. Schlumberger et al.
- The impact of crisis exposure on nuclear power acceptance in China Y. Liu et al.
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Sweden and Italy: The role of trust in authorities E. Raffetti et al.
- Perceptions of climate change risk and sustainable adaptations in the Swedish ski industry H. Rice et al.
- Perception of climate change and geo-hydrological risk among high-school students: A local-scale study in Italy L. Antronico et al.
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Natural multi-hazard risk perception and educational insights among Geography and Tourism students and graduates amid the Covid-19 pandemic M. Mărgărint et al.
- Extreme heat risk perceptions and readiness in schools P. Hudson et al.
- Smoking and risk perception of natural and biological hazards: Challenging risk classification in public health G. Tiecco et al.
- Learning from COVID-19: A roadmap for integrated risk assessment and management across shocks of pandemics, biodiversity loss, and climate change A. Scolobig et al.
- Climate Action Failure Highlighted as Leading Global Risk by Both Scientists and Business Leaders S. Wynes et al.
- Public risk perception of air pollution in the general population of Italy and Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic: Environmental and socio-demographic drivers G. Pignocchino et al.
- Natural hazards and earthquake science: Gender matters G. Rubbia
- Living in a pandemic: A review of COVID-19 integrated risk management E. Mondino et al.
- Modelling the role of multiple risk attitudes in implementing adaptation measures to reduce drought and flood losses M. Mazzoleni et al.
- Exploring public risk perception of multiple hazards through network analysis B. Paniello-Castillo et al.
- Global determinants of coastal migration under climate change S. Duijndam et al.
- Rethinking housing recovery policy evaluation through assessing satisfaction K. Apil et al.
- Towards a Disaster Risk Management Pathways Framework for Complex and Dynamic Multi-Risk: DAPP-MR J. Schlumberger et al.
- Navigating the definition of urban flooding: A conceptual and systematic review of the literature P. Alves et al.
- Exploring drought‐to‐flood interactions and dynamics: A global case review M. Barendrecht et al.
- The dual-risks context: A systematic literature review for the integrated management of flood and drought risks P. Alves et al.
- Water justice needs careful interdisciplinary research M. Rusca et al.
- Crisis‐Ready or Crisis‐Prone? Segmenting Public Risk Perception Patterns for Multi‐Hazard Crisis Communication in Korea D. Noh
- An empirical study of the effect of a flooding event caused by extreme rainfall on preventive behaviors against COVID-19 C. Liu et al.
- Proposing DAPP-MR as a disaster risk management pathways framework for complex, dynamic multi-risk J. Schlumberger et al.
- The impact of crisis exposure on nuclear power acceptance in China Y. Liu et al.
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Sweden and Italy: The role of trust in authorities E. Raffetti et al.
- Perceptions of climate change risk and sustainable adaptations in the Swedish ski industry H. Rice et al.
- Perception of climate change and geo-hydrological risk among high-school students: A local-scale study in Italy L. Antronico et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 28 Apr 2026
Short summary
COVID-19 has affected humankind in an unprecedented way, and it has changed how people perceive multiple risks. In this paper, we compare public risk perceptions in Italy and Sweden in two different phases of the pandemic. We found that people are more worried about risks related to recently experienced events. This finding is in line with the availability heuristic: individuals assess the risk associated with a given hazard based on how easily it comes to their mind.
COVID-19 has affected humankind in an unprecedented way, and it has changed how people perceive...
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