Articles | Volume 21, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1513-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1513-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| 
17 May 2021
Review article |
| 17 May 2021
| 17 May 2021
Review article: A systematic review and future prospects of flood vulnerability indices
Luana Lavagnoli Moreira
Institute of Hydraulic Research, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
Mariana Madruga de Brito
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Urban and Environmental Sociology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig 04318, Germany
Masato Kobiyama
Institute of Hydraulic Research, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
Related authors
No articles found.
Jan Sodoge, Christian Kuhlicke, Miguel D. Mahecha, and Mariana Madruga de Brito
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1757–1777, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We delved into the socio-economic impacts of the 2018–2022 drought in Germany. We derived a dataset covering the impacts of droughts in Germany between 2000 and 2022 on sectors such as agriculture and forestry based on newspaper articles. Notably, our study illustrated that the longer drought had a wider reach and more varied effects. We show that dealing with longer droughts requires different plans compared to shorter ones, and it is crucial to be ready for the challenges they bring.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Louise Cavalcante, David W. Walker, Sarra Kchouk, Germano Ribeiro Neto, Taís Maria Nunes Carvalho, Mariana Madruga de Brito, Wieke Pot, Art Dewulf, and Pieter van Oel
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-650, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-650, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The research aimed to understand the role of society in mitigating drought impacts through policy responses in the context of northeast Brazil. Results revealed that socio-environmental-economic impacts of drought are less frequently reported, while hydrological impacts of drought were the most reported. It emphasized that public policies addressing the impacts of drought need to focus not only on increasing water availability, but also on strengthening the local economy.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Samuel Jonson Sutanto, Matthijs Janssen, Mariana Madruga de Brito, and Maria del Pozo Garcia
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-153, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-153, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A conventional flood risk assessment only evaluates flood hazard in isolation without considering wildfires. This study, therefore, evaluates the cascading impact of wildfires on flood risk, considering both current and future conditions for the Ebro River basin in Spain. Results show that extreme climate change increases the risk of flooding, especially when considering the cascading impacts of wildfires, highlighting the importance of adopting a multi-hazard risk management approach.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Samuel Rufat, Mariana Madruga de Brito, Alexander Fekete, Emeline Comby, Peter J. Robinson, Iuliana Armaş, W. J. Wouter Botzen, and Christian Kuhlicke
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2655–2672, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2655-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2655-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
It remains unclear why people fail to act adaptively to reduce future losses, even when there is ever-richer information available. To improve the ability of researchers to build cumulative knowledge, we conducted an international survey – the Risk Perception and Behaviour Survey of Surveyors (Risk-SoS). We find that most studies are exploratory and often overlook theoretical efforts that would enable the accumulation of evidence. We offer several recommendations for future studies.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Franciele Maria Vanelli, Masato Kobiyama, and Mariana Madruga de Brito
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2301–2317, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2301-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2301-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted a systematic literature review of socio-hydrological studies applied to natural hazards and disaster research. Results indicate that there is a wide range of understanding of what
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
socialmeans in socio-hydrology, and monodisciplinary studies prevail. We expect to encourage socio-hydrologists to investigate different disasters using a more integrative approach that combines natural and social sciences tools by involving stakeholders and broadening the use of mixed methods.
Sofia Melo Vasconcellos, Masato Kobiyama, and Aline de Almeida Mota
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2019-682, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2019-682, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
The objective of the present study was to determine the spatial behaviour of the Soil Water Index (SWI) by applying a distributed version of the Tank Model (D-Tank Model) to verify its reliability through the comparison to soil moisture estimated with the measured water-tension values and the water retention curve. The comparison between the spatially distributed values of the SWI and soil moisture confirmed the high potential of the SWI for predictions related to hydrological sciences.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Mariana Madruga de Brito and Mariele Evers
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1019–1033, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1019-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1019-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a systematic review of 128 papers that apply multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tools to flood problems, aiming to provide an overall picture of what has motivated researchers in 37 different countries over the past 2 decades. A wide range of applications were identified, highlighting the utility of MCDM as a decision support tool in all stages of the flood management process.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Related subject area
Risk Assessment, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies, Socioeconomic and Management Aspects
Unveiling transboundary challenges in river flood risk management: learning from the Ciliwung River basin
Quantitative study of storm surge risk assessment in an undeveloped coastal area of China based on deep learning and geographic information system techniques: a case study of Double Moon Bay
Multisectoral analysis of drought impacts and management responses to the 2008–2015 record drought in the Colorado Basin, Texas
Simulating multi-hazard event sets for life cycle consequence analysis
Analysis of the effects of urban micro-scale vulnerabilities on tsunami evacuation using an agent-based model – case study in the city of Iquique, Chile
Factors of influence on flood risk perceptions related to Hurricane Dorian: an assessment of heuristics, time dynamics, and accuracy of risk perceptions
Anticipating a risky future: long short-term memory (LSTM) models for spatiotemporal extrapolation of population data in areas prone to earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, Peru
A new regionally consistent exposure database for Central Asia: population and residential buildings
Always on My Mind: Indications of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Those Affected by the 2021 Flood Event in the Ahr Valley, Germany
Study on seismic risk assessment model of water supply systems in mainland China
Mapping current and future flood exposure using a 5 m flood model and climate change projections
Brief communication: On the environmental impacts of the 2023 floods in Emilia-Romagna (Italy)
A regional-scale approach to assessing non-residential building, transportation and cropland exposure in Central Asia
Towards a global impact-based forecasting model for tropical cyclones
Identifying vulnerable populations in urban society: a case study in a flood-prone district of Wuhan, China
An assessment of potential improvements in social capital, risk awareness, and preparedness from digital technologies
Spatial accessibility of emergency medical services under inclement weather: a case study in Beijing, China
Review article: Current approaches and critical issues in multi-risk recovery planning of urban areas exposed to natural hazards
Estimating emergency costs for earthquakes and floods in Central Asia based on modelled losses
An Impact Chain-based exploration of multi-hazard vulnerability dynamics. The multi-hazard of floods and the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania
Compound flood impacts from Hurricane Sandy on New York City in climate-driven storylines
Risk reduction through managed retreat? Investigating enabling conditions and assessing resettlement effects on community resilience in Metro Manila
Regional-scale landslide risk assessment in Central Asia
Cost estimation for the monitoring instrumentation of landslide early warning systems
The role of response efficacy and self-efficacy in disaster preparedness actions for vulnerable households
Scientists as storytellers: the explanatory power of stories told about environmental crises
Back analysis of a building collapse under snow and rain loads in a Mediterranean area
Assessment of building damage and risk under extreme flood scenarios in Shanghai
Brief communication: Storm Daniel Flood Impact in Greece 2023: Mapping Crop and Livestock Exposure from SAR
Micro business participation in collective flood adaptation. Lessons from scenario-based analysis in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Mangrove ecosystem properties regulate high water levels in a river delta
Analysis of flood warning and evacuation efficiency by comparing damage and life-loss estimates with real consequences related to the São Francisco tailings dam failure in Brazil
Brief communication: lessons learnt and experienced gained from building up a global survey on societal resilience to droughts
Regional seismic risk assessment based on ground conditions in Uzbekistan
Criteria-based visualization design for hazard maps
Low-regret climate change adaptation in coastal megacities – evaluating large-scale flood protection and small-scale rainwater detention measures for Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Modeling compound flood risk and risk reduction using a globally applicable framework: a pilot in the Sofala province of Mozambique
Scenario-based multi-risk assessment from existing single-hazard vulnerability models. An application to consecutive earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, Peru
Earthquake insurance in Iran: Solvency of local insurers in light of the current market practice
Using machine learning algorithms to identify predictors of social vulnerability in the event of a hazard: Istanbul case study
Large-scale risk assessment on snow avalanche hazard in alpine regions
Probabilistic and machine learning methods for uncertainty quantification in power outage prediction due to extreme events
Public intention to participate in sustainable geohazard mitigation: an empirical study based on an extended theory of planned behavior
An assessment of short–medium-term interventions using CAESAR-Lisflood in a post-earthquake mountainous area
Review article: Design and evaluation of weather index insurance for multi-hazard resilience and food insecurity
Design and application of a multi-hazard risk rapid assessment questionnaire for hill communities in the Indian Himalayan region
Identifying the drivers of private flood precautionary measures in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Performance of the flood warning system in Germany in July 2021 – insights from affected residents
Differences in volcanic risk perception among Goma's population before the Nyiragongo eruption of May 2021, Virunga volcanic province (DR Congo)
Empirical tsunami fragility modelling for hierarchical damage levels
Harkunti Pertiwi Rahayu, Khonsa Indana Zulfa, Dewi Nurhasanah, Richard Haigh, Dilanthi Amaratunga, and In In Wahdiny
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2045–2064, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2045-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2045-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Transboundary flood risk management in the Ciliwung River basin is placed in a broader context of disaster management, environmental science, and governance. This is particularly relevant for areas of research involving the management of shared water resources, the impact of regional development on flood risk, and strategies to reduce economic losses from flooding.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Lichen Yu, Hao Qin, Shining Huang, Wei Wei, Haoyu Jiang, and Lin Mu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2003–2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2003-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-2003-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper proposes a quantitative storm surge risk assessment method for data-deficient regions. A coupled model is used to simulate five storm surge scenarios. Deep learning is used to extract building footprints. Economic losses are calculated by combining adjusted depth–damage functions with inundation simulation results. Zoning maps illustrate risk levels based on economic losses, aiding in disaster prevention measures to reduce losses in coastal areas.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Stephen B. Ferencz, Ning Sun, Sean W. D. Turner, Brian A. Smith, and Jennie S. Rice
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1871–1896, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1871-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1871-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Drought has long posed an existential threat to society. Population growth, economic development, and the potential for more extreme and prolonged droughts due to climate change pose significant water security challenges. Better understanding the impacts and adaptive responses resulting from extreme drought can aid adaptive planning. The 2008–2015 record drought in the Colorado Basin, Texas, United States, is used as a case study to assess impacts and responses to severe drought.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Leandro Iannacone, Kenneth Otárola, Roberto Gentile, and Carmine Galasso
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1721–1740, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1721-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1721-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The paper presents a review of the available classifications for hazard interactions in a multi-hazard context, and it incorporates such classifications from a modeling perspective. The outcome is a sequential Monte Carlo approach enabling efficient simulation of multi-hazard event sets (i.e., sequences of events throughout the life cycle). These event sets can then be integrated into frameworks for the quantification of consequences for the purposes of life cycle consequence (LCCon) analysis.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Rodrigo Cienfuegos, Gonzalo Álvarez, Jorge León, Alejandro Urrutia, and Sebastián Castro
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1485–1500, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1485-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1485-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study carries out a detailed analysis of possible tsunami evacuation scenarios in the city of Iquique in Chile. Evacuation modeling and tsunami modeling are integrated, allowing for an estimation of the potential number of people that the inundation may reach under different scenarios by emulating the dynamics and behavior of the population and their decision-making regarding the starting time of the evacuation.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Laurine A. de Wolf, Peter J. Robinson, W. J. Wouter Botzen, Toon Haer, Jantsje M. Mol, and Jeffrey Czajkowski
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1303–1318, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1303-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1303-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
An understanding of flood risk perceptions may aid in improving flood risk communication. We conducted a survey among 871 coastal residents in Florida who were threatened to be flooded by Hurricane Dorian. Part of the original sample was resurveyed after Dorian failed to make landfall to investigate changes in risk perception. We find a strong influence of previous flood experience and social norms on flood risk perceptions. Furthermore, flood risk perceptions declined after the near-miss event.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Christian Geiß, Jana Maier, Emily So, Elisabeth Schoepfer, Sven Harig, Juan Camilo Gómez Zapata, and Yue Zhu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1051–1064, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1051-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1051-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We establish a model of future geospatial population distributions to quantify the number of people living in earthquake-prone and tsunami-prone areas of Lima and Callao, Peru, for the year 2035. Areas of high earthquake intensity will experience a population growth of almost 30 %. The population in the tsunami inundation area is estimated to grow by more than 60 %. Uncovering those relations can help urban planners and policymakers to develop effective risk mitigation strategies.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Chiara Scaini, Alberto Tamaro, Baurzhan Adilkhan, Satbek Sarzhanov, Vakhitkhan Ismailov, Ruslan Umaraliev, Mustafo Safarov, Vladimir Belikov, Japar Karayev, and Ettore Faga
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 929–945, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-929-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-929-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Central Asia is highly exposed to multiple hazards, including earthquakes, floods and landslides, for which risk reduction strategies are currently under development. We provide a regional-scale database of assets at risk, including population and residential buildings, based on existing information and recent data collected for each Central Asian country. The population and number of buildings are also estimated for the year 2080 to support the definition of disaster risk reduction strategies.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Marie-Luise Zenker, Philip Bubeck, and Annegret H. Thieken
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-725, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-725, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Despite the visible flood damage, mental health impacts are a growing concern. Yet, there is limited data in Germany. A survey in a heavily affected region revealed 28 % showing signs of posttraumatic stress disorder one year later. Risk factors Include gender, serious injury or illness due to flooding, and feeling left alone to cope with impacts. The study highlights the need for tailored mental health support for flood-affected populations.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Tianyang Yu, Banghua Lu, Hui Jiang, and Zhi Liu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 803–822, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-803-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-803-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A basic database for seismic risk assessment of 720 urban water supply systems in mainland China is established. The parameters of the seismic risk curves of 720 cities are calculated. The seismic fragility curves of various facilities in the water supply system are given based on the logarithmic normal distribution model. The expected seismic loss and the expected loss rate index of 720 urban water supply systems in mainland China in the medium and long term are given.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Connor Darlington, Jonathan Raikes, Daniel Henstra, Jason Thistlethwaite, and Emma K. Raven
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 699–714, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-699-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-699-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The impacts of climate change on local floods require precise maps that clearly demarcate changes to flood exposure; however, most maps lack important considerations that reduce their utility in policy and decision-making. This article presents a new approach to identifying current and projected flood exposure using a 5 m model. The results highlight advancements in the mapping of flood exposure with implications for flood risk management.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Chiara Arrighi and Alessio Domeneghetti
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 673–679, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-673-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-673-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this communication, we reflect on environmental flood impacts by analysing the reported environmental consequences of the 2023 Emilia-Romagna floods. The most frequently reported damage involves water resources and water-related ecosystems. Indirect effects in time and space, intrinsic recovery capacity, cascade impacts on socio-economic systems, and the lack of established monitoring activities appear to be the most challenging aspects for future research.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Chiara Scaini, Alberto Tamaro, Baurzhan Adilkhan, Satbek Sarzhanov, Zukhritdin Ergashev, Ruslan Umaraliev, Mustafo Safarov, Vladimir Belikov, Japar Karayev, and Ettore Fagà
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 355–373, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-355-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-355-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Central Asia is prone to multiple hazards such as floods, landslides and earthquakes, which can affect a wide range of assets at risk. We develop the first regionally consistent database of assets at risk for non-residential buildings, transportation and croplands in Central Asia. The database combines global and regional data sources and country-based information and supports the development of regional-scale disaster risk reduction strategies for the Central Asia region.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Mersedeh Kooshki Forooshani, Marc van den Homberg, Kyriaki Kalimeri, Andreas Kaltenbrunner, Yelena Mejova, Leonardo Milano, Pauline Ndirangu, Daniela Paolotti, Aklilu Teklesadik, and Monica L. Turner
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 309–329, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-309-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-309-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We improve an existing impact forecasting model for the Philippines by transforming the target variable (percentage of damaged houses) to a fine grid, using only features which are globally available. We show that our two-stage model conserves the performance of the original and even has the potential to introduce savings in anticipatory action resources. Such model generalizability is important in increasing the applicability of such tools around the world.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Jia Xu, Makoto Takahashi, and Weifu Li
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 179–197, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-179-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-179-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Through the development of micro-individual social vulnerability indicators and cluster analysis, this study assessed the level of social vulnerability of 599 residents from 11 communities in the Hongshan District of Wuhan. The findings reveal three levels of social vulnerability: high, medium, and low. Quantitative assessments offer specific comparisons between distinct units, and the results indicate that different types of communities have significant differences in social vulnerability.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Tommaso Piseddu, Mathilda Englund, and Karina Barquet
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 145–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-145-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-145-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Contributions to social capital, risk awareness, and preparedness constitute the parameters to test applications in disaster risk management. We propose an evaluation of four of these: mobile positioning data, social media crowdsourcing, drones, and satellite imaging. The analysis grants the opportunity to investigate how different methods to evaluate surveys' results may influence final preferences. We find that the different assumptions on which these methods rely deliver diverging results.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Yuting Zhang, Kai Liu, Xiaoyong Ni, Ming Wang, Jianchun Zheng, Mengting Liu, and Dapeng Yu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 63–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-63-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-63-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article is aimed at developing a method to quantify the influence of inclement weather on the accessibility of emergency medical services (EMSs) in Beijing, China, and identifying the vulnerable areas that could not get timely EMSs under inclement weather. We found that inclement weather could reduce the accessibility of EMSs by up to 40%. Furthermore, towns with lower baseline EMSs accessibility are more vulnerable when inclement weather occurs.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Soheil Mohammadi, Silvia De Angeli, Giorgio Boni, Francesca Pirlone, and Serena Cattari
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 79–107, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-79-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-79-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper critically reviews disaster recovery literature from a multi-risk perspective. Identified key challenges encompass the lack of approaches integrating physical reconstruction and socio-economic recovery, the neglect of multi-risk interactions, the limited exploration of recovery from a pre-disaster planning perspective, and the low consideration of disaster recovery as a non-linear process in which communities need change over time.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Emilio Berny, Carlos Avelar, Mario A. Salgado-Gálvez, and Mario Ordaz
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 53–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-53-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-53-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a methodology to estimate the total emergency costs based on modelled damages for earthquakes and floods, together with the demographic and building characteristics of the study area. The methodology has been applied in five countries in central Asia, the first time that these estimates are made available for the study area and are intended to be useful for regional and local stakeholders and decision makers.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Andra-Cosmina Albulescu and Iuliana Armaș
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2024-5, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2024-5, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
This study delves into 1) compounded impacts and 2) the dynamics of vulnerability within a multi-hazard context, proposing an Impact Chain-based framework that analyses the augmentation of vulnerability. The case study refers to the flood events and the COVID-19 pandemic that affected Romania (2020–2021). The Impact Chain shows that 1) the unforseen implications of impacts, 2) wrongful action of adaptation options, and 3) inaction can set the premises for increased vulnerability.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Henrique M. D. Goulart, Irene Benito Lazaro, Linda van Garderen, Karin van der Wiel, Dewi Le Bars, Elco Koks, and Bart van den Hurk
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 29–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-29-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-29-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We explore how Hurricane Sandy (2012) could flood New York City under different scenarios, including climate change and internal variability. We find that sea level rise can quadruple coastal flood volumes, while changes in Sandy's landfall location can double flood volumes. Our results show the need for diverse scenarios that include climate change and internal variability and for integrating climate information into a modelling framework, offering insights for high-impact event assessments.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Hannes Lauer, Carmeli Marie C. Chaves, Evelyn Lorenzo, Sonia Islam, and Jörn Birkmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-50, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-50, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In many urban areas, people face high exposure to hazards. Resettling them to safer locations becomes a major strategy, not least because of climate change. This paper dives into the success factors of government-led resettlement in Manila and finds surprising results, which challenge the usual narrative and fuel the conversation on resettlement as an adaptation strategy. Other as expected, the location – whether urban or rural – of the new home is less important as the safety from floods.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Francesco Caleca, Chiara Scaini, William Frodella, and Veronica Tofani
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 13–27, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-13-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-13-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Landslide risk analysis is a powerful tool because it allows us to identify where physical and economic losses could occur due to a landslide event. The purpose of our work was to provide the first regional-scale analysis of landslide risk for central Asia, and it represents an advanced step in the field of risk analysis for very large areas. Our findings show, per square kilometer, a total risk of about USD 3.9 billion and a mean risk of USD 0.6 million.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Marta Sapena, Moritz Gamperl, Marlene Kühnl, Carolina Garcia-Londoño, John Singer, and Hannes Taubenböck
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3913–3930, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3913-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3913-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A new approach for the deployment of landslide early warning systems (LEWSs) is proposed. We combine data-driven landslide susceptibility mapping and population maps to identify exposed locations. We estimate the cost of monitoring sensors and demonstrate that LEWSs could be installed with a budget ranging from EUR 5 to EUR 41 per person in Medellín, Colombia. We provide recommendations for stakeholders and outline the challenges and opportunities for successful LEWS implementation.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Dong Qiu, Binglin Lv, Yuepeng Cui, and Zexiong Zhan
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3789–3803, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3789-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3789-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper divides preparedness behavior into minimal and adequate preparedness. In addition to studying the main factors that promote families' disaster preparedness, we also study the moderating effects of response efficacy and self-efficacy on preparedness actions by vulnerable families. Based on the findings of this study, policymakers can target interventions and programs that can be designed to remedy the current lack of disaster preparedness education for vulnerable families.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Jenni Barclay, Richie Robertson, and M. Teresa Armijos
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3603–3615, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3603-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3603-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Stories create avenues for sharing the meanings and social implications of scientific knowledge. We explore their value when told between scientists during a volcanic eruption. They are important vehicles for understanding how risk is generated during volcanic eruptions and create new knowledge about these interactions. Stories explore how risk is negotiated when scientific information is ambiguous or uncertain, identify cause and effect, and rationalize the emotional intensity of a crisis.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Isabelle Ousset, Guillaume Evin, Damien Raynaud, and Thierry Faug
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3509–3523, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3509-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3509-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper deals with an exceptional snow and rain event in a Mediterranean region of France which is usually not prone to heavy snowfall and its consequences on a particular building that collapsed completely. Independent analyses of the meteorological episode are carried out, and the response of the building to different snow and rain loads is confronted to identify the main critical factors that led to the collapse.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Jiachang Tu, Jiahong Wen, Liang Emlyn Yang, Andrea Reimuth, Stephen S. Young, Min Zhang, Luyang Wang, and Matthias Garschagen
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3247–3260, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3247-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3247-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper evaluates the flood risk and the resulting patterns in buildings following low-probability, high-impact flood scenarios by a risk analysis chain in Shanghai. The results provide a benchmark and also a clear future for buildings with respect to flood risks in Shanghai. This study links directly to disaster risk management, e.g., the Shanghai Master Plan. We also discussed different potential adaptation options for flood risk management.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Kang He, Qing Yang, Xinyi Shen, Elias Dimitriou, Angeliki Mentzafou, Christina Papadaki, Maria Stoumboudi, and Emmanouil N. Anagnostou
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-173, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-173, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
~820 km2 of agricultural land is inundated in central Greece due to storm Daniel flood. A detailed analysis revealed that the crop most affected by the flooding was cotton; the inundated area of more than 282 km2 comprised ~30 % of the total area planted with cotton in central Greece. In terms of livestock, we estimated more than 14,000 ornithoids and 21,500 sheep and goats were affected. Consequences for agriculture and animal husbandry in Greece are expected to be severe.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Javier Revilla Diez, Roxana Leitold, Van Tran, and Matthias Garschagen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2185, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2185, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Micro-businesses, often overlooked in adaptation research, show surprising willingness to contribute to collective adaptation despite limited finances and local support. Based on a study in Ho-Chi-Minh City in Vietnam, approximately 70 % are ready for awareness campaigns, and 39 % would provide financial support if costs were shared. These findings underscore the need for increased involvement of micro-businesses in local adaptation plans to enhance collective adaptive capacity.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Ignace Pelckmans, Jean-Philippe Belliard, Luis E. Dominguez-Granda, Cornelis Slobbe, Stijn Temmerman, and Olivier Gourgue
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3169–3183, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3169-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3169-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mangroves are increasingly recognized as a coastal protection against extreme sea levels. Their effectiveness in doing so, however, is still poorly understood, as mangroves are typically located in tropical countries where data on mangrove vegetation and topography properties are often scarce. Through a modelling study, we identified the degree of channelization and the mangrove forest floor topography as the key properties for regulating high water levels in a tropical delta.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
André Felipe Rocha Silva and Julian Cardoso Eleutério
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3095–3110, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3095-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3095-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work evaluates the application of flood consequence models through their application in a real case related to a tailings dam failure. Furthermore, we simulated the implementation of less efficient alert systems on life-loss alleviation. The results revealed that the models represented the event well and were able to estimate the relevance of implementing efficient alert systems. They highlight that their use may be an important tool for new regulations for dam safety legislation.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Marina Batalini de Macedo, Marcos Roberto Benso, Karina Simone Sass, Adelaide Cassia Nardocci, Eduardo Mario Mendiondo, Greicelene Jesus da Silva, Pedro Gustavo Câmara da Silva, Abdullah Konak, Nazmiye Balta-Ozkan, and Michael Jacobson
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2042, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2042, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With climate change, societies increasingly need to adapt to deal with more severe droughts and the impacts they can have on food production. To make better adaptation decisions, drought resilience indicators can be used. To build these indicators, surveys with experts can be done. However, designing surveys is a costly process that can influence how experts respond. In this communication, we aim to deal with the challenges encountered in the development of the surveys, to help further research.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Vakhitkhan Alikhanovich Ismailov, Sharofiddin Ismatullayevich Yodgorov, Akhror Sabriddinovich Khusomiddinov, Eldor Makhmadiyorovich Yadigarov, Bekzod Uktamovich Aktamov, and Shuhrat Avazov
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-105, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-105, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
For the basis of seismic risk assessment, maps of seismic intensity increment and an improved map of seismic hazard have been developed, taking into account the engineering-geological conditions of the territory of Uzbekistan and the seismic characteristics of soils. For seismic risk map development, databases were created based on GIS platforms allowing us to systematize and evaluate the regional distribution of information.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Max Schneider, Fabrice Cotton, and Pia-Johanna Schweizer
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2505–2521, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2505-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2505-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Hazard maps are fundamental to earthquake risk reduction, but research is missing on how to design them. We review the visualization literature to identify evidence-based criteria for color and classification schemes for hazard maps. We implement these for the German seismic hazard map, focusing on communicating four properties of seismic hazard. Our evaluation finds that the redesigned map successfully communicates seismic hazard in Germany, improving on the baseline map for two key properties.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Leon Scheiber, Christoph Gabriel David, Mazen Hoballah Jalloul, Jan Visscher, Hong Quan Nguyen, Roxana Leitold, Javier Revilla Diez, and Torsten Schlurmann
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2333–2347, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2333-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2333-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Like many other megacities in low-elevation coastal zones, Ho Chi Minh City in southern Vietnam suffers from the convoluting impact of changing environmental stressors and rapid urbanization. This study assesses quantitative hydro-numerical results against the background of the low-regret paradigm for (1) a large-scale flood protection scheme as currently constructed and (2) the widespread implementation of small-scale rainwater detention as envisioned in the Chinese Sponge City Program.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Dirk Eilander, Anaïs Couasnon, Frederiek C. Sperna Weiland, Willem Ligtvoet, Arno Bouwman, Hessel C. Winsemius, and Philip J. Ward
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2251–2272, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2251-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2251-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a framework for assessing compound flood risk using hydrodynamic, impact, and statistical modeling. A pilot in Mozambique shows the importance of accounting for compound events in risk assessments. We also show how the framework can be used to assess the effectiveness of different risk reduction measures. As the framework is based on global datasets and is largely automated, it can easily be applied in other areas for first-order assessments of compound flood risk.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Juan Camilo Gómez Zapata, Massimiliano Pittore, Nils Brinckmann, Juan Lizarazo-Marriaga, Sergio Medina, Nicola Tarque, and Fabrice Cotton
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2203–2228, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2203-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2203-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate cumulative damage on extended building portfolios, we propose an alternative and modular method to probabilistically integrate sets of single-hazard vulnerability models that are being constantly developed by experts from various research fields to be used within a multi-risk context. We demonstrate its application by assessing the economic losses expected for the residential building stock of Lima, Peru, a megacity commonly exposed to consecutive earthquake and tsunami scenarios.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany and Hooman Motamed
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-81, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-81, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for NHESS
Short summary
Short summary
Iranian insurers has been offering earthquake cover since 1990's. However, despite international best practices they do not still use modern methods for risk pricing and management. As such, they seem to continue accumulating seismic risk over time. This paper examines the viability of this market in Iran by comparing the local market practice with international best practices in earthquake risk pricing (catastrophe modelling) and insurance risk management (European Solvency II regime).
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Oya Kalaycıoğlu, Serhat Emre Akhanlı, Emin Yahya Menteşe, Mehmet Kalaycıoğlu, and Sibel Kalaycıoğlu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2133–2156, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2133-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2133-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The associations between household characteristics and hazard-related social vulnerability in Istanbul, Türkiye, were assessed using machine learning techniques. The results indicated that less educated households with no social security and job insecurity that live in squatter houses are at a higher risk of social vulnerability. We present the findings in an open-access R Shiny web application, which can serve as a guidance for identifying the target groups in the interest of risk mitigation.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Gregor Ortner, Michael Bründl, Chahan M. Kropf, Thomas Röösli, Yves Bühler, and David N. Bresch
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2089–2110, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2089-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-2089-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a new approach to assess avalanche risk on a large scale in mountainous regions. It combines a large-scale avalanche modeling method with a state-of-the-art probabilistic risk tool. Over 40 000 individual avalanches were simulated, and a building dataset with over 13 000 single buildings was investigated. With this new method, risk hotspots can be identified and surveyed. This enables current and future risk analysis to assist decision makers in risk reduction and adaptation.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Prateek Arora and Luis Ceferino
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1665–1683, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1665-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1665-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Power outage models can help utilities manage risks for outages from hurricanes. Our article reviews the existing outage models during hurricanes and highlights their strengths and limitations. Existing models can give erroneous estimates with outage predictions larger than the number of customers, can struggle with predictions for catastrophic hurricanes, and do not adequately represent infrastructure failure's uncertainties. We suggest models for the future that can overcome these challenges.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Huige Xing, Ting Que, Yuxin Wu, Shiyu Hu, Haibo Li, Hongyang Li, Martin Skitmore, and Nima Talebian
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1529–1547, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1529-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1529-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Disaster risk reduction requires public power. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the public's intention to participate in disaster risk reduction. An empirical study was conducted using structural equation modeling data analysis methods. The findings show that public attitudes, perceptions of those around them, ability to participate, and sense of participation are important factors.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Di Wang, Ming Wang, Kai Liu, and Jun Xie
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1409–1423, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1409-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1409-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The short–medium-term intervention effect on the post-earthquake area was analysed by simulations in different scenarios. The sediment transport patterns varied in different sub-regions, and the relative effectiveness in different scenarios changed over time with a general downward trend, where the steady stage implicated the scenario with more facilities performing better in controlling sediment output. Therefore, the simulation methods could support optimal rehabilitation strategies.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Marcos Roberto Benso, Gabriela Chiquito Gesualdo, Roberto Fray Silva, Greicelene Jesus Silva, Luis Miguel Castillo Rápalo, Fabricio Alonso Richmond Navarro, Patricia Angélica Alves Marques, José Antônio Marengo, and Eduardo Mario Mendiondo
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1335–1354, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1335-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1335-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This article is about how farmers can better protect themselves from disasters like droughts, extreme temperatures, and floods. The authors suggest that one way to do this is by offering insurance contracts that cover these different types of disasters. By having this insurance, farmers can receive financial support and recover more quickly. The article elicits different ideas about how to design this type of insurance and suggests ways to make it better.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Shivani Chouhan and Mahua Mukherjee
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1267–1286, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1267-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1267-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Himalayas are prone to multi-hazards. To minimise loss, proper planning and execution are necessary. Data collection is the basis of any risk assessment process. This enhanced survey form is easy to understand and pictorial and identifies high-risk components of any building (structural and non-structural) surrounded by multi-hazards. Its results can help to utilise the budget in a prioritised way. A SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities) analysis has been performed.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Thulasi Vishwanath Harish, Nivedita Sairam, Liang Emlyn Yang, Matthias Garschagen, and Heidi Kreibich
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1125–1138, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1125-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1125-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal Asian cities are becoming more vulnerable to flooding. In this study we analyse the data collected from flood-prone houses in Ho Chi Minh City to identify what motivates the households to adopt flood precautionary measures. The results revealed that educating the households about the available flood precautionary measures and communicating the flood protection measures taken by the government encourage the households to adopt measures without having to experience multiple flood events.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Annegret H. Thieken, Philip Bubeck, Anna Heidenreich, Jennifer von Keyserlingk, Lisa Dillenardt, and Antje Otto
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 973–990, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-973-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-973-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In July 2021 intense rainfall caused devastating floods in western Europe with 184 fatalities in the German federal states of North Rhine-Westphalia (NW) and Rhineland-Palatinate (RP), calling their warning system into question. An online survey revealed that 35 % of respondents from NW and 29 % from RP did not receive any warning. Many of those who were warned did not expect severe flooding, nor did they know how to react. The study provides entry points for improving Germany's warning system.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Blaise Mafuko Nyandwi, Matthieu Kervyn, François Muhashy Habiyaremye, François Kervyn, and Caroline Michellier
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 933–953, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-933-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-933-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Risk perception involves the processes of collecting, selecting and interpreting signals about the uncertain impacts of hazards. It may contribute to improving risk communication and motivating the protective behaviour of the population living near volcanoes. Our work describes the spatial variation and factors influencing volcanic risk perception of 2204 adults of Goma exposed to Nyiragongo. It contributes to providing a case study for risk perception understanding in the Global South.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Fatemeh Jalayer, Hossein Ebrahimian, Konstantinos Trevlopoulos, and Brendon Bradley
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 909–931, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-909-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-909-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Assessing tsunami fragility and the related uncertainties is crucial in the evaluation of incurred losses. Empirical fragility modelling is based on observed tsunami intensity and damage data. Fragility curves for hierarchical damage levels are distinguished by their laminar shape; that is, the curves should not intersect. However, this condition is not satisfied automatically. We present a workflow for hierarchical fragility modelling, uncertainty propagation and fragility model selection.
This article is included in the Encyclopedia of Geosciences
Cited articles
Abbas, A., Amjath-Babu, T. S., Kächele, H., Usman, M., Amjed Iqbal, M., Arshad, M., Adnan Shahid, M., and Müller, K.: Sustainable survival under climatic extremes: linking flood risk mitigation and coping with flood damages in rural Pakistan, Environ. Sci. Pollut. R., 25, 32491–32505, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3203-8, 2018.
Abebe, Y., Kabir, G., and Tesfamariam, S.: Assessing urban areas vulnerability to pluvial flooding using GIS applications and Bayesian Belief Network model, J. Clean. Prod., 174, 1629–1641, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.066, 2018.
Ahmad, D. and Afzal, M.: Household vulnerability and resilience in flood hazards from disaster-prone areas of Punjab, Pakistan, Nat. Hazards, 99, 337–354, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-019-03743-9, 2019.
Amadio, M., Mysiak, J., and Marzi, S.: Mapping Socioeconomic Exposure for Flood Risk Assessment in Italy, Risk Anal., 39, 829–845, https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.13212, 2019.
Anowar, F., Sadaoui, S., and Selim, B.: Conceptual and empirical comparison of dimensionality reduction algorithms (PCA, KPCA, LDA, MDS, SVD, LLE, ISOMAP, LE, ICA, t-SNE), Comput. Sci. Rev., 40, 100378, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosrev.2021.100378, 2021.
Aroca-Jimenez, E., Bodoque, J. M., Garcia, J. A., and Diez-Herrero, A.: Construction of an integrated social vulnerability index in urban areas prone to flash flooding, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1541–1557, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1541-2017, 2017.
Aroca-Jiménez, E., Bodoque, J. M., García, J. A., and Díez-Herrero, A.: A quantitative methodology for the assessment of the regional economic vulnerability to flash floods, J. Hydrol., 565, 386–399, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.08.029, 2018.
Aroca-Jiménez, E., Bodoque, J. M., and García, J. A.: How to construct and validate an Integrated Socio-Economic Vulnerability Index: Implementation at regional scale in urban areas prone to flash flooding, Sci. Total Environ., 746, 140905, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140905, 2020.
Baeck, S. H., Choi, S. J., Choi, G. W., and Lee, D. R.: A study of evaluating and forecasting watersheds using the flood vulnerability assessment index in Korea, Geomatics, Nat. Hazards Risk, 5, 208–231, https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2013.803268, 2014.
Balica, S. F., Douben, N., and Wright, N. G.: Flood vulnerability indices at varying spatial scales, Water Sci. Technol., 60, 2571–2580, https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.183, 2009.
Balica, S. F., Popescu, I., Beevers, L., and Wright, N. G.: Parametric and physically based modelling techniques for flood risk and vulnerability assessment: A comparison, Environ. Model. Softw., 41, 84–92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2012.11.002, 2013.
Beringer, A. L. and Kaewsuk, J.: Emerging livelihood vulnerabilities in an urbanizing and climate uncertain environment for the case of a secondary city in Thailand, Sustainability, 10, 1452, https://doi.org/10.3390/su10051452, 2018.
Bertilsson, L., Wiklund, K., de Moura Tebaldi, I., Rezende, O. M., Veról, A. P., and Miguez, M. G.: Urban flood resilience – A multi-criteria index to integrate flood resilience into urban planning, J. Hydrol., 573, 970–982, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.06.052, 2019.
Birkmann, J.: Indicators and criteria for measuring vulnerability: Theoretical bases and requirements, in: Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: Towards Disaster Resilient Societies, vol. 02, United Nations University Press, Tokyo, New York, Paris, 55–77, 2006.
Birkmann, J., Cardona, O. D., Carreño, M. L., Barbat, A. H., Pelling, M., Schneiderbauer, S., Kienberger, S., Keiler, M., Alexander, D., Zeil, P., and Welle, T.: Framing vulnerability, risk and societal responses: the MOVE framework, Nat. Hazards, 67, 193–211, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0558-5, 2013.
Bründl, M., Romang, H. E., Bischof, N., and Rheinberger, C. M.: The risk concept and its application in natural hazard risk management in Switzerland, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 9, 801–813, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-801-2009, 2009.
Cardona, O.-D., Aalst, M. K. van, Birkmann, J., Fordham, M., McGregor, G., Perez, R., Pulwarty, R. S., Schipper, E. L. F., and Sinh, B. T.: Determinants of risk: Exposure and vulnerability, in: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation, vol. 34, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, 65–108, 2012.
Carlier, B., Puissant, A., Dujarric, C., and Arnaud-Fassetta, G.: Upgrading of an index-oriented methodology for consequence analysis of natural hazards: application to the Upper Guil catchment (southern French Alps), Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2221–2239, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-2221-2018, 2018.
Chaliha, S., Sengupta, A., Sharma, N., and Ravindranath, N. H.: Climate
variability and farmer's vulnerability in a flood-prone district of Assam,
Int. J. Clim. Chang. Str., 4, 179–200, https://doi.org/10.1108/17568691211223150, 2012.
Chiu, R., Lin, L., and Ting, S.: Evaluation of green port factors and performance: a fuzzy AHP analysis, Math. Probl. Eng., 2014, 1–12, 2014.
Ciurean, R. L., Schröter, D., and Glade, T.: Conceptual Frameworks of Vulnerability Assessments for Natural Disasters Reduction, in Approaches to Disaster Management – Examining the Implications of Hazards, Emergencies and Disasters completely, Intech., London, 31 pp., 2013.
CRED: EM-DAT: The international disasters database, available at:
https://www.emdat.be/database, last access: 8 December 2019.
Cutter, S. L. and Derakhshan, S.: Temporal and spatial change in disaster resilience in US counties, 2010–2015, Environ. Hazards, 19, 10–29, https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2018.1511405, 2020.
Cutter, S. L., Boruff, B. J., and Shirley, W. L.: Social vulnerability to environmental hazards, Soc. Sci. Quart., 84, 242–261, https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6237.8402002, 2003.
Daksiya, V., Su, H. T., Chang, Y. H., and Lo, E. Y. M.: Incorporating socio-economic effects and uncertain rainfall in flood mitigation decision using MCDA, Nat. Hazards, 87, 515–531, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-017-2774-x, 2017.
de Andrade, M. M. N. and Szlafsztein, C. F.: Vulnerability assessment including tangible and intangible components in the index composition: An Amazon case study of flooding and flash flooding, Sci. Total Environ., 630, 903–912, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.271, 2018.
Debortoli, N. S., Camarinha, P. I. M., Marengo, J. A., and Rodrigues, R. R.: An index of Brazil's vulnerability to expected increases in natural flash flooding and landslide disasters in the context of climate change, Nat. Hazards, 86, 557–582, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2705-2, 2017.
de Brito, M. M. and Evers, M.: Multi-criteria decision-making for flood risk management: a survey of the current state of the art, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1019–1033, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1019-2016, 2016.
de Brito, M. M., Evers, M., and Höllermann, B.: Prioritization of flood vulnerability, coping capacity and exposure indicators through the Delphi technique: A case study in Taquari-Antas basin, Brazil, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 24, 119–128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.05.027, 2017.
de Brito, M. M., Evers, M., and Almoradie, A. D. S.: Participatory flood vulnerability assessment: a multi-criteria approach, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 373–390, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-373-2018, 2018.
de Brito, M. M., Almoradie, A., and Evers, M.: Spatially-explicit sensitivity and uncertainty analysis in a MCDA-based flood vulnerability model, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci., 33, 1788–1806, https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2019.1599125, 2019.
Diaz-Sarachaga, J. M. and Jato-Espino, D.: Analysis of vulnerability assessment frameworks and methodologies in urban areas, Nat. Hazards, 100, 437–457, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-019-03805-y, 2020.
Dilley, M., Chen, R. S., Deichmann, U., Lerner-Lam, A., Arnold, M., Agwe, J., Buys, P., Kjekstad, O., Lyon, B., and Yetman, G.: Natural disaster hotspots: A global risk analysis, World Bank and Columbia University, Washington, D.C., 2005.
Dyer, J. and Kolic, B.: Public risk perception and emotion on Twitter during the Covid-19 pandemic, Appl. Netw. Sci., 5, 99, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41109-020-00334-7, 2020.
Evers, M., Almoradie, A., and de Brito, M. M.: Enhancing Flood Resilience Through Collaborative Modelling and Multi-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), in: The Urban Book Series, Springer International Publishing, New York, 221–236, 2018.
Fatemi, F., Ardalan, A., Aguirre, B., Mansouri, N., and Mohammadfam, I.: Social vulnerability indicators in disasters: Findings from a systematic review, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 22, 219–227, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.09.006, 2017.
Fedeski, M. and Gwilliam, J.: Urban sustainability in the presence of flood and geological hazards: The development of a GIS-based vulnerability and risk assessment methodology, Landscape Urban Plan., 83, 50–61, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.05.012, 2007.
Feizizadeh, B. and Kienberger, S.: Spatially explicit sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for multicriteria-based vulnerability assessment, J. Environ. Plann. Man., 60, 2013–2035, https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2016.1269643, 2017.
Fekete, A.: Validation of a social vulnerability index in context to river-floods in Germany, Journal of the British Academy, 9, 393–403, https://doi.org/10.5871/jba/001.151, 2009.
Fekete, A.: Spatial disaster vulnerability and risk assessments: Challenges in their quality and acceptance, Nat. Hazards, 61, 1161–1178, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9973-7, 2011.
Fekete, A., Damm, M. and Birkmann, J.: Scales as a challenge for vulnerability assessment, Nat. Hazards, 55, 729–747, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-009-9445-5, 2010.
Fekete, A., Aslam, A. B., de Brito, M. M., Dominguez, I., Fernando, N., Illing, C. J., KC, A. K., Mahdavian, F., Norf, C., Platt, S., Santi, P. A., and Tempels, B.: Increasing flood risk awareness and warning readiness by participation – But who understands what under `participation'?, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 57, 102157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102157, 2021.
Fernandez, P., Mourato, S., Moreira, M., and Pereira, L.: A new approach for computing a flood vulnerability index using cluster analysis, Phys. Chem. Earth, 94, 47–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2016.04.003, 2016.
Freudenberg, M.: Composite Indicators of Country Performance: A Critical Assessment, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, 2003.
Fuchs, S., Kuhlicke, C. and Meyer, V.: Editorial for the special issue: Vulnerability to natural hazards-the challenge of integration, Nat. Hazards, 58, 609–619, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9825-5, 2011.
Gan, X., Fernandez, I. C., Guo, J., Wilson, M., Zhao, Y., Zhou, B., and Wu, J.: When to use what: Methods for weighting and aggregating sustainability indicators, Ecol. Indic., 81, 491–502, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.05.068, 2017.
Garbutt, K., Ellul, C., and Fujiyama, T.: Mapping social vulnerability to flood hazard in Norfolk, England, Environ. Hazards, 14, 156–186, https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2015.1028018, 2015.
Garschagen, M. and Kraas, F.: Assessing Future Resilience to Natural Hazards
– The Challenge of Capturing Dynamic Changes under Conditions of
Transformation and Climate Change, in: International Disaster and Risk Conference, IDRC, Davos, 2010.
Gerrard, R. E. C.: Developing an index of community competence in flood response for flood-affected rural parishes on the Somerset Levels and Moors using composite and spatial datasets, Area, 50, 344–352, https://doi.org/10.1111/area.12416, 2018.
Grosso, N., Dias, L., Costa, H. P., Santos, F. D., and Garrett, P.: Continental Portuguese Territory Flood Social Susceptibility Index, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1921–1931, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1921-2015, 2015.
Gu, H., Du, S., Liao, B., Wen, J., Wang, C., Chen, R., and Chen, B.: A hierarchical pattern of urban social vulnerability in Shanghai, China and its implications for risk management, Sustain. Cities Soc., 41, 170–179, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.05.047, 2018.
Guardiola-Albert, C., Díez-Herrero, A., Amerigo Cuervo-Arango, M., Bodoque, J. M., García, J. A., Naranjo-Fernández, N., and Aroca-Jiménez, E.: Analysing flash flood risk perception through a geostatistical approach in the village of Navaluenga, Central Spain, J. Flood Risk Manag., 13, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12590, 2020.
Guo, E., Zhang, J., Ren, X., Zhang, Q., and Sun, Z.: Integrated risk assessment of flood disaster based on improved set pair analysis and the variable fuzzy set theory in central Liaoning Province, China, Nat. Hazards, 74, 947–965, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1238-9, 2014.
Hernández-Uribe, R. E., Barrios-Piña, H., and Ramírez, A. I.: Análisis de riesgo por inundación: Metodología y aplicación a la cuenca Atemajac, Tecnol. Cienc. Agua, 8, 5–25, 2017.
Hirsch, R. M. and Archfield, S. A.: Not higher but more often, Nat. Clim. Change, 5, 198–199, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2551, 2015.
Hoffman, J., Pelzer, P., Albert, L., Béneker, T., Hajer, M., and Mangnus, A.: A futuring approach to teaching wicked problems, J. Geogr. High. Educ., https://doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2020.1869923, in press, 2021.
IPCC: Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, 1st edn., edited by: McCarthy, J. J., Canziani, O. F., Leary, N. A., Dokken, D. J., and White, K. S., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001.
IPCC: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Field, C. B., Barros, V., Stocker, T. F., Qin, D., Dokken, D. J., Ebi, K. L., Mastrandrea, M. D., Mach, K. J., Plattner, G., Allen, S. K., Tignor, M., Midgley, P. M., Cambridge University Press, New York, 2012.
IPCC: Climate change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, USA, 2014.
Jacobs, R., Smith, P., and Goddard, M.: Measuring performance: An examination of composite performance indicators, Centre for Health Economics University of York, York, 2004.
Jamshed, A., Rana, I. A., Mirza, U. M., and Birkmann, J.: Assessing relationship between vulnerability and capacity: An empirical study on rural flooding in Pakistan, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 36, 101109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101109, 2019.
Jamshed, A., Birkmann, J., Feldmeyer, D., and Rana, I. A.: A Conceptual Framework to Understand the Dynamics of Rural–Urban Linkages for Rural Flood Vulnerability, Sustainability, 12, 2894, https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072894, 2020.
Jha, R. K. and Gundimeda, H.: An integrated assessment of vulnerability to floods using composite index – A district level analysis for Bihar, India, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 35, 101074, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101074, 2019.
Jurgilevich, A., Räsänen, A., Groundstroem, F., and Juhola, S.: A systematic review of dynamics in climate risk and vulnerability assessments, Environ. Res. Lett., 12, 013002, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa5508, 2017.
Kablan, M. K. A., Dongo, K., and Coulibaly, M.: Assessment of social vulnerability to flood in urban Côte d'Ivoire using the MOVE framework, Water, 9, 292, https://doi.org/10.3390/w9040292, 2017.
Kam, J., Stowers, K., and Kim, S.: Monitoring of Drought Awareness from Google Trends: A Case Study of the 2011–17 California Drought, Weather. Clim. Soc., 11, 419–429, https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-18-0085.1, 2019.
Kappes, M. S., Papathoma-Köhle, M., and Keiler, M.: Assessing physical vulnerability for multi-hazards using an indicator-based methodology, Appl. Geogr., 32, 577–590, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.07.002, 2012.
Kelman, I.: Lost for Words Amongst Disaster Risk Science Vocabulary?, Int. J. Disast. Risk Sc., 9, 281–291, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-018-0188-3, 2018.
Kobiyama, M., Mendonça, M., Moreno, D. A., Marcelino, I. P. V. de O., Marcelino, E. V., Gonçalves, E. F., Brazetti, L. L. P., Goerl, R. F., Molleri, G. S. F., and Rudorff, F. de M.: Prevenção de desastres naturais: conceitos básicos, 1st edn., Organic Trading, Florianópolis, 2006.
Koks, E. E., Jongman, B., Husby, T. G., and Botzen, W. J. W.: Combining hazard, exposure and social vulnerability to provide lessons for flood risk management, Environ. Sci. Policy, 47, 42–52, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2014.10.013, 2015.
Kontokosta, C. E. and Malik, A.: The Resilience to Emergencies and Disasters Index: Applying big data to benchmark and validate neighborhood resilience capacity, Sustain. Cities Soc., 36, 272–285, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.10.025, 2018.
Kotzee, I. and Reyers, B.: Piloting a social-ecological index for measuring flood resilience: A composite index approach, Ecol. Indic., 60, 45–53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.06.018, 2016.
Kubal, C., Haase, D., Meyer, V., and Scheuer, S.: Integrated urban flood risk
assessment – adapting a multicriteria approach to a city, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 9, 1881–1895, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-1881-2009, 2009.
Kuhlicke, C., Scolobig, A., Tapsell, S., Steinführer, A., and De Marchi, B.: Contextualizing social vulnerability: findings from case studies across Europe, Nat. Hazards, 58, 789–810, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9751-6, 2011.
Kuhlicke, C., Seebauer, S., Hudson, P., Begg, C., Bubeck, P., Dittmer, C., Grothmann, T., Heidenreich, A., Kreibich, H., Lorenz, D. F., Masson, T., Reiter, J., Thaler, T., Thieken, A. H., and Bamberg, S.: The behavioral turn in flood risk management, its assumptions and potential implications, WIREs Water, 7, 1–22, https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1418, 2020.
Leung, J. Y. S., Russell, B. D., and Connell, S. D.: Summary for Policymakers, available at: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/2/2019/05/SR15_SPM_version_report_LR.pdf (last access: 10 May 2021), 2019.
Lianxiao and Morimoto, T.: Spatial analysis of social vulnerability to floods based on the MOVE framework and information entropy method: Case study of Katsushika Ward, Tokyo, Sustainability, 11, 529, https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020529, 2019.
Luan, W., Lu, L., Li, X., and Ma, C.: Weight Determination of Sustainable Development Indicators Using a Global Sensitivity Analysis Method, Sustainability, 9, 303, https://doi.org/10.3390/su9020303, 2017.
Merz, V. B., Kreibich, H., and Apel, H.: Flood risk analysis: Uncertainties
and validation, Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, 60, 89–94, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00506-008-0001-4, 2008.
Miguez, M. G. and Veról, A. P.: A catchment scale Integrated Flood Resilience Index to support decision making in urban flood control design, Environ. Plann. B, 44, 925–946, https://doi.org/10.1177/0265813516655799, 2017.
Moreira, L. L., de Brito, M. M., and Kobiyama, M.: Effects of Different Normalization, Aggregation, and Classification Methods on the Construction of Flood Vulnerability Indexes, Water, 13, 98, https://doi.org/10.3390/w13010098, 2021.
Müller, A., Reiter, J., and Weiland, U.: Assessment of urban vulnerability
towards floods using an indicator-based approach – a case study for Santiago
de Chile, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 2107–2123,
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-2107-2011, 2011.
Munyai, R. B., Musyoki, A., and Nethengwe, N. S.: An assessment of flood vulnerability and adaptation: A case study of Hamutsha-Muungamunwe village, Makhado municipality, Jamba J. Disaster Risk Stud., 11, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v11i2.692, 2019.
Nardo, M., Saisana, M., Saltelli, A., and Tarantola, S.: Handbook of Contructing Compsoite Indicators: Methodology and user guide, Secretary-General of the OECD, Paris, 2008.
Nasiri, H., Mohd Yusof, M. J., and Mohammad Ali, T. A.: An overview to flood vulnerability assessment methods, Sustain. Water Resour. Manag., 2, 331–336, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-016-0051-x, 2016.
Nazeer, M. and Bork, H. R.: Flood vulnerability assessment through different methodological approaches in the context of North-West Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Sustainability, 11, 6695, https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236695, 2019.
Okazawa, Y., Yeh, P. J.-F., Kanae, S., and Oki, T.: Development of a global flood risk index based on natural and socio-economic factors, Hydrolog. Sci. J., 56, 789–804, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2011.583249, 2011.
Oulahen, G., Mortsch, L., Tang, K., and Harford, D.: Unequal Vulnerability to Flood Hazards: “Ground Truthing” a Social Vulnerability Index of Five Municipalities in Metro Vancouver, Canada, Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr., 105, 473–495, https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2015.1012634, 2015.
Papathoma-Köhle, M., Keiler, M., Totschnig, R., and Glade, T.: Improvement of vulnerability curves using data from extreme events: Debris flow event in South Tyrol, Nat. Hazards, 64, 2083–2105, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0105-9, 2012.
Papathoma-Köhle, M., Gems, B., Sturm, M., and Fuchs, S.: Matrices, curves and indicators: A review of approaches to assess physical vulnerability to debris flows, Earth-Sci. Rev., 171, 272–288, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.06.007, 2017.
Pearl, J.: Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, United States, 1988.
Rehman, S., Sahana, M., Hong, H., Sajjad, H., and Ahmed, B. Bin: A systematic review on approaches and methods used for flood vulnerability assessment: framework for future research, Nat. Hazards, 96, 975–998, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-03567-z, 2019.
Reiter, J., Wenzel, B., Dittmer, C., Lorenz, D. F., and Voss, M.: The 2013
flood in the community of Elbe-Havel-Land in the eyes of the population,
Research report of the quantitative survey, KFS Working Paper, KFS, Berlin, 2018.
Remo, J. W. F., Pinter, N., and Mahgoub, M.: Assessing Illinois's flood vulnerability using Hazus-MH, Nat. Hazards, 81, 265–287, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-2077-z, 2016.
Rezende, O. M., de Franco, A. B. R. da C., de Oliveira, A. K. B., Jacob, A. C. P., and Miguez, M. G.: A framework to introduce urban flood resilience into the design of flood control alternatives, J. Hydrol., 576, 478–493, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.06.063, 2019.
Rogelis, M. C., Werner, M., Obregón, N., and Wright, N.: Regional prioritisation of flood risk in mountainous areas, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 833–853, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-833-2016, 2016.
Rufat, S., Tate, E., Burton, C. G., and Maroof, A. S.: Social vulnerability to floods: Review of case studies and implications for measurement, Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 14, 470–486, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.09.013, 2015.
Saisana, M. and Saltelli, A.: Expert Panel Opinion and Global Sensitivity Analysis for Composite Indicators, in: Computational Methods in Transport: Verification and Validation, Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, vol. 62, edited by: Graziani, F., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77362-7_11, 2008.
Saisana, M. and Tarantola, S.: State-of-the-art Report on Current
Methodologies and Practices for Composite Indicator Development, European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, 1–72, 2002.
Saisana, M., Tarantola, S., and Saltelli, A.: Uncertainty and sensitivity techniques as tools for the analysis and validation of composite indicators, J. R. Stat. Soc., 168, 307–323, 2005.
Sam, A. S., Kumar, R., Kächele, H., and Müller, K.: Vulnerabilities to flood hazards among rural households in India, Nat. Hazards, 88, 1133–1153, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-017-2911-6, 2017.
Schmidtlein, M. C., Deutsch, R. C., Piegorsch, W. W., and Cutter, S. L.: A Sensitivity Analysis of the Social Vulnerability Index, Risk Anal., 28, 1099–1114, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01072.x, 2008.
Schneiderbauer, S. and Ehrlich, D.: Social levels and hazard (in)dependence in determining vulnerability, in: Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: Towards Disaster Resilient Societies, United Nations University Press, Tokyo, New York, Paris, 78–102, 2006.
Schuster-Wallace, C. J., Murray, S. J., and McBean, E. A.: Integrating Social Dimensions into Flood Cost Forecasting, Water Resour. Manag., 32, 3175–3187, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-018-1983-8, 2018.
Shah, A. A., Ye, J., Abid, M., Khan, J., and Amir, S. M.: Flood hazards: household vulnerability and resilience in disaster-prone districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan, Nat. Hazards, 93, 147–165, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3293-0, 2018.
Tarbotton, C., Osso, F. D., Dominey-howes, D., and Goff, J.: The use of empirical vulnerability functions to assess the response of buildings to tsunami impact: Comparative review and summary of best practice, Earth-Sci. Rev., 142, 120–134, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.01.002, 2015.
Tate, E.: Social vulnerability indices: a comparative assessment using uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, Nat. Hazards, 63, 325–347, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0152-2, 2012.
Tate, E.: Uncertainty Analysis for a Social Vulnerability Index, Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr., 103, 526–543, https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2012.700616, 2013.
Török, I.: Qualitative assessment of social vulnerability to flood hazards in Romania, Sustainability, 10, 3780, https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103780, 2018.
Turner, B. L., Kasperson, R. E., Matson, P. A., Mccarthy, J. J., and Corell, R. W.: A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 8074–8079, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1231335100, 2003.
UNDP: Disaster resilience measurements: Stocktaking of ongoing efforts in developing systems for measuring resilience, available at: https://www.preventionweb.net/files/37916_disasterresiliencemeasurementsundpt.pdf (last access: 10 May 2021), 2014.
UNDRR: Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction, UNISDR, Geneva, 2017.
UNISDR: Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, Sendai, 2015.
UNISDR: Report of the open-ended intergovernmental expert working group on indicators and terminology relating to disaster risk reduction, available at: https://www.preventionweb.net/files/50683_oiewgreportenglish.pdf (last access: 10 May 2021), 2016.
Wisner, B., Gaillard, J. C., and Kelman, I.: Framing disaster: Theories and stories seeking to understand hazards, vulnerability and risk, in: Handbook of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction, Routledge, Abingdon, 18–34, 2012.
Wu, Y., Zhong, P. an, Zhang, Y., Xu, B., Ma, B., and Yan, K.: Integrated flood risk assessment and zonation method: A case study in Huaihe River basin, China, Nat. Hazards, 78, 635–651, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1737-3, 2015.
Yang, W., Xu, K., Lian, J., Ma, C., and Bin, L.: Integrated flood vulnerability assessment approach based on TOPSIS and Shannon entropy methods, Ecol. Indic., 89, 269–280, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.02.015, 2018a.
Yang, W., Xu, K., Lian, J., Bin, L., and Ma, C.: Multiple flood vulnerability assessment approach based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and coordinated development degree model, J. Environ. Manage., 213, 440–450, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.02.085, 2018b.
Yoon, D. K.: Assessment of social vulnerability to natural disasters: A comparative study, Nat. Hazards, 63, 823–843, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0189-2, 2012.
Zarekarizi, M., Srikrishnan, V., and Keller, K.: Neglecting uncertainties biases house-elevation decisions to manage riverine flood risks, Nat. Commun., 11, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19188-9, 2020.
Zhang, G. and Zhu, A.-X.: The representativeness and spatial bias of
volunteered geographic information: a review, Annales of GIS, 24, 151–162, https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2018.1501607, 2018.
Zhang, Y. L. and You, W. J.: Social vulnerability to floods: A case study of Huaihe River Basin, Nat. Hazards, 71, 2113–2125, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0996-0, 2014.
Zielstra, D. and Zipf, A.: A comparative study of proprietary geodata and
volunteered geographic information for Germany, in: 13th AGILE International
Conference on Geographic Information Science, vol. 2010, Guimarães, 1–15,
available at:
http://agile2010.dsi.uminho.pt/pen/shortpapers_pdf/142_doc.pdf (last access: 3 January 2021), 2010.
Download
- Article
(1061 KB) - Full-text XML
Short summary
The review of flood vulnerability indices revealed that (1) temporal dynamic aspects were often disregarded, (2) coping and adaptive capacity indicators were frequently ignored, as obtaining these data demand time and effort, and (3) most studies neither applied sensitivity (90.5 %) or uncertainty analyses (96.8 %) nor validated the results (86.3 %). The study highlights the importance of addressing these gaps to produce scientifically rigorous and comparable research.
The review of flood vulnerability indices revealed that (1) temporal dynamic aspects were often...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint