Articles | Volume 19, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-2183-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-2183-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
09 Oct 2019
Research article |
| 09 Oct 2019
| 09 Oct 2019
Environmental controls on surf zone injuries on high-energy beaches
Bruno Castelle
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
CNRS, UMR EPOC, Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac, France
UMR EPOC, Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac, France
Tim Scott
Coastal Processes Research Group, School of Biological and Marine
Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
Rob Brander
School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Jak McCarroll
Coastal Processes Research Group, School of Biological and Marine
Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
Arthur Robinet
Bureau de Recherche en Géologie Minière, Orléans, France
Eric Tellier
INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health
Research, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health
Research, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
Pôle Urgences Adultes, CHU de Bordeaux, SAMU-SMUR, Bordeaux,
France
Elias de Korte
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Bruno Simonnet
Pôle Urgences Adultes, CHU de Bordeaux, SAMU-SMUR, Bordeaux,
France
Louis-Rachid Salmi
INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health
Research, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health
Research, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
Pôle de Santé Publique, CHU de Bordeaux, Service
d'Information Médicale, Bordeaux, France
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Cited
25 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Coastal drowning in Costa Rica: incident analysis and comparisons between Costa Rican nationals and foreigners L. Segura et al. 10.1007/s11069-021-04980-7
- Drowning Incidents and Conditions Due to Hidden Flash Rips Y. Liu & C. Wu 10.2139/ssrn.4000678
- Need for consistent beach lifeguard data collection: results from an international survey W. Koon et al. 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043793
- Coastal drowning incidents and nearshore environmental conditions in Taiwan M. Lee et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107545
- Environmental controls on lifeguard-estimated surf-zone hazards, beach crowds, and resulting life risk at a high-energy sandy beach in southwest France B. Castelle et al. 10.1007/s11069-023-06250-0
- Predicting individual’s decision to enter the water at a high-energy recreational surf beach in France J. Dehez et al. 10.1136/ip-2024-045574
- Relationships between the tide and fatal drowning at surf beaches in New South Wales, Australia: Implications for coastal safety management and practice W. Koon et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106584
- Analysis and machine-learning-based prediction of beach accidents on a recreational beach in China Y. Li et al. 10.1007/s44218-024-00067-5
- Drowning incidents and conditions due to hidden flash rips in Lake Michigan Y. Liu & C. Wu 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154314
- A Bayesian network approach to modelling rip-current drownings and shore-break wave injuries E. de Korte et al. 10.5194/nhess-21-2075-2021
- Short communication: evidence for geologic control of rip channels along Prince Edward Island, Canada P. Wernette & C. Houser 10.1080/02723646.2021.1923389
- Investigating beachgoer’s perception of coastal bathing risks in southwest France J. Dehez et al. 10.1007/s11069-024-06715-w
- Drowning incidents in urban rivers: An underestimated issue with future challenges in need of an interdisciplinary database to characterise its epidemiology C. Maghakian et al. 10.1016/j.envc.2023.100822
- Preventing beach goers from drowning: analysis of geomorphological and human data to better understand factors leading to surf rescues O. Thom et al. 10.1007/s11069-024-06746-3
- Surf zone hazards before and after a beach nourishment in Virginia, USA S. McGill et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107367
- The role of surfers in beach safety management: Insights from French respondents to a global surfer survey J. Dehez et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106973
- Observation and Modeling of the Equilibrium Slope Response of a High-Energy Meso-Macrotidal Sandy Beach C. Labarthe et al. 10.3390/jmse11030584
- Beach Breaking Waves and Related Cervical Spine Injuries: A Level One Trauma Center Experience and Systematic Review D. Griepp et al. 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.01.055
- Assessment of Beach Slope and Sediment Grain Size Anywhere in the World: Review of Existing Formulae, Integration of Tidal Influence, and Perspectives from Satellite Observations A. Arias et al. 10.3390/jmse13010058
- Attitudes, perceived bathing risks and behaviours among recreational users at a high-energy beach in South-West France. A dataset containing human and environmental data, beachgoers and lifeguards assessments S. Lyser et al. 10.1016/j.dib.2024.111001
- New insights into combined surfzone, embayment, and estuarine bathing hazards C. Stokes et al. 10.5194/nhess-24-4049-2024
- Beach management policy analysis concerning safety flag systems in Northern Spain I. Basterretxea-Iribar et al. 10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105226
- 16 years of topographic surveys of rip-channelled high-energy meso-macrotidal sandy beach B. Castelle et al. 10.1038/s41597-020-00750-5
- Evaluating the effectiveness of a science-based community beach safety intervention: The Science of the Surf (SOS) presentation R. Brander et al. 10.1016/j.csr.2022.104722
- Predicting drowning from sea and weather forecasts: development and validation of a model on surf beaches of southwestern France É. Tellier et al. 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-044092
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Coastal drowning in Costa Rica: incident analysis and comparisons between Costa Rican nationals and foreigners L. Segura et al. 10.1007/s11069-021-04980-7
- Drowning Incidents and Conditions Due to Hidden Flash Rips Y. Liu & C. Wu 10.2139/ssrn.4000678
- Need for consistent beach lifeguard data collection: results from an international survey W. Koon et al. 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043793
- Coastal drowning incidents and nearshore environmental conditions in Taiwan M. Lee et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107545
- Environmental controls on lifeguard-estimated surf-zone hazards, beach crowds, and resulting life risk at a high-energy sandy beach in southwest France B. Castelle et al. 10.1007/s11069-023-06250-0
- Predicting individual’s decision to enter the water at a high-energy recreational surf beach in France J. Dehez et al. 10.1136/ip-2024-045574
- Relationships between the tide and fatal drowning at surf beaches in New South Wales, Australia: Implications for coastal safety management and practice W. Koon et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106584
- Analysis and machine-learning-based prediction of beach accidents on a recreational beach in China Y. Li et al. 10.1007/s44218-024-00067-5
- Drowning incidents and conditions due to hidden flash rips in Lake Michigan Y. Liu & C. Wu 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154314
- A Bayesian network approach to modelling rip-current drownings and shore-break wave injuries E. de Korte et al. 10.5194/nhess-21-2075-2021
- Short communication: evidence for geologic control of rip channels along Prince Edward Island, Canada P. Wernette & C. Houser 10.1080/02723646.2021.1923389
- Investigating beachgoer’s perception of coastal bathing risks in southwest France J. Dehez et al. 10.1007/s11069-024-06715-w
- Drowning incidents in urban rivers: An underestimated issue with future challenges in need of an interdisciplinary database to characterise its epidemiology C. Maghakian et al. 10.1016/j.envc.2023.100822
- Preventing beach goers from drowning: analysis of geomorphological and human data to better understand factors leading to surf rescues O. Thom et al. 10.1007/s11069-024-06746-3
- Surf zone hazards before and after a beach nourishment in Virginia, USA S. McGill et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107367
- The role of surfers in beach safety management: Insights from French respondents to a global surfer survey J. Dehez et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106973
- Observation and Modeling of the Equilibrium Slope Response of a High-Energy Meso-Macrotidal Sandy Beach C. Labarthe et al. 10.3390/jmse11030584
- Beach Breaking Waves and Related Cervical Spine Injuries: A Level One Trauma Center Experience and Systematic Review D. Griepp et al. 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.01.055
- Assessment of Beach Slope and Sediment Grain Size Anywhere in the World: Review of Existing Formulae, Integration of Tidal Influence, and Perspectives from Satellite Observations A. Arias et al. 10.3390/jmse13010058
- Attitudes, perceived bathing risks and behaviours among recreational users at a high-energy beach in South-West France. A dataset containing human and environmental data, beachgoers and lifeguards assessments S. Lyser et al. 10.1016/j.dib.2024.111001
- New insights into combined surfzone, embayment, and estuarine bathing hazards C. Stokes et al. 10.5194/nhess-24-4049-2024
- Beach management policy analysis concerning safety flag systems in Northern Spain I. Basterretxea-Iribar et al. 10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105226
- 16 years of topographic surveys of rip-channelled high-energy meso-macrotidal sandy beach B. Castelle et al. 10.1038/s41597-020-00750-5
- Evaluating the effectiveness of a science-based community beach safety intervention: The Science of the Surf (SOS) presentation R. Brander et al. 10.1016/j.csr.2022.104722
Latest update: 09 Jul 2025
Short summary
For the first time we explore the influence of environmental conditions (wave and weather conditions, tide elevation, and beach morphology) on surf zone injuries (e.g. drowning incidents, spine injuries). Serious injuries are caused by the two primary hazards found along high-energy surf beaches: shore-break waves and narrow seaward-flowing rip currents, which have different environmental controls. Results have strong implications for future beach safety management and education of beach users.
For the first time we explore the influence of environmental conditions (wave and weather...
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