Articles | Volume 18, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1867-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1867-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Jul 2018
Research article |
| 06 Jul 2018
| 06 Jul 2018
Formation, breaching and flood consequences of a landslide dam near Bujumbura, Burundi
Léonidas Nibigira
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Geohazards and Environment, Department of Geology, University of
Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
Hans-Balder Havenith
Geohazards and Environment, Department of Geology, University of
Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
Pierre Archambeau
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil
Engineering (HECE), Research unit Urban & Environmental Engineering,
University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
Benjamin Dewals
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil
Engineering (HECE), Research unit Urban & Environmental Engineering,
University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Landslides, bedrock incision and human-induced environmental changes in an extremely rapidly formed tropical river gorge T. Mugaruka Bibentyo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2023.109046
- Constraining landslide timing in a data-scarce context: from recent to very old processes in the tropical environment of the North Tanganyika-Kivu Rift region O. Dewitte et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01452-0
- A Haddon matrix-based analysis of the anthropogenic drivers of floods in 10 Eastern African partner countries of the Belt and Road Initiative 1990–2021 J. Balikuddembe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103683
- A Numerical Study of the Critical Threshold for Landslide Dam Formation Considering Landslide and River Dynamics W. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.651887
- Efficient risk assessment of landslide dam breach floods in the Yarlung Tsangpo river basin D. Shen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-024-02309-6
- Method for predicting factor of safety and seepage due to variation in dam width and other parameters M. Khan & S. Wang https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeen.21.00042
- Fully convolutional networks for land cover classification from historical panchromatic aerial photographs N. Mboga et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.07.005
- Characteristics and Distribution of Landslides in the Populated Hillslopes of Bujumbura, Burundi D. Kubwimana et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11060259
- Risk-Based Warning Decision Making of Cascade Breaching of the Tangjiashan Landslide Dam and Two Smaller Downstream Landslide Dams Y. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.648919
- Integration of multi-sensor MTInSAR and ground-based geomatic data for the analysis of non-linear displacements affecting the urban area of Chieuti, Italy A. Sonnessa et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2023.103194
- Analysis and modeling of the combined effects of hydrological factors on a reservoir bank slope in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China D. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105858
- Investigation of landslide dam life span using prediction models based on multiple machine learning algorithms H. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2273213
- From landslides to debris floods: Understanding cascading hazard mechanisms in the Nyamwamba catchment, Mt. Rwenzori, Uganda A. Mazimwe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nhres.2025.11.002
- The added value of a regional landslide susceptibility assessment: The western branch of the East African Rift A. Depicker et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.106886
- Cascading Landslide–Barrier Dam–Outburst Flood Hazard: A Systematic Study Using Rockfall Analyst and HEC-RAS M. Zhong et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17111842
- Bayesian lifetime analysis for landslide dams G. Frigerio Porta et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01388-5
- Monitoring and characteristics of formation and failure of a recurrent landslide dam: A case study of the Danan River landslide dam in Taitung, Taiwan Y. Tsai & K. Chen https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-026-04829-y
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Landslides, bedrock incision and human-induced environmental changes in an extremely rapidly formed tropical river gorge T. Mugaruka Bibentyo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2023.109046
- Constraining landslide timing in a data-scarce context: from recent to very old processes in the tropical environment of the North Tanganyika-Kivu Rift region O. Dewitte et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01452-0
- A Haddon matrix-based analysis of the anthropogenic drivers of floods in 10 Eastern African partner countries of the Belt and Road Initiative 1990–2021 J. Balikuddembe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103683
- A Numerical Study of the Critical Threshold for Landslide Dam Formation Considering Landslide and River Dynamics W. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.651887
- Efficient risk assessment of landslide dam breach floods in the Yarlung Tsangpo river basin D. Shen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-024-02309-6
- Method for predicting factor of safety and seepage due to variation in dam width and other parameters M. Khan & S. Wang https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeen.21.00042
- Fully convolutional networks for land cover classification from historical panchromatic aerial photographs N. Mboga et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.07.005
- Characteristics and Distribution of Landslides in the Populated Hillslopes of Bujumbura, Burundi D. Kubwimana et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11060259
- Risk-Based Warning Decision Making of Cascade Breaching of the Tangjiashan Landslide Dam and Two Smaller Downstream Landslide Dams Y. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.648919
- Integration of multi-sensor MTInSAR and ground-based geomatic data for the analysis of non-linear displacements affecting the urban area of Chieuti, Italy A. Sonnessa et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2023.103194
- Analysis and modeling of the combined effects of hydrological factors on a reservoir bank slope in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China D. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105858
- Investigation of landslide dam life span using prediction models based on multiple machine learning algorithms H. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2273213
- From landslides to debris floods: Understanding cascading hazard mechanisms in the Nyamwamba catchment, Mt. Rwenzori, Uganda A. Mazimwe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nhres.2025.11.002
- The added value of a regional landslide susceptibility assessment: The western branch of the East African Rift A. Depicker et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.106886
- Cascading Landslide–Barrier Dam–Outburst Flood Hazard: A Systematic Study Using Rockfall Analyst and HEC-RAS M. Zhong et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17111842
- Bayesian lifetime analysis for landslide dams G. Frigerio Porta et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01388-5
- Monitoring and characteristics of formation and failure of a recurrent landslide dam: A case study of the Danan River landslide dam in Taitung, Taiwan Y. Tsai & K. Chen https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-026-04829-y
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 22 Aug 2026
Short summary
Flood prediction methods are often based solely on climatic parameters and sometimes on the failure of existing dams. This paper shows the importance of multi-hazard studies, including potential natural dam formation to avoid risk underestimation. We present an end-to-end analysis, ranging from the origin of the landslide up to the computation of flood waves induced by the dam breaching. The paper is based on a case study of Bujumbura in the East African Rift Valley, a multi-hazard environment.
Flood prediction methods are often based solely on climatic parameters and sometimes on the ...
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