Articles | Volume 18, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-2537-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-2537-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Sep 2018
Research article |
| 20 Sep 2018
| 20 Sep 2018
Communicating public avalanche warnings – what works?
School of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050, Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
Section for Glaciers, Ice and Snow, Hydrology Department, Norwegian Water and Energy Directorate, Postboks 5091, Majorstua, 0301 Oslo, Norway
Centre for Avalanche Research and Education, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050, Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
Gerit Pfuhl
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050, Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
Markus Landrø
Section for Glaciers, Ice and Snow, Hydrology Department, Norwegian Water and Energy Directorate, Postboks 5091, Majorstua, 0301 Oslo, Norway
Centre for Avalanche Research and Education, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050, Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050, Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
Andrea Mannberg
Centre for Avalanche Research and Education, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050, Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
School of Business and Economics, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Breivangvegen 23, 9010 Tromsø, Norway
Audun Hetland
Centre for Avalanche Research and Education, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050, Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050, Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Total article views: 7,463 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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Total article views: 6,674 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 6,351 with geography defined
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Total article views: 789 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 766 with geography defined
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Cited
35 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Avalanche decision-making frameworks: Classification and description of underlying factors M. Landrø et al.
- Impact of information presentation on interpretability of spatial hazard information: lessons from a study in avalanche safety K. Fisher et al.
- Building a shared vocabulary: toward a typology for the human factor in avalanche terrain T. Skille et al.
- Uncertainty in three dimensions: the challenges of communicating probabilistic flood forecast maps V. Jean et al.
- Timing and identification of potential snow avalanche types: a case study of the central Tianshan Mountains J. Hao et al.
- Predicting avalanche danger in northern Norway using statistical models K. Eiselt & R. Graversen
- A user perspective on the avalanche danger scale – insights from North America A. Morgan et al.
- Varsom : Historikk og bruk av NVEs overvåkings- og varslingstjeneste H. Colleuille et al.
- Past and future changes in avalanche problems in northern Norway estimated with machine-learning models K. Eiselt & R. Graversen
- Developing nationwide avalanche terrain maps for Norway H. Larsen et al.
- Stakeholder solutions for building interdisciplinary and international synergies between Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction L. Booth et al.
- Machine learning for automated avalanche terrain exposure scale (ATES) classification K. Markov et al.
- Understanding exposure to avalanche terrain and avalanche information product use of snowshoers and winter hikers: Insights from Mount Seymour Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada G. Slimkowich & P. Haegeli
- The influence of tailored risk communication on individual adaptive behaviour M. Attems et al.
- Colours and maps for communicating natural hazards to users with and without colour vision deficiency R. Engeset et al.
- AutoATES v2.0: Automated Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale mapping H. Toft et al.
- Avalanche education in Norway: addressing challenges and priorities through instructors’ insights on teaching and learning. A mixed methods study T. Dassler et al.
- On the correlation between a sub-level qualifier refining the danger level with observations and models relating to the contributing factors of avalanche danger F. Techel et al.
- How is avalanche danger described in textual descriptions in avalanche forecasts in Switzerland? Consistency between forecasters and avalanche danger V. Hutter et al.
- On the correlation between the forecast avalanche danger and avalanche risk taken by backcountry skiers in Switzerland K. Winkler et al.
- Winter–Spring Prediction of Snow Avalanche Susceptibility Using Optimisation Multi-Source Heterogeneous Factors in the Western Tianshan Mountains, China J. Yang et al.
- Review article: A scoping review of human factors in avalanche decision-making A. Hetland et al.
- It's fun … until it isn't: Boosting and nudging for safer decisions in hazardous backcountry winter mountains T. Dahl et al.
- Research Note: Sources used for trip planning when there is no avalanche forecast T. Dassler et al.
- Backcountry skiing in Norway: Between global lifestyle sport and national tradition T. Skille & E. Skille
- Challenges of Using Signaling Data From Telecom Network in Non-Urban Areas H. Toft et al.
- Covid-19 pandemic lessons: uncritical communication of test results can induce more harm than benefit and raises questions on standardized quality criteria for communication and liability F. Porzsolt et al.
- Sanser i spill og følelser i fjellet: Den sensoriske skikjøreren T. Skille
- The EAWS matrix, a decision support tool to determine the regional avalanche danger level (Part B): operational testing and use F. Techel et al.
- Exploring the avalanche bulletin as an avenue for continuing education by including learning interventions K. Fisher et al.
- Exploring motivations of winter backcountry recreationists in support of avalanche risk communication A. Neweduk & P. Haegeli
- Identifying Resilience Factors of Distress and Paranoia During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Five Countries M. Mækelæ et al.
- End user and forecaster interpretations of the European Avalanche Danger Scale: A study of avalanche probability judgments in Scotland P. Ebert et al.
- Avalanche decision-making frameworks: Factors and methods used by experts M. Landrø et al.
- Liking and perceived safety across judgments of distinct instances of a category of activity M. Stephensen & T. Martiny-Huenger
35 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Avalanche decision-making frameworks: Classification and description of underlying factors M. Landrø et al.
- Impact of information presentation on interpretability of spatial hazard information: lessons from a study in avalanche safety K. Fisher et al.
- Building a shared vocabulary: toward a typology for the human factor in avalanche terrain T. Skille et al.
- Uncertainty in three dimensions: the challenges of communicating probabilistic flood forecast maps V. Jean et al.
- Timing and identification of potential snow avalanche types: a case study of the central Tianshan Mountains J. Hao et al.
- Predicting avalanche danger in northern Norway using statistical models K. Eiselt & R. Graversen
- A user perspective on the avalanche danger scale – insights from North America A. Morgan et al.
- Varsom : Historikk og bruk av NVEs overvåkings- og varslingstjeneste H. Colleuille et al.
- Past and future changes in avalanche problems in northern Norway estimated with machine-learning models K. Eiselt & R. Graversen
- Developing nationwide avalanche terrain maps for Norway H. Larsen et al.
- Stakeholder solutions for building interdisciplinary and international synergies between Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction L. Booth et al.
- Machine learning for automated avalanche terrain exposure scale (ATES) classification K. Markov et al.
- Understanding exposure to avalanche terrain and avalanche information product use of snowshoers and winter hikers: Insights from Mount Seymour Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada G. Slimkowich & P. Haegeli
- The influence of tailored risk communication on individual adaptive behaviour M. Attems et al.
- Colours and maps for communicating natural hazards to users with and without colour vision deficiency R. Engeset et al.
- AutoATES v2.0: Automated Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale mapping H. Toft et al.
- Avalanche education in Norway: addressing challenges and priorities through instructors’ insights on teaching and learning. A mixed methods study T. Dassler et al.
- On the correlation between a sub-level qualifier refining the danger level with observations and models relating to the contributing factors of avalanche danger F. Techel et al.
- How is avalanche danger described in textual descriptions in avalanche forecasts in Switzerland? Consistency between forecasters and avalanche danger V. Hutter et al.
- On the correlation between the forecast avalanche danger and avalanche risk taken by backcountry skiers in Switzerland K. Winkler et al.
- Winter–Spring Prediction of Snow Avalanche Susceptibility Using Optimisation Multi-Source Heterogeneous Factors in the Western Tianshan Mountains, China J. Yang et al.
- Review article: A scoping review of human factors in avalanche decision-making A. Hetland et al.
- It's fun … until it isn't: Boosting and nudging for safer decisions in hazardous backcountry winter mountains T. Dahl et al.
- Research Note: Sources used for trip planning when there is no avalanche forecast T. Dassler et al.
- Backcountry skiing in Norway: Between global lifestyle sport and national tradition T. Skille & E. Skille
- Challenges of Using Signaling Data From Telecom Network in Non-Urban Areas H. Toft et al.
- Covid-19 pandemic lessons: uncritical communication of test results can induce more harm than benefit and raises questions on standardized quality criteria for communication and liability F. Porzsolt et al.
- Sanser i spill og følelser i fjellet: Den sensoriske skikjøreren T. Skille
- The EAWS matrix, a decision support tool to determine the regional avalanche danger level (Part B): operational testing and use F. Techel et al.
- Exploring the avalanche bulletin as an avenue for continuing education by including learning interventions K. Fisher et al.
- Exploring motivations of winter backcountry recreationists in support of avalanche risk communication A. Neweduk & P. Haegeli
- Identifying Resilience Factors of Distress and Paranoia During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Five Countries M. Mækelæ et al.
- End user and forecaster interpretations of the European Avalanche Danger Scale: A study of avalanche probability judgments in Scotland P. Ebert et al.
- Avalanche decision-making frameworks: Factors and methods used by experts M. Landrø et al.
- Liking and perceived safety across judgments of distinct instances of a category of activity M. Stephensen & T. Martiny-Huenger
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 29 Apr 2026
Short summary
The Norwegian Avalanche Warning Service was launched in 2013 to stop the increase in avalanche fatalities. We studied how efficiently warnings communicate the hazard on Varsom.no: which risk factors are difficult to assess and manage? Which elements in the warning are (not) important? Which elements are easily misunderstood? Which information/features are missing/ignored by users? We developed a communication effectiveness score for testing this using an online survey.
The Norwegian Avalanche Warning Service was launched in 2013 to stop the increase in avalanche...
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