Articles | Volume 16, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-775-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-775-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
18 Mar 2016
Research article |
| 18 Mar 2016
Snow instability evaluation: calculating the skier-induced stress in a multi-layered snowpack
Fabiano Monti
WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
ALPsolut S. r. l., Via Saroch 1098b, c/o Plaza Placheda, 23030 Livigno, Italy
Johan Gaume
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
Alec van Herwijnen
WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
Jürg Schweizer
WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
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Cited
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Application of physical snowpack models in support of operational avalanche hazard forecasting: A status report on current implementations and prospects for the future S. Morin et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102910
- Snow mechanical property variability at the slope scale – implication for snow mechanical modelling F. Meloche et al. 10.5194/tc-18-1359-2024
- Sensitivity of modeled snow stability data to meteorological input uncertainty B. Richter et al. 10.5194/nhess-20-2873-2020
- Influence of slab depth spatial variability on skier-triggering probability and avalanche size F. Meloche et al. 10.1017/aog.2024.3
- Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 2: Coupled mixed-mode criterion for skier-triggered anticracks P. Rosendahl & P. Weißgraeber 10.5194/tc-14-131-2020
- Assessing snow instability in skier-triggered snow slab avalanches by combining failure initiation and crack propagation J. Gaume & B. Reuter 10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.05.011
- A data exploration tool for averaging and accessing large data sets of snow stratigraphy profiles useful for avalanche forecasting F. Herla et al. 10.5194/tc-16-3149-2022
- Comparing measurements of snow mechanical properties relevant for slab avalanche release B. REUTER et al. 10.1017/jog.2018.93
- Large-ensemble climate simulations to assess changes in snow stability over northern Japan Y. Katsuyama et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.85
- Stress measurements in the weak layer during snow stability tests S. Griesser et al. 10.1017/aog.2023.49
- Stress Concentrations in Weak Snowpack Layers and Conditions for Slab Avalanche Release J. Gaume et al. 10.1029/2018GL078900
- Data-driven automated predictions of the avalanche danger level for dry-snow conditions in Switzerland C. Pérez-Guillén et al. 10.5194/nhess-22-2031-2022
- Describing Snow Instability by Failure Initiation, Crack Propagation, and Slab Tensile Support B. Reuter & J. Schweizer 10.1029/2018GL078069
- A closed-form model for layered snow slabs P. Weißgraeber & P. Rosendahl 10.5194/tc-17-1475-2023
- Temporal evolution of crack propagation propensity in snow in relation to slab and weak layer properties J. Schweizer et al. 10.5194/tc-10-2637-2016
- Characterizing snow instability with avalanche problem types derived from snow cover simulations B. Reuter et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103462
- Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 1: Slabs on compliant and collapsible weak layers P. Rosendahl & P. Weißgraeber 10.5194/tc-14-115-2020
- A mechanically-based model of snow slab and weak layer fracture in the Propagation Saw Test L. Benedetti et al. 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.12.033
- Temporal evolution of crack propagation characteristics in a weak snowpack layer: conditions of crack arrest and sustained propagation B. Bergfeld et al. 10.5194/nhess-23-293-2023
- Snow fracture in relation to slab avalanche release: critical state for the onset of crack propagation J. Gaume et al. 10.5194/tc-11-217-2017
- Modeling spatially distributed snow instability at a regional scale using Alpine3D B. Richter et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.61
- A large-scale validation of snowpack simulations in support of avalanche forecasting focusing on critical layers F. Herla et al. 10.5194/nhess-24-2727-2024
- Validating modeled critical crack length for crack propagation in the snow cover model SNOWPACK B. Richter et al. 10.5194/tc-13-3353-2019
- A random forest model to assess snow instability from simulated snow stratigraphy S. Mayer et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4593-2022
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Application of physical snowpack models in support of operational avalanche hazard forecasting: A status report on current implementations and prospects for the future S. Morin et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102910
- Snow mechanical property variability at the slope scale – implication for snow mechanical modelling F. Meloche et al. 10.5194/tc-18-1359-2024
- Sensitivity of modeled snow stability data to meteorological input uncertainty B. Richter et al. 10.5194/nhess-20-2873-2020
- Influence of slab depth spatial variability on skier-triggering probability and avalanche size F. Meloche et al. 10.1017/aog.2024.3
- Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 2: Coupled mixed-mode criterion for skier-triggered anticracks P. Rosendahl & P. Weißgraeber 10.5194/tc-14-131-2020
- Assessing snow instability in skier-triggered snow slab avalanches by combining failure initiation and crack propagation J. Gaume & B. Reuter 10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.05.011
- A data exploration tool for averaging and accessing large data sets of snow stratigraphy profiles useful for avalanche forecasting F. Herla et al. 10.5194/tc-16-3149-2022
- Comparing measurements of snow mechanical properties relevant for slab avalanche release B. REUTER et al. 10.1017/jog.2018.93
- Large-ensemble climate simulations to assess changes in snow stability over northern Japan Y. Katsuyama et al. 10.1017/jog.2022.85
- Stress measurements in the weak layer during snow stability tests S. Griesser et al. 10.1017/aog.2023.49
- Stress Concentrations in Weak Snowpack Layers and Conditions for Slab Avalanche Release J. Gaume et al. 10.1029/2018GL078900
- Data-driven automated predictions of the avalanche danger level for dry-snow conditions in Switzerland C. Pérez-Guillén et al. 10.5194/nhess-22-2031-2022
- Describing Snow Instability by Failure Initiation, Crack Propagation, and Slab Tensile Support B. Reuter & J. Schweizer 10.1029/2018GL078069
- A closed-form model for layered snow slabs P. Weißgraeber & P. Rosendahl 10.5194/tc-17-1475-2023
- Temporal evolution of crack propagation propensity in snow in relation to slab and weak layer properties J. Schweizer et al. 10.5194/tc-10-2637-2016
- Characterizing snow instability with avalanche problem types derived from snow cover simulations B. Reuter et al. 10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103462
- Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 1: Slabs on compliant and collapsible weak layers P. Rosendahl & P. Weißgraeber 10.5194/tc-14-115-2020
- A mechanically-based model of snow slab and weak layer fracture in the Propagation Saw Test L. Benedetti et al. 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.12.033
- Temporal evolution of crack propagation characteristics in a weak snowpack layer: conditions of crack arrest and sustained propagation B. Bergfeld et al. 10.5194/nhess-23-293-2023
- Snow fracture in relation to slab avalanche release: critical state for the onset of crack propagation J. Gaume et al. 10.5194/tc-11-217-2017
- Modeling spatially distributed snow instability at a regional scale using Alpine3D B. Richter et al. 10.1017/jog.2021.61
- A large-scale validation of snowpack simulations in support of avalanche forecasting focusing on critical layers F. Herla et al. 10.5194/nhess-24-2727-2024
- Validating modeled critical crack length for crack propagation in the snow cover model SNOWPACK B. Richter et al. 10.5194/tc-13-3353-2019
- A random forest model to assess snow instability from simulated snow stratigraphy S. Mayer et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4593-2022
Saved (preprint)
Latest update: 13 Dec 2024
Short summary
We propose a new approach based on a simplification of the multi-layered elasticity theory in order to easily compute the additional stress due to a skier at the depth of the weak layer, taking into account the layering of the snow slab and the substratum. The method was tested on simplified snow profiles, then on manually observed snow profiles including a stability test and, finally, on simulated snow profiles, thereby showing the promise of our approach.
We propose a new approach based on a simplification of the multi-layered elasticity theory in...
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