Review article: A review and critical analysis of the efforts towards urban flood risk  management in the Lagos region of Nigeria

Nkwunonwo, U. C.; Whitworth, M.; Baily, B.

doi:10.5194/nhess-16-349-2016

Articles | Volume 16, issue 2

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-349-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-349-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 16, issue 2

Review article

|

05 Feb 2016

Review article |

| 05 Feb 2016

Review article: A review and critical analysis of the efforts towards urban flood risk management in the Lagos region of Nigeria

U. C. Nkwunonwo, M. Whitworth, and B. Baily

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Total article views: 9,212 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

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Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2015	32	14	1	47
Jul 2015	25	20	3	48
Aug 2015	17	16	2	35
Sep 2015	6	10	1	17
Oct 2015	10	9	2	21
Nov 2015	11	13	2	26
Dec 2015	8	19	4	31
Jan 2016	9	13	0	22
Feb 2016	144	32	5	181
Mar 2016	64	27	0	91
Apr 2016	31	21	4	56
May 2016	27	20	1	48
Jun 2016	21	11	1	33
Jul 2016	19	4	1	24
Aug 2016	36	14	0	50
Sep 2016	45	11	2	58
Oct 2016	45	8	1	54
Nov 2016	27	5	4	36
Dec 2016	38	6	0	44
Jan 2017	45	29	0	74
Feb 2017	37	7	1	45
Mar 2017	44	31	1	76
Apr 2017	34	39	0	73
May 2017	37	42	1	80
Jun 2017	35	46	1	82
Jul 2017	31	56	1	88
Aug 2017	38	55	4	97
Sep 2017	21	39	1	61
Oct 2017	14	81	2	97
Nov 2017	26	68	11	105
Dec 2017	17	54	12	83
Jan 2018	24	52	4	80
Feb 2018	18	82	3	103
Mar 2018	26	67	1	94
Apr 2018	24	79	2	105
May 2018	8	84	3	95
Jun 2018	13	79	4	96
Jul 2018	15	88	4	107
Aug 2018	21	76	2	99
Sep 2018	14	42	0	56
Oct 2018	14	29	2	45
Nov 2018	14	26	4	44
Dec 2018	15	22	1	38
Jan 2019	7	14	0	21
Feb 2019	19	17	1	37
Mar 2019	37	24	3	64
Apr 2019	37	28	2	67
May 2019	25	19	4	48
Jun 2019	30	25	2	57
Jul 2019	45	20	0	65
Aug 2019	51	24	7	82
Sep 2019	50	30	3	83
Oct 2019	39	21	2	62
Nov 2019	36	20	3	59
Dec 2019	33	29	0	62
Jan 2020	44	41	2	87
Feb 2020	33	18	0	51
Mar 2020	28	24	0	52
Apr 2020	25	58	3	86
May 2020	34	21	0	55
Jun 2020	38	26	0	64
Jul 2020	39	28	15	82
Aug 2020	35	32	9	76
Sep 2020	42	32	0	74
Oct 2020	27	36	1	64
Nov 2020	33	36	3	72
Dec 2020	48	27	0	75
Jan 2021	70	47	2	119
Feb 2021	40	34	2	76
Mar 2021	53	44	6	103
Apr 2021	50	57	5	112
May 2021	45	29	1	75
Jun 2021	41	16	2	59
Jul 2021	45	32	0	77
Aug 2021	55	38	4	97
Sep 2021	49	33	4	86
Oct 2021	54	66	1	121
Nov 2021	62	54	3	119
Dec 2021	53	25	3	81
Jan 2022	48	19	3	70
Feb 2022	47	16	3	66
Mar 2022	39	25	0	64
Apr 2022	61	32	6	99
May 2022	45	11	1	57
Jun 2022	55	13	3	71
Jul 2022	40	15	1	56
Aug 2022	57	18	0	75
Sep 2022	52	26	2	80
Oct 2022	55	29	3	87
Nov 2022	64	123	6	193
Dec 2022	54	21	2	77
Jan 2023	54	46	3	103
Feb 2023	37	27	2	66
Mar 2023	41	48	5	94
Apr 2023	22	49	2	73
May 2023	54	32	7	93
Jun 2023	55	39	2	96
Jul 2023	34	22	0	56
Aug 2023	25	59	3	87
Sep 2023	32	51	4	87
Oct 2023	38	57	5	100
Nov 2023	20	21	0	41
Dec 2023	41	44	1	86
Jan 2024	32	38	4	74
Feb 2024	35	25	5	65
Mar 2024	25	28	1	54
Apr 2024	44	23	4	71
May 2024	43	32	5	80
Jun 2024	36	25	3	64
Jul 2024	56	54	7	117
Aug 2024	38	22	2	62
Sep 2024	64	20	3	87
Oct 2024	39	18	0	57
Nov 2024	43	16	0	59
Dec 2024	38	25	0	63
Jan 2025	33	20	1	54
Feb 2025	43	15	2	60
Mar 2025	38	22	0	60
Apr 2025	32	32	2	66
May 2025	47	26	1	74
Jun 2025	77	31	3	111
Jul 2025	43	29	1	73
Aug 2025	46	22	0	68
Sep 2025	47	35	0	82
Oct 2025	51	34	6	91
Nov 2025	60	39	12	111
Dec 2025	13	4	0	17

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 16 Jun 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2015	32	14	1	47
Jul 2015	25	20	3	48
Aug 2015	17	16	2	35
Sep 2015	6	10	1	17
Oct 2015	10	9	2	21
Nov 2015	11	13	2	26
Dec 2015	8	19	4	31
Jan 2016	9	13	0	22
Feb 2016	144	32	5	181
Mar 2016	64	27	0	91
Apr 2016	31	21	4	56
May 2016	27	20	1	48
Jun 2016	21	11	1	33
Jul 2016	19	4	1	24
Aug 2016	36	14	0	50
Sep 2016	45	11	2	58
Oct 2016	45	8	1	54
Nov 2016	27	5	4	36
Dec 2016	38	6	0	44
Jan 2017	45	29	0	74
Feb 2017	37	7	1	45
Mar 2017	44	31	1	76
Apr 2017	34	39	0	73
May 2017	37	42	1	80
Jun 2017	35	46	1	82
Jul 2017	31	56	1	88
Aug 2017	38	55	4	97
Sep 2017	21	39	1	61
Oct 2017	14	81	2	97
Nov 2017	26	68	11	105
Dec 2017	17	54	12	83
Jan 2018	24	52	4	80
Feb 2018	18	82	3	103
Mar 2018	26	67	1	94
Apr 2018	24	79	2	105
May 2018	8	84	3	95
Jun 2018	13	79	4	96
Jul 2018	15	88	4	107
Aug 2018	21	76	2	99
Sep 2018	14	42	0	56
Oct 2018	14	29	2	45
Nov 2018	14	26	4	44
Dec 2018	15	22	1	38
Jan 2019	7	14	0	21
Feb 2019	19	17	1	37
Mar 2019	37	24	3	64
Apr 2019	37	28	2	67
May 2019	25	19	4	48
Jun 2019	30	25	2	57
Jul 2019	45	20	0	65
Aug 2019	51	24	7	82
Sep 2019	50	30	3	83
Oct 2019	39	21	2	62
Nov 2019	36	20	3	59
Dec 2019	33	29	0	62
Jan 2020	44	41	2	87
Feb 2020	33	18	0	51
Mar 2020	28	24	0	52
Apr 2020	25	58	3	86
May 2020	34	21	0	55
Jun 2020	38	26	0	64
Jul 2020	39	28	15	82
Aug 2020	35	32	9	76
Sep 2020	42	32	0	74
Oct 2020	27	36	1	64
Nov 2020	33	36	3	72
Dec 2020	48	27	0	75
Jan 2021	70	47	2	119
Feb 2021	40	34	2	76
Mar 2021	53	44	6	103
Apr 2021	50	57	5	112
May 2021	45	29	1	75
Jun 2021	41	16	2	59
Jul 2021	45	32	0	77
Aug 2021	55	38	4	97
Sep 2021	49	33	4	86
Oct 2021	54	66	1	121
Nov 2021	62	54	3	119
Dec 2021	53	25	3	81
Jan 2022	48	19	3	70
Feb 2022	47	16	3	66
Mar 2022	39	25	0	64
Apr 2022	61	32	6	99
May 2022	45	11	1	57
Jun 2022	55	13	3	71
Jul 2022	40	15	1	56
Aug 2022	57	18	0	75
Sep 2022	52	26	2	80
Oct 2022	55	29	3	87
Nov 2022	64	123	6	193
Dec 2022	54	21	2	77
Jan 2023	54	46	3	103
Feb 2023	37	27	2	66
Mar 2023	41	48	5	94
Apr 2023	22	49	2	73
May 2023	54	32	7	93
Jun 2023	55	39	2	96
Jul 2023	34	22	0	56
Aug 2023	25	59	3	87
Sep 2023	32	51	4	87
Oct 2023	38	57	5	100
Nov 2023	20	21	0	41
Dec 2023	41	44	1	86
Jan 2024	32	38	4	74
Feb 2024	35	25	5	65
Mar 2024	25	28	1	54
Apr 2024	44	23	4	71
May 2024	43	32	5	80
Jun 2024	36	25	3	64
Jul 2024	56	54	7	117
Aug 2024	38	22	2	62
Sep 2024	64	20	3	87
Oct 2024	39	18	0	57
Nov 2024	43	16	0	59
Dec 2024	38	25	0	63
Jan 2025	33	20	1	54
Feb 2025	43	15	2	60
Mar 2025	38	22	0	60
Apr 2025	32	32	2	66
May 2025	47	26	1	74
Jun 2025	77	31	3	111
Jul 2025	43	29	1	73
Aug 2025	46	22	0	68
Sep 2025	47	35	0	82
Oct 2025	51	34	6	91
Nov 2025	60	39	12	111
Dec 2025	13	4	0	17

Latest update: 04 Dec 2025

Short summary

This research reviews flood risk within the Lagos area of Nigeria over the period 1968 to 2012. During this period, floods have caused harm to millions of people physically, emotionally, and economically. Arguably over this period the efforts of stakeholders to address the challenges appear to have been limited by, among other things, lack of reliable data, lack of awareness among the population affected, and lack of knowledge of flood risk mitigation. Recommendations are made for flood modeling.