The purpose of this special issue is to publish a collection of new research contributions addressing description and understanding of climate extremes and hazards in the Mediterranean region, their past trends and future evolution, and their impacts on societies and ecosystems. Contributions addressing one or more among a wide range of hazards and extreme phenomena (floods, droughts, heat waves, winds, intense precipitations, storm surges, etc.) are welcome. Authors are recommended to consider one or more of the following aspects:

– recovery of new data for estimating trends of extreme events in the Mediterranean,
– description of structural and/or statistical properties of climate- related hazards in the Mediterranean region,
– present and recent (20th century) trends,
– reconstruction of extremes and hazards in the historical past,
– extremes and hazards in future climate scenarios,
– impacts of extreme and hazards in the societies and ecosystems.