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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">NHESSD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">NHESSD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2195-9269</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/nhess-2020-376</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Sensitivity of the Weather Research and Forecasting model 
(WRF) to downscaling extreme events over Northern Tunisia</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dhib</surname>
<given-names>Saoussen</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-2984</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Homar</surname>
<given-names>Víctor</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1459-2003</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bargaoui</surname>
<given-names>Zoubeida</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4737-2373</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Vich</surname>
<given-names>Mariadelmar</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-1051</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Laboratory of Hydraulic and Environmental Modeling (LMHE), Université de Tunis El-Manar (UTM), Ecole Nationale d’ingénieurs de Tunis (ENIT), Tunis, 1002, Tunisia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Meteorology Group, Physics Department, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, 7003,  Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>05</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2021</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>27</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2021 Saoussen Dhib et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2020-376/">This article is available from https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2020-376/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2020-376/nhess-2020-376.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2020-376/nhess-2020-376.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>&lt;p&gt;Rainfall is one of the most important variables for water and flood management. We investigate the capacity of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) to dynamically downscale the ECMWF Re-Analysis data for Northern Tunisia. This study aims to examine the sensitivity of WRF rainfall estimates to different Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) and Cumulus Physics (Cu) schemes. The verification scheme consists of three statistical criteria (Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Pearson correlation, and the ratio bias coefficient). Moreover, the FSS coefficient (fraction skill score)  and the quality coefficient SAL (structure amplitude latitude) are calculated. The database is composed of four heavy events covering an average of 318 rainfall stations. We mean by heavy event, each event occurred a rainfall of more than 50&amp;thinsp;mm per observed day at least in one rainfall station. The sensitivity study showed that there is not a best common combination scheme (PBL and Cu) for all the events. The average of the best 10 combinations for each event is adopted to get the ensemble map. We conclude that some schemes are sensitive and others less sensitive. The best three performing schemes for PBL and Cu parametrizations are selected for future rainfall estimation by WRF over Northern Tunisia.&lt;/p&gt;</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="27"/></counts>
</article-meta>
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