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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">NHESSD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">NHESSD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2195-9269</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/nhess-2015-320</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Rainfall feature extraction using cluster analysis and its application on displacement prediction for a cleavage-parallel landslide in the Three-Gorges Reservoir area</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Y.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Faculty of Mechanical and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Civil &amp; Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3037, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>19</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2016</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>15</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2016 Y. Liu</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2015-320/">This article is available from https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2015-320/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2015-320/nhess-2015-320.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://nhess.copernicus.org/preprints/nhess-2015-320/nhess-2015-320.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Rainfall is one of the most important factors controlling landslide deformation and failure. State-of-art 
rainfall data collection is a common practice in modern landslide research world-wide. Nevertheless, in spite of the availability of high-accuracy rainfall data, it is not a trivial process to diligently incorporate rainfall data in predicting landslide stability due to large quantity, tremendous variety, and wealth multiplicity of rainfall data. Up to date, most of the pre-process procedure of rainfall data only use mean value, maxima and minima to characterize the rainfall feature. This practice significantly overlooks many important and intrinsic features contained in the rainfall data. In this paper, we employ cluster analysis (CA)-based feature analysis to rainfall data for rainfall feature extraction. This method effectively extracts the most significant features of a rainfall sequence and greatly reduced rainfall data quantities. Meanwhile it also improves rainfall data availability. 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
For showing the efficiency of using the CA characterized rainfall data input, we present three schemes to input 
rainfall data in back propagation (BP) neural network to forecast landslide displacement. These three schemes are: the original daily rainfall, monthly rainfall, and CA extracted rainfall features. Based on the examination of the root mean square error (RMSE) of the landslide displacement prediction, it is clear that using the CA extracted rainfall features input significantly improve the ability of accurate landslide prediction.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="15"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source>
<award-id>41302278, 41272377, 41272306</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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