<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">NHESS</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">NHESS</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1684-9981</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/nhess-12-2843-2012</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A quantitative flood risk analysis methodology for urban areas with integration of social research data</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Escuder-Bueno</surname>
<given-names>I.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Castillo-Rodríguez</surname>
<given-names>J. T.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zechner</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jöbstl</surname>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Perales-Momparler</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Petaccia</surname>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Universitat Politècnica de València, Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering, Valencia, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Graz University of Technology, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Graz, Austria</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>PMEnginyeria, Valencia, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>University of Pavia, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Pavia, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>12</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<issue>9</issue>
<fpage>2843</fpage>
<lpage>2863</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2012 I. Escuder-Bueno et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/12/2843/2012/nhess-12-2843-2012.html">This article is available from https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/12/2843/2012/nhess-12-2843-2012.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/12/2843/2012/nhess-12-2843-2012.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/12/2843/2012/nhess-12-2843-2012.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Risk analysis has become a top priority for authorities and stakeholders in
many European countries, with the aim of reducing flooding risk, considering
the population&apos;s needs and improving risk awareness. Within this context, two
methodological pieces have been developed in the period 2009–2011 within
the SUFRI project (Sustainable Strategies of Urban Flood Risk Management
with non-structural measures to cope with the residual risk, 2nd
ERA-Net CRUE Funding Initiative). First, the &quot;SUFRI Methodology for pluvial
and river flooding risk assessment in urban areas to inform decision-making&quot;
provides a comprehensive and quantitative tool for flood risk analysis.
Second, the &quot;Methodology for investigation of risk awareness of the
population concerned&quot; presents the basis to estimate current risk from a
social perspective and identify tendencies in the way floods are understood
by citizens. Outcomes of both methods are integrated in this paper with the
aim of informing decision making on non-structural protection measures. The
results of two case studies are shown to illustrate practical applications
of this developed approach. The main advantage of applying the methodology
herein presented consists in providing a quantitative estimation of flooding
risk before and after investing in non-structural risk mitigation measures.
It can be of great interest for decision makers as it provides rational and
solid information.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="21"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<ref id="ref1">
<label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">AEMS: Commonwealth of Australia, Flood Warning, Manual 21, Australian Emergency Manuals Series, ISBN 978-1-921152-17-7, 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref2">
<label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Australian National Committee on Large Dams (ANCOLD): Incorporated Guidelines on Risk Assessment, October 2003.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref3">
<label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Ayyub, B. M.: Elicitation of expert opinions for uncertainty and risks, CRC Press, 2001.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref4">
<label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Baana, P. J. and Klijna, F.: Flood risk perception and implications for flood risk management in the Netherlands, Int. J. River Basin Manage., 2, 113–122, 2004.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref5">
<label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Bowles, D. S.: ALARP Evaluation-Using Cost Effectiveness and Disproportionality to Justify Risk Reduction, Australian National Commission on Large Dams (ANCOLD) – Bulletin, 127, 89–106, August 2004.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref6">
<label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Conselleria d&apos;Obres Públiques, Urbanisme i Territori (COPUT): Plan de Acción Territorial de Carácter Sectorial sobre Prevención de Riesgo de Inundación en la Comunidad Valenciana (PATRICOVA), 2002 (in Spanish).</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref7">
<label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">CRUE Research Funding Initiative: Synthesis Report No I-2009, Addressing the key findings of research, Risk Assessment and Risk Management: Effectiveness and Efficiency of Non-structural Flood Risk Management Measures, Project Contract No: ERAC-CT-2004-515742, 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref8">
<label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Cunge, J. A., Holly, F. M., and Vervey, A.: Practical aspects of Computational River Hydraulics, Pitman Publ. Inc, London, 1990.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref9">
<label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Dawson, W. R.: Generic depth-damage relationships for residential structures with basements, Economic Guidance Memorandum (EGM) 04-01, USACE, 2003.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref10">
<label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">DHS: Estimating Economic Consequences for Dam Failure Scenarios, Dams Sector, US Department of Homeland Security, September 2011, 2011a.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref11">
<label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">DHS: Estimating Loss of Life for Dam Failure Scenarios, Dams Sector, US Department of Homeland Security, September 2011, 2011b.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref12">
<label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Douben, K. J.: Characteristics of river floods and flooding: a global overview, 1985–2003, Irrigation Drainage, 55, S9–S21, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref13">
<label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">EC: Directive 2007/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2007 on the assessment and management of flood risks, 2007.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref14">
<label>14</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">EC: Directive 2008/114/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 December 2008 on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their protection, 2008.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref15">
<label>15</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Escuder-Bueno, I., Morales-Torres, A., and Perales-Momparler, S.: Urban Flood Risk Characterization as a tool for planning and managing. Workshop Alexandria, March 2010: Exploration of Tolerable Risk Guidelines for Levee Systems, Washington DC (USA), available at: &lt;a href=&quot;www.ipresas.upv.es&quot;&gt;www.ipresas.upv.es&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;www.sufri.tugraz.at&quot;&gt;www.sufri.tugraz.at&lt;/a&gt;, 2010.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref16">
<label>16</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Escuder-Bueno, I., Castillo-Rodríguez, J. T., Perales-Momparler, S., and Morales-Torres, A.: SUFRI methodology for pluvial and river flooding risk assessment in urban areas to inform decision-making, SUFRI project, WP3, final report, July 2011, available at: &lt;a href=&quot;www.sufri.tugraz.at&quot;&gt;www.sufri.tugraz.at&lt;/a&gt;, 2011a.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref17">
<label>17</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Escuder-Bueno, I., Castillo-Rodríguez, J. T., Perales-Momparler, S., and Morales-Torres, A.: A complete and quantitative tool for flood risk analysis in urban areas: river and pluvial flooding, Proceedings UFRIM Conference, Graz (Austria), September 2011, 2011b.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref18">
<label>18</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Gómez, M.  and Russo, B.: Criterios de riesgo asociados a escorrentía urbana, Jornadas de Ingeniería del Agua, 2009 (in Spanish).</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref19">
<label>19</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Graham, W. J.: A procedure for estimating loss of life caused by dam failure, DSO-99-06, US Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, 1999.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref20">
<label>20</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Grossmann, G. and Seiser, T.: Final Report – Survey about risk awareness – SUFRI project, 2011 (unpublished report).</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref21">
<label>21</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">IEC/FDIS 31010, ISO International Standard: Risk management – Risk assessment techniques, IEC/FDIS 31010:2009 (E), 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref22">
<label>22</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD): Risk Assessment in Dam Safety Management: A Reconnaissance of Benefits, Methods and Current Applications, Bulletin130, 2005.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref23">
<label>23</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Jöbstl, C., Zechner, S., Knoblauch, H., Pohl, R., Bornschein, A., Natale, L., Petaccia, G., Escuder-Bueno, I., Castillo-Rodríguez, J. T., Perales-Momparler, S., Morales-Torres, A., Bateman, A., Medina, V., Díaz, A., Grossmann, G., Kulmhofer, A., and Seiser, T.: SUFRI – Sustainable Strategies of Urban Flood Risk Management with non-structural measures to cope with the residual risk, Final Report, Graz 2011, available at: &lt;a href=&quot;www.sufri.tugraz.at&quot;&gt;www.sufri.tugraz.at&lt;/a&gt;, 2011.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref24">
<label>24</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Jonkman, S. N.:  Global Perspectives on Loss of Human Life Caused by Floods, Nat. Hazards, 34, 151–175, 2003.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref25">
<label>25</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Messner, F., Penning-Rowsell, E., Green, C., Meyer, V., Tunstall, S., and van der Veen, A.: FLOODSITE Evaluating flood damages: guidance and recommendations on principles and methods, Report T09-06-01, January 2007.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref26">
<label>26</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Munger, D. F., Bowles, D. S., Boyer, D. B., Davis, D. W., Margo, D. A., Moser, D. A., Regan, P. J., and Snorteland, N.: Interim tolerable risk guidelines for US Army Corps of Engineers dams. In USSD Workshop on the future of dam safety decision making: combining standards and risk, April 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref27">
<label>27</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Nanía, L.: Métodos de transformación lluvía-escorrentía y de propagación de caudales, Hidrología superficial y subterránea, Universidad de Granada, 2002 (in Spanish).</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref28">
<label>28</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Parker, D., Tunstall, S., and Wilson, T.: Socio-economic benefits of flood forecasting and warning, Flood Hazard Research Centre, Middlesex University, Queensway, Enfield, EN3 4SF, London, UK, 2005.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref29">
<label>29</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Penning-Rowsell, E., Floyd, D., Ramsbottom, P., and Surendran, S.: Estimating injury and loss of life in floods: A deterministic framework, Nat. Hazards, 36, 43–64, 2005.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref30">
<label>30</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Reiter, P.: RESCDAM – Loss of life caused by dam failure, the RESCDAM LOL method and its application to Kyrkosjarvi dam in Seinajoki, Water Consulting Ltd., 2001.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref31">
<label>31</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Roos, M.: Flood management practice in northern California, Irrigation Drainage, 55, 93–99, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref32">
<label>32</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Samuels, P., Klijn, F., and Dijkman J.: An analysis of the current practice of policies on river flood risk management in different countries, Irrigation  Drainage, 55, 141–150, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref33">
<label>33</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Sayers, P. B., Hall, J. W., and Meadowcroft, I. C.: Towards risk-based flood hazard management in the UK, Proceedings of ICE-Civil Engineering 150 May 2002, 36–42, Paper 12803, 2002.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref34">
<label>34</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Scawthorn, C., Flores, P.; Blais, N., Seligson, H., Tate, E., Chang, S., Mifflin, E., Thomas, W., Murphy, J., Jones, C., and Lawrence, M.: HAZUS-MH flood loss estimation methodology, II: Damage and Loss Assessment, Nat. Hazards Rev., 7, 72–81, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref35">
<label>35</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Schanze, J., Hutter, G., Olfert, A., Penning-Rowsell, E.C., Parker, D., Harries, T., Werritty, A., Nachtnebel, H., Holzmann, H., Neuhold, C., Meyer, V., Kuhlicke, C., Schildt, A., Jessel, B., and Königer, P.: FLOOD-ERA Joint Report, CRUE Research Report No I-1: Systematisation, evaluation and context conditions of structural and non-structural measures for flood risk reduction, Project Contract No: ERAC-CT-2004-515742, 2008.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref36">
<label>36</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Serrano-Lombillo, A., Escuder-Bueno, I., de Membrillera-Ortuño, M. G., and Altarejos-García, L.: iPresas – Software for risk analysis, 23rd International Congress on Large Dams, Brasilia, 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref37">
<label>37</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Simonovic, S. P.: Social criteria for evaluation of flood control measures – Winnipeg case study, Urban Water, 1, 167–175, 1999.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref38">
<label>38</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Témez, J. R.: Extended and Improved Rational method, Highways Administration of Spain, XXIV Congress Madrid Edition, 1991 (in Spanish).</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref39">
<label>39</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">US Bureau of Reclamation (USBR): Risk Based Profiling System, Technical Service Center, 2001.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref40">
<label>40</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Vrijling, J. K.: Probabilistic design of water defence systems in The Netherlands, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Safe., 74, 337–344, 2001.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref41">
<label>41</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Zechner, S., Jöbstl, C., and Knoblauch, H.: SUFRI Methodology for investigation of risk awareness of the population concerned, SUFRI project, WP4, final report, December 2011.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>